pd – -Translation – Keybot Dictionary

Spacer TTN Translation Network TTN TTN Login Deutsch Français Spacer Help
Source Languages Target Languages
Keybot 142 Results  scc.lexum.org
  document  
Ápar. 10.5pt ex.: [ind][ind][tab] [6 ’— Iq Ð ÐÂ X ÂÂ X ` ` ÂÂ X ¸ ¸ ÂÁ % ÁÆ(#¸ Æ Ð Ðûÿ 2 E \ X  C ] X øC ^ X PD _ X ¨D
Ápar. 10.5pt ex.: [ind][ind][tab] ]6 ’— Iq Ð ÐÂ X ÂÂ X ` ` ÂÂ X ¸ ¸ ÂÁ % ÁÆ(#¸ Æ Ð Ð
  document  
dPP˜˜d x d$¨¨ d ¨ @ Ì\ æ ‘ 7 t C 4 , ½ X t ô \ PŽ Z•Q X PÿÿÿþþþþÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿØ ÿÿ“ 5 p C 4 , ½OX p ô * f 9 xŽ #©Q X Xþþþþþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿ¤`¤`¤`¤`¤`¤l H H H8H X ”h€8€8€8 ˜l˜l˜l˜l l l ˜L˜L˜LlLlLlLlL„@„@ ¤l¤l¤l¤l¤lÿÿÿÿ˜XXXX  l€8˜l˜LlL„@˜X˜X l l¤l= d d@dddd„ dHH˜˜d x Xh,|X|@X@l4|H|H„X„XˆX= P P4PTTPp P8@||P d P$ˆˆ P ˆ 4 ¨ûÿ 2 Û ÿÿÔ m ÿÿl A ÿÿZ ­ ÿÿÔ " ‚ ÿÿÿÿm ÿÿ¬ ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÒ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ^,08€P t(@@Pˆ(4(TPPPPPPPPPP,,ˆˆˆL¤tlp|pd„€
dPP˜˜d x d$¨¨ d ¨ @ ÌTmsRmn 12pt (AD) TmsRmn 12pt Italic (AD) TmsRmn 10pt (AD) TmsRmn 10pt Italic (AD) Line Draw 12cpi (Full-LG) Line Printer 16.67cpi ûÿ 2 ñ X Ô ï ÿÿZ à ÿÿÔ \ ‘ 7 t C 4 , ½ X t ô \ PŽ Z•Q X Pÿÿÿþþ þÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿØ $ “ 5 p C 4 , ½OX p ô * f 9 xŽ #©Q X Xþþþþþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿ¢ ÿÿy . \ 8 , , ) óô \ ô \ PŽ R•Q ô Pþþþþþþþÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿ@ ÌHP LaserJet 500+ HPLAS500.PRS X t ô \ PŽ Z•Q , 8 ðXh,|X|@X@l4|H|H„X„XˆX= P P4PTTPp P8@||P d P$ˆˆ P ˆ 4 ¨ " ‚ ÿÿÿÿm ÿÿ¬ ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÒ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ^,44€Pœˆ(@@Pˆ(8(TPPPPPPPPPP,,ˆˆˆP |pt„td„ˆ
  Supreme Court of Canada...  
Supreme Court. “Practice Direction:  Television Coverage of Court Proceedings”. PD – 23, July 1, 2010 (online: http://www.courts.gov.bc.ca/Supreme_Court/practice_and_procedure/civil_practice_directions.aspx).
Règles de procédure de la Cour supérieure du Québec, chambre criminelle (2002), TR/2002‑46, règles 4, 7, 8A [aj. TR/2005‑19, (2005) 139 Gaz. Can. II, 417, art. 1], 8B [idem].
  document  
dûÿ 2 rG ÿÿO 6> ÿÿO …@ ÿÿO ÔB ÿÿO #E " ‚ m ‚ Û + ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ^:Lpdd¨œDDDdp4D48ddddddddddDDpppd¨„„„„„œLd„|°|„p|„°„||D8DpdDddXdXDdp88d8œpdddLL8pX„dXLD,DpéD4pp DDD 4 DDDDDD dDd8 „d„d„d„d„d¼„X„X„X„X„XL8L8L8L8pddddpppp|X„dddd|Xd|d„d„d„d„X„X„X„X”„X„X„X„XddddddœpœpL8L8L8L8¤pd „d|8|h|8|L|8pŒppdd¼„L„L„LpLpLpLpL|l|8|8pppppp°„|X|L|L|L d|8p„LpL|8|X|X”dp 4 dd C 8CWŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddNHxxH ddLdddddÀd4
dûÿ 2 6I ÿÿO ú? ÿÿO IB ÿÿO ˜D ÿÿO çF " ‚ m ‚ Û + ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ^:Lpdd¨œDDDdp4D48ddddddddddDDpppd¨„„„„„œLd„|°|„p|„°„||D8DpdDddXdXDdp88d8œpdddLL8pX„dXLD,DpéD4pp DDD 4 DDDDDD dDd8 „d„d„d„d„d¼„X„X„X„X„XL8L8L8L8pddddpppp|X„dddd|Xd|d„d„d„d„X„X„X„X”„X„X„X„XddddddœpœpL8L8L8L8¤pd „d|8|h|8|L|8pŒppdd¼„L„L„LpLpLpLpL|l|8|8pppppp°„|X|L|L|L d|8p„LpL|8|X|X”dp 4 dd C 8CWŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddNHxxH ddLdddddÀd4
  document  
dTimes New Roman Times New Roman Italic Times New Roman Bold Times New Roman Bold Italic ûÿ 2 “M O LD O ›F ÿÿZ êH O DK " ‚ m ‚ Û + ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ^:Lpdd¨œDDDdp4D48ddddddddddDDpppd¨„„„„„œLd„|°|„p|„°„||D8DpdDddXdXDdp88d8œpdddLL8pX„dXLD,DpéD4pp DDD 4 DDDDDD dDd8 „d„d„d„d„d¼„X„X„X„X„XL8L8L8L8pddddpppp|X„dddd|Xd|d„d„d„d„X„X„X„X”„X„X„X„XddddddœpœpL8L8L8L8¤pd „d|8|h|8|L|8pŒppdd¼„L„L„LpLpLpLpL|l|8|8pppppp°„|X|L|L|L d|8p„LpL|8|X|X”dp 4 dd C 8CWŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddNHxxH ddLdddddÀd4
