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Keybot 9 Results  www.listeriosis-listeriose.investigation-enquete.gc.ca  Page 7
  Facile preparation of s...  
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Les fibres de mélange n’exhibaient qu’une température de transition vitreuse sur les thermogrammes d’analyse calorimétrique différentielle (ACD) en raison de la forte compatibilité des deux composants.
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Using formic acid as a cosolvent and saturated sodium sulfate as a coagulation bath, soy protein/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) blend fibers were prepared using wet-spinning approaches. The structure and mechanical, thermal, and water-uptake properties of the spun fibers were investigated. Morphological analysis with polarized optical microscopy (POM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that spun PVA or blend fibers were composed of nanoparticles and exhibited a porous morphology. Blend fibers exhibited only one glass transition temperature in differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermograms due to high compatibility between the two components. The best mechanical strength and thermal stability were achieved when 70% PVA was composited with soy protein. This was thought to be due to the effects of cross-linking and hydrogen bonding between functional groups of soy protein and PVA hydroxyl groups.
  The evolution pattern o...  
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Nous examinons, ici, le polymorphisme inter et intragénomique des ITS chez 13 génomes diploïdes (génomes A et C), 7 génomes tétraploïdes (génomes AB, AC et CC) et 4 génomes hexaploïdes (génome ACD) en vue d’inférer l’étendue et la direction de l’évolution concertée, de même que pour déterminer les relations phylogénétiques et génomiques entre les espèces d’Avena.
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Ribosomal ITS sequences are commonly used for phylogenetic reconstruction because they are included in rDNA repeats, and these repeats often undergo rapid concerted evolution within and between arrays. Therefore, the rDNA ITS copies appear to be virtually identical and can sometimes be treated as a single gene. In this paper we examined ITS polymorphism within and among 13 diploid (A and C genomes), seven tetraploid (AB, AC and CC genomes) and four hexaploid (ACD genome) to infer the extent and direction of concerted evolution, and to reveal the phylogenetic and genome relationship among species of Avena. A total of 170 clones of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 fragment were sequenced to carry out haplotype and phylogenetic analysis. In addition, 111 Avena ITS sequences retrieved from GenBank were combined with 170 clones to construct a phylogeny and a netwok. We demonstrate the major divergence between the A and C genomes whereas the distinction among the A and B/D genomes was generally not possible. High affinity among the Ad genome species A. damascena and the ACD genome species A. fatua was found, whereas the rest of the ACD genome hexaploids and the AACC tetraploids were highly affiliated with the Al genome diploid A. longiglumis. One of the AACC species A. murphyi showed the closest relationship with most of the hexaploid species. Both Cv and Cp genome species have been proposed as paternal donors of the C-genome carrying polyploids. Incomplete concerted evolution is responsible for the observed differences among different clones of a single Avena individual. The elimination of C-genome rRNA sequences and the resulting evolutionary inference of hexaploid species are discussed.
  Phylogenetic investigat...  
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Nous avons utilisé le gène matK et la région trnL‑F des plastes pour étudier les relations entre les espèces et les génomes de 82 spécimens d’Avena représentant 13 espèces diploïdes (génomes A et C), 6 espèces tétraploïdes (génomes AB et AC) et 4 espèces hexaploïdes (génome ACD) en vue d’inférer les voies évolutionnaires ayant mené aux différentes espèces d’Avena.
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We investigated the species and genome relationships among 82 Avena accessions representing thirteen diploid species (A and C genomes), six tetraploids (AB and AC genomes) and four hexaploids (ACD genome) to infer the evolutionary pathways in Avena using the plastid matK gene and the trnL-F region. The matK and trnL-F sequences pointed to the A-genome diploid species as maternal parents of the polyploid species. Furthermore, different A-genome diploid species might have served as the A genome donor of several different polyploid species. The probable ancestor of most hexaploid species, of the AC-genome tetraploids, and of the AB-genome species A. agadiriana was A. wiestii (As genome). The likely donor of the other three ABgenome tetraploids was A. hirtula (also As genome) and A. damascena (Ad genome) appears to be the A genome donor of the hexaploid A. fatua. The A genome origin of A. fatua differs from that for the other hexaploid Avena species, which is different from the common assumption that the hexaploid species evolved from a single hexaploid ancestor followed by gain or loss of domestication genes. Thus, several separate maternal lineages might be involved in different polyploid species.
