brin – -Translation – Keybot Dictionary

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  DNA mediated immobilisa...  
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Des nanoparticules de platine, fonctionnalisées de façon régiosélective au moyen d’une sonde composé d’un brin d’ADN, ont été immobilisées à l’intérieur de réseaux de nanocavités en or par hybridation de l’ADN.
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Platinum nanoparticles, functionalised regioselectively with probe strand DNA, have been immobilised within the interior of gold nanocavity arrays via DNA hybridisation. The immobilised nanoparticles are highly electrocatalytic and show significantly higher currents for the reduction of hydrogen peroxide than uniformly functionalised particles.
  Sequential recruitment ...  
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La réplication des virus à simple brin d’ARN positif se fait dans le cytoplasme de l’hôte, dans des complexes de réplication du génome viral entourés d’une membrane. Selon les virus, différents organites de la cellule hôte servent à la formation de ces structures de réplication virale : réticulum endoplasmique, chloroplastes, mitochondries, endosomes et peroxysomes.
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The replication of positive-strand RNA viruses occurs in cytoplasmic membrane-bound virus replication complexes (VRCs). Depending on the virus, distinct cellular organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), chloroplast, mitochondrion, endosome and peroxisome are recruited for the formation of VRC-associated membranous structures. Previously, the 6K protein of plant potyviruses was shown to be an integral membrane protein that induces the formation of 6K-containing membranous vesicles at ER exit sites (ERES) for potyvirus genome replication. Here, we present evidence that the 6K-induced vesicles predominantly target chloroplasts where they amalgamate and induce chloroplast membrane invaginations. The vesicular transport pathway and actomyosin motility system are involved in the trafficking of the 6K vesicles from the ER to chloroplasts. Viral RNA, dsRNA and viral replicase components are concentrated at the 6K vesicles that associate with chloroplasts in infected cells, suggesting these chloroplast-bound 6K vesicles are the site for potyvirus replication. Taken together, these results suggest that plant potyviruses recruit sequentially the ER and chloroplasts for their genome replication.
  Sequential recruitment ...  
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La réplication des virus à simple brin d’ARN positif se fait dans le cytoplasme de l’hôte, dans des complexes de réplication du génome viral entourés d’une membrane. Selon les virus, différents organites de la cellule hôte servent à la formation de ces structures de réplication virale : réticulum endoplasmique, chloroplastes, mitochondries, endosomes et peroxysomes.
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The replication of positive-strand RNA viruses occurs in cytoplasmic membrane-bound virus replication complexes (VRCs). Depending on the virus, distinct cellular organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), chloroplast, mitochondrion, endosome and peroxisome are recruited for the formation of VRC-associated membranous structures. Previously, the 6K protein of plant potyviruses was shown to be an integral membrane protein that induces the formation of 6K-containing membranous vesicles at ER exit sites (ERES) for potyvirus genome replication. Here, we present evidence that the 6K-induced vesicles predominantly target chloroplasts where they amalgamate and induce chloroplast membrane invaginations. The vesicular transport pathway and actomyosin motility system are involved in the trafficking of the 6K vesicles from the ER to chloroplasts. Viral RNA, dsRNA and viral replicase components are concentrated at the 6K vesicles that associate with chloroplasts in infected cells, suggesting these chloroplast-bound 6K vesicles are the site for potyvirus replication. Taken together, these results suggest that plant potyviruses recruit sequentially the ER and chloroplasts for their genome replication.
  Preparation of Function...  
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Des films minces constitués de poly(chlorure de diallyldiméthylammonium) comme polycations ainsi que de poly(sulfonate styrénique de sodium) et de l’aptamère comme polyanions ont été déposés couche par couche, puis comparés à des films préparés avec de l’ADN de thymus de veau ou un oligonucléotide à un seul brin.
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Advances in many aptamer-based applications will require a better understanding of how an aptamer’s molecular recognition ability is affected by its incorporation into a suitable matrix. In this study, we investigated whether a model aptamer system, the sulforhodamine B aptamer, would retain its binding ability while embedded in a multilayer polyelectrolyte film. Thin films consisting of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) as the polycation and both poly(sodium 4-styrene-sulfonate) and the aptamer as the polyanions were deposited by the layer-by-layer approach and were compared to films prepared using calf thymus DNA or a random single-stranded oligonucleotide. Data from UV-vis spectroscopy, quartz crystal microbalance studies, confocal microscopy, and time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry confirm that the aptamer’s recognition of its target is retained, with no loss of specificity and only a modest reduction of binding affinity, while it is incorporated within the thin film. These findings open up a raft of new opportunities for the development and application of aptamer-based functional thin films.
  Production of a Subunit...  
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Dans la présente étude, nous avons eu recours à la transplastomique chez le tabac pour produire un variant de recombinaison de la protéine FaeG, rFaeGntd/dsc, conçu pour l’expression d’un monomère stable grâce à la délétion de l’extrémité N‑terminale (ntd pour N-terminal deletion) et à la complémentation au moyen d’un brin donneur (dsc pour donor strand-complementation).