dTimes New Roman Times New Roman Italic Times New Roman Bold Times New Roman Bold Italic ûÿ 2 ?P O øF O GI ÿÿZ –K O ðM " ‚ m ‚ Û + ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ^:Lpdd¨œDDDdp4D48ddddddddddDDpppd¨„„„„„œLd„|°|„p|„°„||D8DpdDddXdXDdp88d8œpdddLL8pX„dXLD,DpéD4pp DDD 4 DDDDDD dDd8 „d„d„d„d„d¼„X„X„X„X„XL8L8L8L8pddddpppp|X„dddd|Xd|d„d„d„d„X„X„X„X”„X„X„X„XddddddœpœpL8L8L8L8¤pd „d|8|h|8|L|8pŒppdd¼„L„L„LpLpLpLpL|l|8|8pppppp°„|X|L|L|L d|8p„LpL|8|X|X”dp 4 dd C 8CWŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddNHxxH ddLdddddÀd4
  document  
d " ‚ m ‚ Û + ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ^:DpddȨDDDdp4D48ddddddddddDDpppd¼„„|œœLdœ„¼œ|œp„È„D8DtdDdpXpXDdp8Dp8¨pdppXLDpdddXP,PhéD4ht DDD 4 DDDDDD dDp8 dddddȐX„X„X„X„XJ8J8J8J8pœdœdœdœdppppddpšdœdddzpdddXXXX”„X„X„X„XœdœdœdœdœdœdœpœpL8L8L8L8¢pd œp„8„Z„8„P„8pppœdœdƐXXXpLpLpLpL„f„D„DppppppȐd„X„X„X p„8pXpL„Ddd’œdp 4 dd C 6CWŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxNHxxH jdDdddddÀd
d " ‚ m ‚ Û + ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ^:DTdd¨œDDDdˆ4D48ddddddddddDDˆˆˆd¸||„||DX„p¨„||dp|¨|ppL8LTdDddXdX8dd88X8ddddLL8dX„XXLP8PléD4lT DDD 4 DDDDDD dDd8 |d|d|d|d|d°„„X|X|X|X|XD8D8D8D8„dddddddddpX|ddddpXd|d|d|d|d„X„X„X„Xx|X|X|X|XddddddddD8D8D8D8˜dX „Xp8pHp8p@p8„d„t„d„ddd¼„|L|L|LdLdLdLdLpHp8p8dddddd¨„pXpLpLpL dp8„d|LdLp8pXpXxdd 4 dd C ,CWŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddNHxxH hdLdddddÄd8@˜˜d
  document  
dûÿ 2 w" O  O Î Z ÿÿ, [ " ‚ m ‚ Û + ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ^:Lpdd¨œDDDdp4D48ddddddddddDDpppd¨„„„„„œLd„|°|„p|„°„||D8DpdDddXdXDdp88d8œpdddLL8pX„dXLD,DpéD4pp DDD 4 DDDDDD dDd8 „d„d„d„d„d¼„X„X„X„X„XL8L8L8L8pddddpppp|X„dddd|Xd|d„d„d„d„X„X„X„X”„X„X„X„XddddddœpœpL8L8L8L8¤pd „d|8|h|8|L|8pŒppdd¼„L„L„LpLpLpLpL|l|8|8pppppp°„|X|L|L|L d|8p„LpL|8|X|X”dp 4 dd C 8CWŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddNHxxH ddLdddddÀd4
d " ‚ m ‚ Û + ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ^:Lpdd¨œDDDdp4D48ddddddddddDDpppd¨„„„„„œLd„|°|„p|„°„||D8DpdDddXdXDdp88d8œpdddLL8pX„dXLD,DpéD4pp DDD 4 DDDDDD dDd8 „d„d„d„d„d¼„X„X„X„X„XL8L8L8L8pddddpppp|X„dddd|Xd|d„d„d„d„X„X„X„X”„X„X„X„XddddddœpœpL8L8L8L8¤pd „d|8|h|8|L|8pŒppdd¼„L„L„LpLpLpLpL|l|8|8pppppp°„|X|L|L|L d|8p„LpL|8|X|X”dp 4 dd C 8CWŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddNHxxH ddLdddddÀd4
  document  
\ 8 , , ) óô \ ô \ PŽ R•Q ô Pþþþþþþþÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿ þ ‘ 7 t C 4 , uX t ô \ PŽ Z•Q X Pÿÿÿþþ þÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿø ÿÿ— 1 d d d , : H/& d ª H @Ž ' X @þþþþþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿ Æ { , X 8 , , T ¼ô X ô * f 9 xŽ #­Q ô Xþþþþþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿ ÿÿ— 1 d d d , : H/& d ª H @Ž ' X Pþþþþþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿ " ‚ ÿÿÿÿm ÿÿ¬ ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÒ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ^,08€P t(@@Pˆ(4(TPPPPPPPPPP,,ˆˆˆL¤tlp|pd„€
dPP˜˜d x d$¨¨ d ¨ @ Ì\ 4 ‘ 7 t C 4 , ½ X t ô \ PŽ Z•Q X Pÿÿÿþþ þÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿØ G “ 5 p C 4 , ½OX p ô * f 9 xŽ #©Q X Xþþþþþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿ¢ ÿÿy . \ 8 , , ) óô \ ô \ PŽ R•Q ô Pþþþþþþþÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿ C 4 , uX t ô \ PŽ Z•Q X Pÿÿÿþþ þÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿYXh,|X|@X@l4|H|H„X„XˆX= P P4PTTPp P8@||P d P$ˆˆ P ˆ 4 ¨ûÿ 2 ï ÿÿT m Ô Á ÿÿZ • ÿÿ« N TmsRmn 12pt (AD) TmsRmn 12pt Italic (AD) TmsRmn 10pt (AD) Line Draw 12cpi (Full-LG) " ‚ ÿÿÿÿm ÿÿ¬ ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÒ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ^,44€Pœˆ(@@Pˆ(8(TPPPPPPPPPP,,ˆˆˆP |pt„td„ˆ
