létale – Übersetzung – Keybot-Wörterbuch

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) du châtaigner en Europe causent des dommages sérieux aux arbres. De plus, les aulnes européens ont récemment été affligés d’une pourriture létale des racines et du collet (
) in Europe cause severe tree damage. In addition, European alders have recently been affected by a lethal root and collar rot (
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Une inhibition de sa production chez de jeunes larves entraîne une métamorphose précoce, laquelle est généralement létale, d'où l'intérêt d'en étudier la biosynthèse et d'élaborer des stratégies pour en bloquer la production.
, that are unique to insects. In adult insects, JH stimulates the maturation of the gonads, whereas in immature stages, it prevents the induction of metamorphosis during moulting. Inhibition of its production in young larvae results in precocious metamorphosis, which is usually lethal, hence the interest in studying the biosynthesis of JH and developing strategies for blocking its production.
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L'analyse par régression logistique a révélé que la survie des oeufs, évaluée après 1 ou 12 semaines d'incubation, augmente significativement avec le poids de la masse d’œufs dans laquelle ils se trouvent, et avec la température maximum du jour le plus froid auquel ils ont été exposés pendant l'hiver. La température létale pour 50% des masses d’œufs est de −14 °C pour les masses pesant 0.1 g, alors qu'elle est de −18.1 °C pour les masses de 0.4 g.
The present study relates the survival rate of bagworm eggs to extreme winter temperature and weight of egg clutches. The eggs were collected in the spring of 2009 at 104 locations in the mid-western United States of America across a latitudinal range from 36.5–41.5 °N. Egg survival after a 1-week incubation period was overdispersed, suggesting that survival of individual eggs within a clutch is highly correlated. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the survival of eggs, assessed after 1 or 12 weeks of incubation, significantly increases with the weight of egg clutches and increasing minimum winter temperature (expressed as the maximum temperature during the coldest day of winter). Lethal temperature for 50% of egg clusters was −14 °C for clusters weighing 0.1 g and −18.1 °C for 0.4 g clusters. The regression model developed here provides a tool to forecast the persistence of bagworm populations in recently colonised locations in Michigan, United States of America and southern Ontario, Canada.
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On obtient de bons résultats lorsque les pulvérisations sont effectuées au moment approprié et lorsque le dépôt sur le feuillage est tel que la plupart des larves ingèrent une dose létale au cours des deux premiers jours suivant l'arrosage.
Research and development over many years have now established that Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (B.t.) can be a safe and effective biological insecticide for spruce budworm. B.t. must be ingested before it can kill the insect and good results are thus obtained when the B.t. spray is applied at the correct time and covers the foliage so that most larvae consume a lethal dose of B.t. within 1 or 2 days of application. Under these conditions, B.t. treatments can save as much foliage as chemical insecticide treatments. However, the cost of materials and application for a B.t. treatment is higher than for a chemical treatment. In recent years emphasis in B.t. research has thus been to reduce cost by obtaining better distribution of the material on foliage, by reducing the volume of liquid carrier, and by looking for strains and fermentations of B.t. that provide an even more potent product against spruce budworm.
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Les jeunes larves se sont révélées plus susceptibles au virus que les larves plus âgées. La rapidité d'expression de l'action létale du virus dépendait de l'âge des larves et de la concentration du virus.
Different larval stages of balsam fir sawfly, Neodriprion abietis (Harris) (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae), were challenged by different concentrations of a nucleopolyhedrovirus in the laboratory to determine larval susceptibility to the virus and to test treatment effects of the virus on the sawfly survivors. The results indicated that younger larvae were more susceptible to the virus than older instars. The speed of larval death depended on the larval age and the virus concentration. Generally, the virus killed second or third instars in 5 d and fourth or fifth instars in 10-12 d at concentrations of 107 polyhedral inclusion bodies (PIB) / ml. The virus had profound treatment effects of sawfly survivors. Feeding activity of the survivors was reduced by >40% compared with that of the control group, pupal weight by 25%, and adult emergence by >30%. There was also a higher percentage of male adults in the virus-treated groups than in the control.