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Piešiniams jis rinkosi temas ir motyvus iš įvairių kasdienio gyvenimo sričių – vaizdavo dvarininkų, miestiečių, valstiečių buitį, įvairių luomų ir profesijų atstovus jų veiklos, darbų ar poilsio metu, siekė įamžinti skirtingų tautų ir socialinių grupių atstovams būdingą elgseną, kostiumus.
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J. Rustem mastered different drawing techniques using pencils, chalk, pens, paintbrushes, ink, sepia, bister and other methods. For his drawings, he chose subjects and motifs from different areas of life and depicted the domestic life of landlords, townspeople and peasants, displaying representatives from different social strata and professions during their activities, at work or rest. He attempted to immortalise the behaviour and typical dress of different nationalities and societal groups. In particular, J. Rustem often sketched Jewish people whose appearances and manners attracted attention in the streets of Vilnius. In many sketches, the artist immortalised particular events that were renowned in Vilnius at the time or episodes of daily life, easily recognisable because of the particular figures from Vilnius streets that were always abundant there. The expression and specific nature of some sketches is close to innocent grotesque. The perspective from which he sees is delightful and a little humorous, and he also treats himself with humour: a bright spot on a Turkish fez or a sharp profile known from the artist’s self-portraits appears in the colourful representation of Vilnius life at the time.
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