  document  
dCourier Times New Roman Times New Roman Italic Times New Roman Bold Times New Roman Bold Italic ûÿ 2 #S ÿÿO ÚH ÿÿO )K ÿÿO xM ÿÿ\ ÇO " ‚ m ‚ Û + ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ^:DpddȨDDDdp4D48ddddddddddDDpppd¼„„|œœLdœ„¼œ|œp„È„D8DtdDdpXpXDdp8Dp8¨pdppXLDpdddXP,PhéD4ht DDD 4 DDDDDD dDp8 dddddȐX„X„X„X„XJ8J8J8J8pœdœdœdœdppppddpšdœdddzpdddXXXX”„X„X„X„XœdœdœdœdœdœdœpœpL8L8L8L8¢pd œp„8„Z„8„P„8pppœdœdƐXXXpLpLpLpL„f„D„DppppppȐd„X„X„X p„8pXpL„Ddd’œdp 4 dd C 6CWŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxNHxxH jdDdddddÀd
d " ‚ m ‚ Û + ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ^.6@PP†}666PZ*6*-PPPPPPPPPP--ZZZF“sjjscZss6=scssZsjZcss–ssc6-6JP6FPFPF6PP--P-}PPPP6=-PPsPPFM MVé6*VJ 666 * 666666 66P- sFsFsFsFsFhjFcFcFcFcF6-6-6-6-sPsPsPsPsPsPsPsPsPsPsFsPsNsPsPsPZPsFsFsFjFjFjFjFsecFcFcFcFsPsPsPsPsPsPsPsP6-6-6-6-pZ= sPc-c@c-c6c-sPs^sPsPsPsPsj6j6j6Z=Z=Z=Z=cCc-c-sPsPsPsPsPsP–ssPcFcFcF sPc-sPj6Z=c-sPsPsesPsP * PP 5 5WppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddN:``: JP6FPPPPšP-3zzP03zzPz0 66 FFP 77` PPby : ``: _……ZZ  6F P †   0"jjjjzz“  Pz `]VPZ``  P " ‚ m ‚ Û + ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ^:DPdd¨œDDDdp4D48dddddddddd88pppX¸„„|pDL|°p„p|¼|D8D\dDsjjscZss6=scssZsjZcss–ssc`(`léD4l\ DDD 4 DDDDDD DDd8 XXXXX°‚„X|X|X|X|XD8D8D8D8ddddddddddXdbdddpdXXX„X„X„X„X~|X|X|X|XddddddddD8D8D8D8ŒpL d|8|P|8|D|8dvdddd°„D„D„DpLpLpLpL|T|8|8dddddd¼d|X|X|X d|8d„DpL|8dd~dd 4 dd C $CWŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddNHxxH \dDXddddÀd8@˜˜d
  document  
, xà U ô \ PŽ 6G ; à Pþþþþþþþÿþÿÿÿþÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ Ý ‘ 7 j C : , ’…X j ô \ PŽ 6G ; X Pþþþþþþþÿþÿÿÿþÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ˜ Ü “ 5 h C : , ½½X h ô * f 9 xŽ r G ; X Xþþþþþþþÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ Þ ‘ 7 n C : , / „4X n ô 4 pŽ –ÂG ; X þþþþþþþÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿt , X 5 . , / Ûà X ô 4 pŽ –ÂG ; à þþþþþþþÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ è ‘ 7 n C : , / „4X n ô 4 pŽ –ÂG ; X þþþþþþþÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿZ ÿÿ’ 6 j C : , D E3X j ô ¶ è 9 xŽ OG ; X ˜þþþþþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ} P } P } P } P } P } P } Z } Z = - = - = - = - ‚ Z P } Z j - j H j - j @ j - s ûÿ 2 ÿÿO US ÿÿz Q ¤U " ‚ m ‚ Û + ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ^:Lpdd¨œDDDdp4D48ddddddddddDDpppd¨„„„„„œLd„|°|„p|„°„||D8DpdDddXdXDdp88d8œpdddLL8pX„dXLD,DpéD4pp DDD 4 DDDDDD dDd8 „d„d„d„d„d¼„X„X„X„X„XL8L8L8L8pddddpppp|X„dddd|Xd|d„d„d„d„X„X„X„X”„X„X„X„XddddddœpœpL8L8L8L8¤pd „d|8|h|8|L|8pŒppdd¼„L„L„LpLpLpLpL|l|8|8pppppp°„|X|L|L|L d|8p„LpL|8|X|X”dp 4 dd C 8CWŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddNHxxH ddLdddddÀd4
dl ÿÿ‰ ? x x x , 2ô x þ 6 X @É ¹`7 û X @þþþþþþþÿþÿÿÿþÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÞ å ‘ 7 j C : , ’…X j ô \ PŽ 6G ; X Pþþþþþþþÿ ÿÿÿ ÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÞ ÿÿt , U 5 . , xà U ô \ PŽ 6G ; à Pþþþþþþþÿþÿÿÿþÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ æ ‘ 7 j C : , ’…X j ô \ PŽ 6G ; X Pþþþþþþþÿþÿÿÿþÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ˜ ç “ 5 h C : , ½½X h ô * f 9 xŽ r G ; X Xþþþþþþþÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿ‘ 7 n C : , / „4X n ô 4 pŽ –ÂG ; X þþþþþþþÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ " ‚ m ‚ Û + ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ^:DpddȨDDDdp4D48ddddddddddDDpppd¼„„|œœLdœ„¼œ|œp„È„D8DtdDdpXpXDdp8Dp8¨pdppXLDpdddXP,PhéD4ht DDD 4 DDDDDD dDp8 dddddȐX„X„X„X„XJ8J8J8J8pœdœdœdœdppppddpšdœdddzpdddXXXX”„X„X„X„XœdœdœdœdœdœdœpœpL8L8L8L8¢pd œp„8„Z„8„P„8pppœdœdƐXXXpLpLpLpL„f„D„DppppppȐd„X„X„X p„8pXpL„Ddd’œdp 4 dd C 6CWŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxNHxxH jdDdddddÀd