  The evolution pattern o...  
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Nous examinons, ici, le polymorphisme inter et intragénomique des ITS chez 13 génomes diploïdes (génomes A et C), 7 génomes tétraploïdes (génomes AB, AC et CC) et 4 génomes hexaploïdes (génome ACD) en vue d’inférer l’étendue et la direction de l’évolution concertée, de même que pour déterminer les relations phylogénétiques et génomiques entre les espèces d’Avena.
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Ribosomal ITS sequences are commonly used for phylogenetic reconstruction because they are included in rDNA repeats, and these repeats often undergo rapid concerted evolution within and between arrays. Therefore, the rDNA ITS copies appear to be virtually identical and can sometimes be treated as a single gene. In this paper we examined ITS polymorphism within and among 13 diploid (A and C genomes), seven tetraploid (AB, AC and CC genomes) and four hexaploid (ACD genome) to infer the extent and direction of concerted evolution, and to reveal the phylogenetic and genome relationship among species of Avena. A total of 170 clones of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 fragment were sequenced to carry out haplotype and phylogenetic analysis. In addition, 111 Avena ITS sequences retrieved from GenBank were combined with 170 clones to construct a phylogeny and a netwok. We demonstrate the major divergence between the A and C genomes whereas the distinction among the A and B/D genomes was generally not possible. High affinity among the Ad genome species A. damascena and the ACD genome species A. fatua was found, whereas the rest of the ACD genome hexaploids and the AACC tetraploids were highly affiliated with the Al genome diploid A. longiglumis. One of the AACC species A. murphyi showed the closest relationship with most of the hexaploid species. Both Cv and Cp genome species have been proposed as paternal donors of the C-genome carrying polyploids. Incomplete concerted evolution is responsible for the observed differences among different clones of a single Avena individual. The elimination of C-genome rRNA sequences and the resulting evolutionary inference of hexaploid species are discussed.
  The evolution pattern o...  
Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL
Nous examinons, ici, le polymorphisme inter et intragénomique des ITS chez 13 génomes diploïdes (génomes A et C), 7 génomes tétraploïdes (génomes AB, AC et CC) et 4 génomes hexaploïdes (génome ACD) en vue d’inférer l’étendue et la direction de l’évolution concertée, de même que pour déterminer les relations phylogénétiques et génomiques entre les espèces d’Avena.
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Ribosomal ITS sequences are commonly used for phylogenetic reconstruction because they are included in rDNA repeats, and these repeats often undergo rapid concerted evolution within and between arrays. Therefore, the rDNA ITS copies appear to be virtually identical and can sometimes be treated as a single gene. In this paper we examined ITS polymorphism within and among 13 diploid (A and C genomes), seven tetraploid (AB, AC and CC genomes) and four hexaploid (ACD genome) to infer the extent and direction of concerted evolution, and to reveal the phylogenetic and genome relationship among species of Avena. A total of 170 clones of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 fragment were sequenced to carry out haplotype and phylogenetic analysis. In addition, 111 Avena ITS sequences retrieved from GenBank were combined with 170 clones to construct a phylogeny and a netwok. We demonstrate the major divergence between the A and C genomes whereas the distinction among the A and B/D genomes was generally not possible. High affinity among the Ad genome species A. damascena and the ACD genome species A. fatua was found, whereas the rest of the ACD genome hexaploids and the AACC tetraploids were highly affiliated with the Al genome diploid A. longiglumis. One of the AACC species A. murphyi showed the closest relationship with most of the hexaploid species. Both Cv and Cp genome species have been proposed as paternal donors of the C-genome carrying polyploids. Incomplete concerted evolution is responsible for the observed differences among different clones of a single Avena individual. The elimination of C-genome rRNA sequences and the resulting evolutionary inference of hexaploid species are discussed.
  L'industrie canadienne...  
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