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  Egipt Starożytny - Pira...  
wysokość muru: 10.5 m
height of wall: 10.5 m
  Egipt Starożytny - Pira...  
wysokość muru: 10,5 m
wall around complex:
  Egipt Starożytny - Nekr...  
Niemal kwadratowy grobowiec o wymiarach wewnętrznych: 13,20x11,80x2,70 [m], a zewnętrznych: 18,3x17,0 [m], grubość muru: 2,6 m. W czasach starożytnych grób został spalony, a odrestaurowany za XVIII dynastii, zaczął być otaczany czcią, jako grób Ozyrysa.
Nearly square-shaped tomb of internal measures: 13,20 x 11,80 x 2,70 m and external measures: 18,3 x 17,0 m, walls thickness: 2,6 m. Burnt in antiquity and restored under the XVIII dynasty became a cult centre as a tomb of Osiris. Here was found a collection of various objects and pieces of equipment, among others stela with royal serekch and mummified human arm, adorned with four bracelets bearing serekchs of the king. The tomb is surrounded with 318 satellite chambers.
  Egipt Starożytny - Pira...  
Kompleks piramidy nie wykazuje żadnych śladów muru zewnętrznego. Po wschodniej stronie piramidy znaleziono ślady świątyni grobowej, jednak tak zrujnowane, że jej rekonstrukcja jest dziś niemożliwa. To samo odnosi się do ruin budowli, położonej kilkaset metrów od piramidy, być może świątyni doliny.
Interestingly, the necropolis of the Layer pyramid shows no traces of an enclosure wall. At its eastern site, the pyramid shows traces of a mortuary temple, but the archaeological traces are so scarce, that any closer examination and more precise reconstruction is impossible today. The same goes for the ruins of a building several hundred metres away from the pyramid, it might have been the valley temple. An eastern position of the building would be unusual, though. Around 200 m from the pyramid, a huge mastaba can be found, it's today known as Mastaba Z500. Inside this mastaba several stone bowls with the horus name of king Khaba were found.
  Egipt Starożytny - Pira...  
W obrębie otaczającego go muru początkowo o wymiarach185 x 262 m, powiększonego w późniejszej fazie tak, by osiągnął rozmiary zespołu Dżesera, tylko stopień najniższy z zaplanowanych siedmiu został ukończony.
The mortuary complex might have been designed by Imhothep, the architect of Djoser. It had been left unfinished and the ruins were discovered by Zahi Goneim in 1951. Of the enclosure wall, originally of dimensions 185 x 262 m and extended later so that it achieved dimensions of the Djoser's mortuary complex, of total seven steps planned, only the lowest one had been completed. Below the pyramid there is 80 m long corridor with 32 m deep funerary chamber at its end. At the moment of discovery sarcophagus was sealed but empty. From the corridor runs a passage to a gallery with 132 chambers. At the bottom of one of the shafts running from funerary corridor there was a foundation deposit - gold armlets and box for lip paint. Mastaba localized south of the pyramid comprises so called south tomb with a burial of child (T. Schneider).
  Egipt Starożytny - Pira...  
W obrębie otaczającego go muru początkowo o wymiarach185 x 262 m, powiększonego w późniejszej fazie tak, by osiągnął rozmiary zespołu Dżesera, tylko stopień najniższy z zaplanowanych siedmiu został ukończony.
The mortuary complex might have been designed by Imhothep, the architect of Djoser. It had been left unfinished and the ruins were discovered by Zahi Goneim in 1951. Of the enclosure wall, originally of dimensions 185 x 262 m and extended later so that it achieved dimensions of the Djoser's mortuary complex, of total seven steps planned, only the lowest one had been completed. Below the pyramid there is 80 m long corridor with 32 m deep funerary chamber at its end. At the moment of discovery sarcophagus was sealed but empty. From the corridor runs a passage to a gallery with 132 chambers. At the bottom of one of the shafts running from funerary corridor there was a foundation deposit - gold armlets and box for lip paint. Mastaba localized south of the pyramid comprises so called south tomb with a burial of child. More...>>>
  Egipt Starożytny - Tanis  
Droga procesyjna prowadziła do muru otaczającego kompleks (370x430 m i 15 m grubości, budowanego sukcesywne od Nektanebo II po czasy Ptolemeusza II, zastępując mniejszą budowlę Psusennesa I. Wejście na teren świątyni prowadziło przez monumentalną bramę, wzniesioną przez Szeszonka III a wykonaną z bloków granitowych pochodzących z wcześniejszych budowli (które zostały częściowo odrestaurowane).