  document  
d " ‚ m ‚ Û + ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ^.6ZPP †666PZ*6*-PPPPPPPPPP66ZZZP–sjssjc}}=P}j–s}c}sZjss ssj6-6]P6PZFZF6PZ-6Z-†ZPZZF=6ZPsPPF@#@Sé6*S] 666 * 666666 P6Z- sPsPsPsPsP ssFjFjFjFjF;-;-;-;-sZ}P}P}P}PsZsZsZsZsPsPsZ{P}PsPsPbZsPsPsPsFsFsFsFsvjFjFjFjF}P}P}P}P}P}P}Z}Z=-=-=-=-‚ZP }Zj-jHj-j@j-sZsssZsZ}P}PžssFsFsFZ=Z=Z=Z=jRj6j6sZsZsZsZsZsZ ssPjFjFjF sZj-sZsFZ=j6sPsPsu}PsZ * PP 5 +5WppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxN:``: UP6PPPPPšP06zzP06vvPz0 66 PPP 77` PP by : ``: e……ZZ  6P P †   0"jjjjzz“  Pz `^VPZ``  P " ‚ m ‚ Û + ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ^:DpddȨDDDdp4D48ddddddddddDDpppd¼„„|œœLdœ„¼œ|œp„È„D8DtdDsjssjc}}=P}j–s}c}sZjss ssjP,PhéD4ht DDD 4 DDDDDD dDp8 dddddȐX„X„X„X„XJ8J8J8J8pœdœdœdœdppppddpšdœdddzpdddXXXX”„X„X„X„XœdœdœdœdœdœdœpœpL8L8L8L8¢pd œp„8„Z„8„P„8pppœdœdƐXXXpLpLpLpL„f„D„DppppppȐd„X„X„X p„8pXpL„Ddd’œdp 4 dd C 6CWŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxNHxxH jdDdddddÀd
dûÿ 2 ÿÿZ •= ÿÿO ï? ÿÿN Q >B l ÿÿ‰ ? x x x , 2ô x þ 6 X @É ¹`7 û X @þþþþþþþÿþÿÿÿþÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÞ ¥ ‘ 7 j C : , ’…X j ô \ PŽ 6G ; X Pþþþþþþþÿ ÿÿÿ ÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÞ ÿÿt , U 5 . , xà U ô \ PŽ 6G ; à Pþþþþþþþÿþÿÿÿþÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ¦ ‘ 7 j C : , ’…X j ô \ PŽ 6G ; X Pþþþþþþþÿþÿÿÿþÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ˜ § “ 5 h C : , ½½X h ô * f 9 xŽ r G ; X Xþþþþþþþÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿ‘ 7 n C : , / „4X n ô 4 pŽ –ÂG ; X þþþþþþþÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ " ‚ m ‚ Û + ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ^:DpddȨDDDdp4D48ddddddddddDDpppd¼„„|œœLdœ„¼œ|œp„È„D8DtdDdpXpXDdp8Dp8¨pdppXLDpdddXP,PhéD4ht DDD 4 DDDDDD dDp8 dddddȐX„X„X„X„XJ8J8J8J8pœdœdœdœdppppddpšdœdddzpdddXXXX”„X„X„X„XœdœdœdœdœdœdœpœpL8L8L8L8¢pd œp„8„Z„8„P„8pppœdœdƐXXXpLpLpLpL„f„D„DppppppȐd„X„X„X p„8pXpL„Ddd’œdp 4 dd C 6CWŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxNHxxH jdDdddddÀd
  Supreme Court of Canada...  
British Columbia recently adopted new rules, but it is too soon to assess their effectiveness (Supreme Court of British Columbia, “Practice Direction: Television Coverage of Court Proceedings”, PD – 23, July 1, 2010 (online)).
[95] Je souligne que la plupart des provinces ont également adopté des mesures visant à limiter les activités journalistiques à l’extérieur des salles d’audience (par exemple, l’Ontario interdit toute prise d’image d’une personne dans un palais de justice s’il existe des motifs valables de croire qu’elle se rend à une audience ou la quitte (Loi sur les tribunaux judiciaires, L.R.O. 1990, ch. C.43, sous-al. 136(1)a)(iii)); la Nouvelle-Écosse a désigné des zones pour l’utilisation des caméras sur les différents étages des palais de justice visés, et les entrevues doivent se tenir à des endroits déterminés (Guidelines for Press, Media, and Public Access to the Courts of Nova Scotia, Appendix A (2008) (en ligne)).  La Colombie-Britannique a récemment adopté de nouvelles règles, mais il est trop tôt pour évaluer leur efficacité (Cour suprême de la Colombie-Britannique, « Practice Direction : Television Coverage of Court Proceedings », PD – 23, 1er juillet 2010 (en ligne)). Pour ce qui est de la diffusion des enregistrements des audiences, toutes les provinces réglementent cette question.