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Post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) in piglets is a major problem in piggeries worldwide and results in severe economic losses. Infection with Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is the key culprit for the PWD disease. F4 fimbriae of ETEC are highly stable proteinaceous polymers, mainly composed of the major structural subunit FaeG, with a capacity to evoke mucosal immune responses, thus demonstrating a potential to act as an oral vaccine against ETEC-induced porcine PWD. In this study we used a transplastomic approach in tobacco to produce a recombinant variant of the FaeG protein, rFaeGntd/dsc, engineered for expression as a stable monomer by N-terminal deletion and donor strand-complementation (ntd/dsc). The generated transplastomic tobacco plants accumulated up to 2.0 g rFaeGntd/dsc per 1 kg fresh leaf tissue (more than 1% of dry leaf tissue) and showed normal phenotype indistinguishable from wild type untransformed plants. We determined that chloroplast-produced rFaeGntd/dsc protein retained the key properties of an oral vaccine, i.e. binding to porcine intestinal F4 receptors (F4R), and inhibition of the F4-possessing (F4+) ETEC attachment to F4R. Additionally, the plant biomass matrix was shown to delay degradation of the chloroplast-produced rFaeGntd/dsc in gastrointestinal conditions, demonstrating a potential to function as a shelter-vehicle for vaccine delivery. These results suggest that transplastomic plants expressing the rFaeGntd/dsc protein could be used for production and, possibly, delivery of an oral vaccine against porcine F4+ ETEC infections. Our findings therefore present a feasible approach for developing an oral vaccination strategy against porcine PWD.
  Characterization of muc...  
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Nous avons évalué trois méthodes d’échantillonnage visant à récupérer l’ADN des communautés bactériennes associées à la muqueuse intestinale des souris (agitation mécanique avec du PBS, lavage à la main avec du PBS contenant du Tween 80 et extraction directe de l’ADN à partir de bouchons muqueux). Nous avons également vérifié l’utilité de deux méthodes (fragment de Klenow et nucléase de haricot) pour réduire les artéfacts causés par l’ADN à simple brin.
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Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) is a molecular technique used for comparative analysis of microbial community structure and dynamics. We evaluated three sampling methods for recovering bacterial community DNA associated with intestinal mucosa of mice (i.e. mechanical agitation with PBS, hand washing with PBS containing Tween 80, and direct DNA extraction from mucosal plugs). In addition, the utility of two methods (i.e. Klenow fragment and mung-bean nuclease) to reduce single-stranded DNA artifacts was tested. T-RFLP analysis indicated that diverse communities of bacteria are associated with mucosa of the ileum, cecum, and descending colon of mice. Although there was no significant difference in bacterial community structure between the mechanical agitation and direct DNA extraction methods regardless of intestinal location, community diversity was reduced for the hand wash method in the colon. The use of Klenow fragment and mung-bean nuclease have been reported to eliminate single-stranded DNA artifacts (i.e. pseudo-T-restriction fragments), but neither method was beneficial for characterizing mucosa-associated bacterial communities of the mouse cecum. Our study showed that the mechanical agitation and direct plug extraction methods yielded equivalent bacterial community DNA from the mucosa of the small and large intestines of mice, but the latter method was superior for logistical reasons. We also applied a combination of different statistical approaches to analyze T-RFLP data, including statistical detection of true peaks, analysis of variance for peak number, and group significance test, which provided a quantitative improvement for the interpretation of the T-RFLP data.
  Characterization of muc...  
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Nous avons évalué trois méthodes d’échantillonnage visant à récupérer l’ADN des communautés bactériennes associées à la muqueuse intestinale des souris (agitation mécanique avec du PBS, lavage à la main avec du PBS contenant du Tween 80 et extraction directe de l’ADN à partir de bouchons muqueux). Nous avons également vérifié l’utilité de deux méthodes (fragment de Klenow et nucléase de haricot) pour réduire les artéfacts causés par l’ADN à simple brin.
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Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) is a molecular technique used for comparative analysis of microbial community structure and dynamics. We evaluated three sampling methods for recovering bacterial community DNA associated with intestinal mucosa of mice (i.e. mechanical agitation with PBS, hand washing with PBS containing Tween 80, and direct DNA extraction from mucosal plugs). In addition, the utility of two methods (i.e. Klenow fragment and mung-bean nuclease) to reduce single-stranded DNA artifacts was tested. T-RFLP analysis indicated that diverse communities of bacteria are associated with mucosa of the ileum, cecum, and descending colon of mice. Although there was no significant difference in bacterial community structure between the mechanical agitation and direct DNA extraction methods regardless of intestinal location, community diversity was reduced for the hand wash method in the colon. The use of Klenow fragment and mung-bean nuclease have been reported to eliminate single-stranded DNA artifacts (i.e. pseudo-T-restriction fragments), but neither method was beneficial for characterizing mucosa-associated bacterial communities of the mouse cecum. Our study showed that the mechanical agitation and direct plug extraction methods yielded equivalent bacterial community DNA from the mucosa of the small and large intestines of mice, but the latter method was superior for logistical reasons. We also applied a combination of different statistical approaches to analyze T-RFLP data, including statistical detection of true peaks, analysis of variance for peak number, and group significance test, which provided a quantitative improvement for the interpretation of the T-RFLP data.