The main temple was dedicated to Amun . A processional way led to the enclosure wall (370x430 m and 15m thick), build by successive from Nectanebo II to Ptolemy II, replacing a smaller enclosure of Psusennes I. Entrance was through a monumental gateway of Sheshonq III built of granite blocks from earlier buildings (which have been partially reconstructed). Parts of colossal statue of Ramesses II, 21-30 m high, of granite and weighing c. 1000 tones, which originated in Pi-Ramesses, were found here. Inside the forecourt, behind the gateway, is a hall with four monolithic palm columns, more than 11 m tall (possibly usurped from a temple of the Middle Kingdom).They were surrounded by smaller papyrus column. From here, a processional way led to the first pylon, no longer in existence, built of limestone by Osorkon III. Behind the first pylon was an enclosed courtyard with an obelisk of Ramesses II, 17 m high, standing at rear in front of the second pylon. Behind the latter was the second courtyard, in which were found two colossal sphinxes of Amenemhat II, the
  Egipt Starożytny - Pira...  
Kompleks piramidy Dżesera jest otoczony murem z białego wapienia z Tura, wysokim na 10,5 m. Konstrukcja muru przypomina wyglądem groby z okresu I dynastii, z charakterystycznymi panelami nawiązującymi do fasady pałacu, symbolizującymi wiązki trzciny.
The Djoser complex is surrounded by a wall of light Tura limestone 10.5m high. The wall design recalls the appearance of Ist Dynasty tombs, with the distinctive paneled construction known as the palace façade, which imitates bound bundles of reeds. The overall structure imitates mudbrick. The wall is interrupted by 14 doors, however only one entrance, in the south corner of the east façade, is functional for the living. This arrangement resembles Early Dynastic funerary enclosures at Abydos in which the entrance was on the east side. The remaining doors are known as false doors, and were meant for the king’s use in the afterlife. They functioned as portals through which the king’s ka could pass between life and the afterlife. The functional door at the southeast end of the complex leads to a narrow passageway that connects to the roofed colonnade. Outside the enclosure wall Djoser’s complex is completely surrounded by a trench dug in the underlying rock. The trench measures 750 m long and 40 m wide and is a rectangle on a North-South axis. The walls of the trench were originally decorated with niches and its function seems to have been to make entry into the complex more difficult.
  Egipt Starożytny - Pira...  
Po wewnętrznej stronie, na wysokości 5 metrów znajdowały się wąskie wgłębienia dekorowane reliefem. W pewnej odległości od muru "wewnętrznego" postawiono drugi, "zewnętrzny" mur, który otaczał groby członków rodziny królewskiej.
Senweseret I erected his pyramid in el-Lisht, about 1.5 kilometers south of Amenemhat I's. It was called Senweseret looks down on both lands. Limestone from the nearby quarries was the chief material used. A stone masonry framework supported the core, which rested on a foundation platform of stone blocks. The empty space inside the framework was filled with fragments of limestone, sand, and waste material from the construction site. The casing of blocks of fine whiote limestone was firmly anchored in a flat trench dyg around the pyramid's base. The entrance to the underground part of the pyramid was in the pavement of the courtyard, in front of the middle of the pyramid's north side. A descending corridor, at the entrance was sheated in granite, and the barriers of onormous blocks of the same stone, weighting as much as 20 tons, is till there. Arnold estimates that the burial chamber lay about 24 meters under ground level. The pyramid was surrounded by an inner perimeter wall, which build of limestone blocks. It was absolutly inique. On its inner side, at intervals of five meters, there were narrow panels decorated with images in bas-relief. Somewhat farther away was the outer perimeter wall, which surrounded the tombs of the members of the royal family as well. More...>>>