  document  
dûÿ 2 ~ O ½ ÿÿj ÿÿ® v ÿÿZ $ " ‚ m ‚ Û + ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ^:DpddȨDDDdp4D48ddddddddddDDpppd¼„„|œœLdœ„¼œ|œp„È„D8DtdDdpXpXDdp8Dp8¨pdppXLDpdddXP,PhéD4ht DDD 4 DDDDDD dDp8 dddddȐX„X„X„X„XJ8J8J8J8pœdœdœdœdppppddpšdœdddzpdddXXXX”„X„X„X„Xœdœdœdœdœdœdœp L8L8L8L8¢pd œp„8„Z„8„P„8pppœdœdƐXXXpLpLpLpL„f„D ppppppȐd„X„X„X p„8pXpL„Ddd’œdp 4 dd C 6CWŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxNHxxH jdDdddddÀd
d " ‚ m ‚ Û + ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ^:Lpdd¨œDDDdp4D48ddddddddddDDpppd¨„„„„„œLd„|°|„p|„°„||D8DpdDddXdXDdp88d8œpdddLL8pX„dXLD,DpéD4pp DDD 4 DDDDDD dDd8 „d„d„d„d„d¼„X„X„X„X„XL8L8L8L8pddddpppp|X„dddd|Xd|d„d„d„d„X„X„X„X”„X„X„X„Xddddddœp L8L8L8L8¤pd „d|8|h|8|L|8pŒppdd¼„L„L„LpLpLpLpL|l|8 pppppp°„|X|L|L|L d|8p„LpL|8|X|X”dp 4 dd C 8CWŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddNHxxH ddLdddddÀd4
  document  
dûÿ 2 D ÿÿX @ ÿÿ ‡ O sA X ÂC Þ ‘ 7 j C : , ’…X j ô \ PŽ 6G ; X Pþþþþþþþÿ ÿÿÿ ÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ˜ “ 5 h C : , ½½X h ô * f 9 xŽ r G ; X Xþþþþþþþÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ‘ 7 n C : , ' „4X n ô 4 pŽ –ÂG ; X þþþþþþþÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿZ ÿÿ’ 6 j C : , E3X j ô ¶ è 9 xŽ OG ; X ˜þþþþþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ " ‚ m ‚ Û + ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ^:DpddȨDDDdp4D48ddddddddddDDpppd¼„„|œœLdœ„¼œ|œp„È„D8DtdDdpXpXDdp8Dp8¨pdppXLDpdddXP,PhéD4ht DDD 4 DDDDDD dDp8 dddddȐX„X„X„X„XJ8J8J8J8pœdœdœdœdppppddpšdœdddzpdddXXXX”„X„X„X„XœdœdœdœdœdœdœpœpL8L8L8L8¢pd œp„8„Z„8„P„8pppœdœdƐXXXpLpLpLpL„f„D„DppppppȐd„X„X„X p„8pXpL„Ddd’œdp 4 dd C 6CWŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxNHxxH jdDdddddÀd
dûÿ 2 ÆF a ÇB ÿÿ ‡ O D ÿÿX nF Times New Roman Times New Roman Italic Times New Roman Bold Times New Roman Bold Italic CG Times : , ½½X h ô * f 9 xŽ r G ; X Xþþþþþþþÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ‘ 7 n C : , ' „4X n ô 4 pŽ –ÂG ; X þþþþþþþÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿZ ÿÿ’ 6 j C : , E3X j ô ¶ è 9 xŽ OG ; X ˜þþþþþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ " ‚ m ‚ Û + ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ^:DpddȨDDDdp4D48ddddddddddDDpppd¼„„|œœLdœ„¼œ|œp„È„D8DtdDdpXpXDdp8Dp8¨pdppXLDpdddXP,PhéD4ht DDD 4 DDDDDD dDp8 dddddȐX„X„X„X„XJ8J8J8J8pœdœdœdœdppppddpšdœdddzpdddXXXX”„X„X„X„XœdœdœdœdœdœdœpœpL8L8L8L8¢pd œp„8„Z„8„P„8pppœdœdƐXXXpLpLpLpL„f„D„DppppppȐd„X„X„X p„8pXpL„Ddd’œdp 4 dd C 6CWŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxNHxxH jdDdddddÀd
  document  
ÿÿO ½0 " ‚ m ‚ Û + ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ^:Lpdd¨œDDDdp4D48ddddddddddDDpppd¨„„„„„œLd„|°|„p|„°„||D8DpdDddXdXDdp88d8œpdddLL8pX„dXLD,DpéD4pp DDD 4 DDDDDD dDd8 „d„d„d„d„d¼„X„X„X„X„XL8L8L8L8pddddpppp|X„dddd|Xd|d„d„d„d„X„X„X„X”„X„X„X„XddddddœpœpL8L8L8L8¤pd „d|8|h|8|L|8pŒppdd¼„L„L„LpLpLpLpL|l|8|8pppppp°„|X|L|L|L d|8p„LpL|8|X|X”dp 4 dd C 8CWŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddNHxxH ddLdddddÀd4
dûÿ 2 ³9 ÿÿ\ >3 ÿÿO š6 0 Y é8 1 q B9 l ÿÿ‰ ? x x x , 2ô x þ 6 X @É ¹`7 û X @þþþþþþþÿþÿÿÿþÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÞ L ‘ 7 j C : , ’…X j ô \ PŽ 6G ; X Pþþþþþ þÿ ÿÿÿ ÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÞ ÿÿt , U 5 . , xà U ô \ PŽ 6G ; à Pþþþþþþþÿþÿÿÿþÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ M ‘ 7 j C : , ’…X j ô \ PŽ 6G ; X Pþþþþþþþÿþÿÿÿþÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ˜ N “ 5 h C : , ½½X h ô * f 9 xŽ r G ; X Xþþþþþþþÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ O ‘ 7 n C : , / „4X n ô 4 pŽ –ÂG ; X þþþþþþþÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿt , X 5 . , / Ûà X ô 4 pŽ –ÂG ; à þþþþþþþÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ P ‘ 7 n C : , / „4X n ô 4 pŽ –ÂG ; X þþþþþþþÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿZ Q ’ 6 j C : , D E3X j ô ¶ è 9 xŽ OG ; X ˜þþþþþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÞ ÿÿW ! @ ( # , ‘Òh @ ô \ PŽ 6G ; h Pþþþþþþþÿþÿÿÿþÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ " ‚ m ‚ Û + ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ^#)0
