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A més, una roca del tipus de la breccia, anomenada foscorita i carbonatita congregada era emplaçada dintre del pegmatoide central (3) la mineralització de coure va ocórrer més endavant via els líquids ascendents (1.) el complex de Phalaborwa és únic en que és l'únic dipòsit de coure allotjat en carbonatita econòmicament viable del món(4) les inclusions estudiades en apatita de foscorita i piroxè trobat en la piroxenita de la base meridional del complex de Palaborwa contenen portlandita, sulfats i fluorita, l'acció dels quals com components que fonen explica l'origen dels magmes de baixa temperatura de carbonatita, fins i tot amb continguts moderats d'àlcalis (2.) allí hi ha una xarxa de dics de dolerita travessant les roques intrusives del complex.
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The formation of the Phalaborwa Complex is as fascinating as its mineral assemblage. Geologists tell us that around 2 billion years ago a carbonate rich magma intruded the granitic country rock welling up along fissures. The intrusion created a pipe-like complex largely concentrically arranged consisting of mainly pyroxenite, syenite and carbonatite. The intrusion occurred in several stages, with the pyroxenite interacting with the country rock forming a felsphathic pyroxenite along the area of contact between the two different rock masses (3) It seems that several plugs of syenite was also injected into the granite. This was followed by the formation of a course-grained pegmatoid emplaced in the pyroxenite. Additionally, a breccia-like rock, called phoscorite and banded carbonatite were emplaced within the central pegmatoid (3) Copper mineralization took place later via ascending fluids (1.) The Phalaborwa Complex is unique in that it is the only economically viable carbonatite-hosted copper deposit in the world(4) Inclusions studied in apatite from phoscorite and pyroxene found in the pyroxenite of the southern core of the Palaborwa Complex bear portlandite, sulfates, and fluorite, whose action as fluxing components explains the origin of the low-temperature carbonatite magmas, even at moderate contents of alkalis (2.) There is a network of dolerite dykes crosscutting the intrusive rocks of the Complex. The important role of water is highlighted by the occurrence of zeolites in the crystalline inclusions found in the dolerite dykes (2.) The age of the dykes is of Waterberg age (1.6 billion years) and varies in width and depth from a few centimeters to 50 meters (5.)
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