  document  
Átitle 10.5pt, all indent 1 m V µÅ +¹ РРX ÂÆ(# Æ Ð Ðûÿ 2 æD W  ©B X  6C Y  ÃC Z – PD
Ápar. 9.5pt ex.: [ind](iii)[ind] Z" TÊ {÷ Ð ÐÂ X ÂÂ X ` ` ÂÆ(#` Æ Ð Ð
  document  
. . . ¤dN ' . . . . . . . . ødN ( . . . . . . . . . ÿÿ ÿÿ X’"Ù @ ê å é #X _; šI ìf ÒJ J+ p ®t :% ŒQ hS Nt ! 5 > ù [b Ø? Ó -i 9{ n+ ‹p ‘ PK ùU o[ ¢O ¤ $ +c$ ¦2( à>( ¡g( ) ”t) ½'* «K, ¼ - ûO- Šb. Ï 0 ŽI0 4\0 3b1 öU2 > 3 H05 ½F6 hJ7 c ; Þ ; d ª} !p= µW? [? SA ¯BB mLC o#H á}I ë K £4K á L Û0M š]M mN C O pO v P j P ô:P "\P Ö#Q ãXQ œ R Ê6R NR âDS ú T Ý T 'EV „PV Ü W ô X ¯ Z _ Z 8,[ 8\ ç!] yQ] ®K^ ¬|^ v ' *b ù,d …pd ¸Dh Jli zk õBm ÅLn é r ôOr \s ‹Bv ôGv †1w äZw ¨]x uPy å { g| Ú } _a} ÀE~ î* á € þ6€ 9 ‚ ï Y5ˆ ›dˆ Y ‰ rG‰ ™+Š ¨.Š PŠ “9‹ íx ™ ’ :(’ ý ” ƒi— ‘!˜ ºj˜ F™ $ ž þAŸ éSŸ "B¡ h[¡ ^ ¢ / £ YC£ ùK¤ 0¥ ¨ p/¨ 1¨ ® « ·~¬ –h­ Ýr­ ^@® ˜z¯ ‚{¯ £ ± ‹!± ÕN± 2² ~² ´ ³ Us³ ¶ ‹!¸ sQ¸ a º Mº _K» º ½ Ï ½ Õ ¾ }QÀ ) Á ÈOÁ _Bà áEÄ î@Å ô Æ ì È ·1É Ù Ê ²gË m Í ˜dÎ ½PÏ 5cÏ ð*Ð xDÐ T Ñ H6Ò #+Ô l#Ø ‹sØ y Ù tÙ Ý é-Ý žeÝ ÌlÝ p.á vxâ : ä nlå Mså ¼ æ ø ç ç iè ?Jé DEê Ä ì REí XCî ùdð )ið òZñ …;ô 8nô ÿ õ Ô ö Bt÷ b;ø Rnø ¸ ú E ú ¥+ú í7û Eiý ÿ@ € J J „ôZ J J w¶ @ @ ÿÿ U n k n o w n ÿÿ ÿÿ ÿÿ ÿÿ ÿÿ ÿÿ G  ‡z € ÿ T i m e s N e w R o m a n 5  € S y m b o l 3& ‡z € ÿ A r i a l " 1 ˆ ðÐ ä h ¦’Æf0ºÆ& _š \ I _š \ I ! ð n n ´ ´  4 d µ µ “s“ 2ƒQ ð HP ðÿ ? ä ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿy Ù ÿÿ S u p r e m e C o u r t o f C a n a d a d s a r a v a n a n j a l b e r t c þÿ à…ŸòùOh «‘ +'³Ù0 ˆ  ˜ ¸ Ä Ø ä ð ( D P \ h p x € ä Supreme Court of Canada dsaravanan 1978scr1_731-e jalbertc 3 Microsoft Word 10.0 @ @ ” èPÑÈ @ @)^/ÕÈ _š þÿ ÕÍÕœ. “— +,ù®0 h p | „ Œ ” œ ¤ ¬ ´ ¼ à ä I \ µ · Supreme Court of Canada Titre ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * + , - . / 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 : ; = > ? @ A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z [ \ ] ^ _ ' a b c d e f g h i j k l þÿÿÿn o p q r s t þÿÿÿv w x y z { | } ~  €  ‚ ƒ „ … † ‡ ˆ þÿÿÿŠ ‹ Œ  Ž   þÿÿÿ’ “ ” • – — ˜ þÿÿÿýÿÿÿýÿÿÿœ þÿÿÿþÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿR o o t E n t r y ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ À F @N¥p/ÕÈ ž € D a t a ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ m 1 T a b l e ÿÿÿÿ u $' W o r d D o c u m e n t ÿÿÿÿ 4Ø S u m m a r y I n f o r m a t i o n ( ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ‰ D o c u m e n t S u m m a r y I n f o r m a t i o n 8 ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ ‘ C o m p O b j ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ j ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ þÿÿÿÿÿ
( ) tG! æ . ¬G! ' . äG! ( . ÿÿÿÿhH! .  H! ! . ØH! " . I! c ) HI! db ( ) €I! % ( ) ¸I! æ ( ) ðI! ' ( ) (J! ( ( ) ÿÿÿÿ¬J! . äJ! ! . . K! " . . . `K! c . . . . ¤K! db . . . . . ìK! % . . . . . . 8L! æ . . . . . . . ˆL! ' . . . . . . . . ÜL! ( . . . . . . . . . ÿÿ ÿÿ X’"Ù @ @ @ í å ì #X _; šI ìf ÒJ J+ p ®t :% ŒQ hS Nt ! 5 > ù [b Ø? Ó -i 9{ n+ ‹p ‘ PK ùU o[ ¢O ¤ $ +c$ ¦2( ¡g( ) ”t) äv) ½`* «K, ¼ - ûO- Šb. ï. Ï 0 ŽI0 4\0 3b1 öU2 > 3 H05 ½F6 hJ7 c ; Þ ; d ª} !p= µW? [? SA ¯BB mLC o#H á}I ë K £4K á L Û0M š]M mN C O pO v P j P ô:P "\P Ö#Q ãXQ œ R Ê6R NR âDS ú T Ý T 'EV „PV Ü W ô X ¯ Z _ Z • [ 8,[ 8\ ç!] yQ] ®K^ ¬|^ v ` *b ù,d ¸Dh Jli zk õBm ÅLn Ú p é r ôOr \s ‹Bv ôGv †1w äZw ¨]x uPy å { g| Ú } _a} ÀE~ î* á € þ6€ 9 ‚ ï Y5ˆ ›dˆ Y ‰ rG‰ ™+Š ¨.Š PŠ “9‹ ™ ’ :(’ ý ” ƒi— ‘!˜ ºj˜ F™ $ ž þAŸ éSŸ "B¡ h[¡ ^ ¢ / £ YC£ ùK¤ 0¥ ¨ p/¨ 1¨ ® « ·~¬ –h­ Ýr­ ^@® ˜z¯ ‚{¯ £ ± ‹!± ÕN± 2² ~² ´ ³ Us³ ¶ ‹!¸ sQ¸ a º Mº _K» º ½ Ï ½ Õ ¾ }QÀ ) Á ÈOÁ _Bà áEÄ î@Å ô Æ ì È ·1É Ù Ê ²gË m Í ˜dÎ ½PÏ 5cÏ ð*Ð xDÐ T Ñ H6Ò #+Ô l#Ø ‹sØ y Ù tÙ Ý é-Ý žeÝ ÌlÝ p.á vxâ : ä nlå Mså ¼ æ Qæ ø ç ç iè ?Jé DEê Ä ì REí XCî ùdð )ið òZñ …;ô Yô 8nô ÿ õ Ô ö Bt÷ b;ø Rnø ¸ ú E ú ¥+ú í7û Eiý ÿ@ € — — ¨¿¨ — — Æ @ @ ÿÿ U n k n o w n ÿÿ ÿÿ ÿÿ ÿÿ ÿÿ ÿÿ G  ‡z € ÿ T i m e s N e w R o m a n 5  € S y m b o l 3& ‡z € ÿ A r i a l " 1 Œ ðÐ ä h ™ÌÆf† Çf k °§ d e k °§ d e ! ð n n ´ ´  4 d ·Ä ·Ä “s“ 2ƒQ ð HX ðÿ ? ä ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿy Ù ÿÿ C o u r S u p r ê m e d u C a n a d a d s a r a v a n a n j a l b e r t c þÿ à…ŸòùOh «‘ +'³Ù0 ˆ  ˜ ¸ Ä Ø ä ð ( D P \ h p x € ä Cour Suprême du Canada dsaravanan 1978rcs1-731-f jalbertc 3 Microsoft Word 10.0 @ @ † N ×È @ T`ÁLÜÈ k °§ þÿ ÕÍÕœ. “— +,ù®0 h p | „ Œ ” œ ¤ ¬ ´ ¼ ß ä e d ·Ä · Cour Suprême du Canada Titre ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * + , - . / 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 : ; = > ? @ A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z [ \ ] ^ _ ` a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t þÿÿÿv w x y z { | þÿÿÿ~  €  ‚ ƒ „ … † ‡ ˆ ‰ Š ‹ Œ  Ž   ‘ ’ “ ” • – — ˜ ™ š þÿÿÿœ  ž Ÿ   ¡ ¢ þÿÿÿ¤ ¥ ¦ § ¨ © ª þÿÿÿýÿÿÿýÿÿÿ® þÿÿÿþÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿR o o t E n t r y ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ À F €ñLÚLÜÈ ° € D a t a ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ u 1 T a b l e ÿÿÿÿ } ƒ; W o r d D o c u m e n t ÿÿÿÿ 4è S u m m a r y I n f o r m a t i o n ( ÿÿÿ
  document  
dd dd 0 d l ˜d˜d˜d˜d˜dИŒXŒdŒdŒdŒdH8H8H8H8˜l l l l l¤l¤l¤l¤l˜X˜d   l l˜X lxl˜d˜d˜dŒXŒXŒXŒX lŒdŒdŒdŒd¤`¤`¤`¤`¤`¤`¤l H H H8H X ”h€8€8€8 ˜l˜l˜l˜l l l ˜L˜L˜LlLlLlLlL„@„@ ¤l¤l¤l¤l¤l¤lĈ˜XXXX  l€8˜l˜LlL„@˜X˜X l l¤l= d d@dddd„ dHH˜˜d x d$¨¨ d ¨ @ Ì " ÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿßddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddÿddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddÿdddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddd " ‚ ÿÿÿÿm ÿÿ¬ ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÒ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ^,08€P t(@@Pˆ(4(TPPPPPPPPPP,,ˆˆˆL¤tlp|pd„€
H xTh,h,h, |X|X|X|X„X„X |@|@|@X@X@X@X@l4l4 ˆXˆXˆXˆXˆXˆX p|HtHtHtH „Xh,|X|@X@l4|H|H„X„XˆX= P P4PTTPp P8@||P d P$ˆˆ P ˆ 4 ¨ " ÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿßddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddÿddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddÿdddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddd " ‚ ÿÿÿÿm ÿÿ¬ ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÒ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ^,08€P t(@@Pˆ(4(TPPPPPPPPPP,,ˆˆˆL¤tlp|pd„€
  document  
€€I€would€therefore€dismissÐ Ä ' Ðthe€appeal.Ý ƒ % PDû; ݌Рœ 8 ÐŒÝ ÝÌI.€€ò òFactsó óÐ L è ÐÌÝ ‚ % PDÿ ÝÝ ÝÝ ‚ % PD D Ý[Ú ƒ z Ú5Ú ÚÛ € z Û]Ý Ýà p àIn€November€1995,€a€ð ðwholesaleð ð€drug€supplier€named€Myles€Skolos€received€a€largeÐ ü ˜ Ðshipment€of€marijuana€at€the€farm€where€he€lived€with€his€wife,€Pirkko.€€They€hid€the€marijuana€inÐ Ô p Ðthree€trunks€at€a€ð ðstashð ð.€€Some€time€later€he€left€to€attend€his€brotherð ðs€funeral€on€Vancouver€IslandÐ ¬ H Ðleaving€his€wife€behind.€€When€he€returned,€his€wife€was€missing,€as€were€her€wallet€and€someÐ „ Ðcheques.€€The€footprints€of€himself€and€his€wife€and€those€of€at€least€one€other€person€could€be€seenÐ \ ø Ðin€the€snow€leading€to€the€location€of€the€stash.€€Two€of€the€trunks€and€all€of€the€marijuana€wereÐ 4 Ð Ðgone.Ý ƒ % PD D #D ݌Р"¨ ÐŒÝ ÝÌÝ ‚ % PDÿ ÝÝ ÝÝ ‚ % PD‹G Ý[Ú ƒ z Ú6Ú ÚÛ € z Û]Ý Ýà p àWhen€the€police€searched€the€farm,€it€appeared€that€a€large€truck€or€vehicle€had€drivenÐ ¼%X " Ðup€the€driveway,€but€no€distinctive€tire€pattern€imprints€could€be€identified.€There€was€no€sign€of€aÐ ”'0!
Ðtache€de€sang€(quð ðon€croit€ tre€le€point€dð ðentr e€dð ðune€balle)€ €lð ðarri re€de€la€t te€de€la€victime.€€CelaÐ ° Ðtend€ €indiquer€quð ðelle€ tait€d j €sous€la€domination€de€son€agresseur€lorsquð ðelle€a€ t €abattue.€Ð ì ˆ ÐLð ðappelant€a€t moign €quð ðil€avait€initialement€pr vu€de€commettre€le€vol€qualifi €avec€une€autreÐ Ä ` Ðpersonne€et€que€leur€plan€comportait€lð ðutilisation€dð ðune€arme€ €feu.€€Il€ressort€de€la€preuve€queÐ œ 8 Ðlð ðagresseur€a€gard €la€victime€sous€sa€domination€pendant€assez€longtemps€avant€le€meurtre.€€LaÐ t Ðmarijuana€ tait€planqu e€ €250-300€m tres€de€la€maison,€ €un€endroit€que€Mò òmeó óSkolos€et€son€mariÐ L è Ðgardaient€secret.€€Il€fallait€dð ðabord€la€localiser,€puis€la€transporter€de€la€ð ðplanqueð ð€au€camion€quiÐ $ À Ðattendait.€€Lð ðappelant€fait€remarquer€quð ðil€nð ðy€avait€aucune€preuve€de€lutte€ou€de€tentative€de€fuite.€Ð ü ˜ ÐEn€fait,€dit-il,€rien€ne€porte€ €croire€que€la€victime€a€refus €de€coop rer.€€ð ð€mon€avis,€toutefois,€leÐ Ô p Ðjury€pouvait€parfaitement€conclure€que€cð ðest€sous€la€menace€dð ðune€arme€ €feu€que€lð ðappelant€a€amen Ð ¬ H Ðla€victime€ €ð ðcoop rerð ð,€cð ðest- -dire€ €lui€indiquer€lð ðemplacement€de€la€planque€et€peut- tre€ €servirÐ „ Ðde€ð ðmuleð ð€pour€lð ðaider€ €transporter€la€marijuana€jusquð ð €son€camion€(comme€il€lð ðavait€dð ðailleursÐ \ ø Ðpr vu,€selon€ses€propres€d clarations)€avant€quð ðelle€ne€soit€tu e.€€Les€directives€du€juge€ €ce€sujet€ontÐ 4 Ð Ðplutð= ðt€ t €indðE ðment€favorables€ €lð ðappelant.€Le€jury€ tait€en€droit€de€prononcer€un€verdict€de€meurtreÐ "¨ Ðau€premier€degr .€€Je€suis€donc€dð ðavis€de€rejeter€le€pourvoi.€Ý ƒ % PDç? @ ݌Рä#€ ÐŒÝ ÝÌÔ& ˆ ÔI.ò òLes€faitsó óÐ ”'0!$ ÐÌÝ ‚ % PDÿ ÝÝ ÝÝ ‚ % PD I Ý[Ú ƒ z Ú5Ú ÚÛ € z Û]Ý Ýà p àEn€novembre€1995,€un€fournisseur€ð ðen€grosð ð€de€drogue,€Myles€Skolos,€Ô' ˆ ”'áH Ôa€re u€unÐ D+à$( Ðimportant€chargement€de€marijuana€ €la€ferme€o €il€vivait€avec€sa€femme,€Pirkko.€€Ils€ont€mis€laÐ -¸&* Ðmarijuana€dans€trois€coffres€quð ðils€ont€cach s€dans€une€ð ðplanqueð ð.€€Quelque€temps€plus€tard,€M.Ð d ÐSkolos€a€laiss €sa€femme€pour€aller€ €lð ðenterrement€de€son€fr re€sur€lð ðð3 ðle€de€Vancouver.€€ð ð€son€retour,Ð
  document  
€€The€court€held€that€the€accusedð ðs€entry€into€the€doorway€(while€ð ðgrowlingð ð€withÐ ì ˆ Ðhis€arms€over€his€head)€constituted€criminal€harassment,€especially€in€light€of€the€coupleð ðs€ð ðhighlyÐ Ä ' Ðabusive€relationshipð ð€in€which€he€had€previously€stalked€and€threatened€to€kill€her.€€The€harassmentÐ œ 8 Ðwas€separate€from€the€murder€(para.€114)€while€still€forming€part€of€the€same€transaction€with€theÐ t Ðkilling€(para.€109).€Ý ƒ % PD&µ Aµ ݌РL è ÐŒÝ ÝÌÝ ‚ % PDÿ ÝÝ ÝÝ ‚ % PD$» Ý[Ú ƒ z Ú29Ú ÚÛ € z Û]Ý Ýà p àIn€ò òR.€v.€Sandhuó ó,€2005€CarswellOnt€8306€(S.C.J.),€on€the€other€hand,€a€number€of€accusedÐ ü ˜ Ðindividuals€surrounded€and€killed€the€victim€in€a€sudden€attack,€lasting€between€30€and€45€seconds.€Ð Ô p ÐThe€accused€brought€a€motion€for€a€directed€verdict€of€acquittal€on€the€charge€of€first€degree€murderÐ ¬ H Ðby€virtue€of€the€unlawful€confinement.€€The€court€agreed€and€granted€the€motion,€holding€that€thereÐ „ Ðwas€no€evidence€of€two€discrete€acts,€only€a€killing€ð ðcarried€out€in€a€rapid,€efficient€and€collaborativeÐ \ ø Ðmannerð ð€(para.€21).€€Although€the€accused€individuals€did€confine€the€victim,€they€did€so€only€as€anÐ 4 Ð Ðincident€of€the€attack€which€caused€his€death.€€The€courtð ðs€analysis€is€consistent€with€the€rationaleÐ "¨ Ðof€s.€231(5)€set€out€in€ò òPar ó ó€and€ò òKimberley.ó ó€If€no€extra€domination€is€involved€in€the€act€ofÐ ä#€ Ðconfinement,€then€it€cannot€be€said€that€the€accused€confined€the€victim€and€then€ò òexploited€ó óthatÐ ¼%X " Ðdomination€by€an€act€of€killing.€€Only€one€episode€of€domination€existed,€created€by€the€act€ofÐ ”'0!
Ðò ònð ð tait€pas€ó óun€ l ment€ð ðinh rentð ð€au€geste€meurtrier€mis€en€preuve,€cela€signifie€que€le€minist reÐ ° Ðpublic€a€r ussi€ €d montrer€la€perp tration€dð ðun€acte€criminel€distinct,€pr vu€au€par.279(2).€€Si€leÐ ì ˆ Ðjury€est€convaincu€que€le€meurtre€a€ t €commis€pendant€cette€s questration€de€telle€sorte€que€la€s rieÐ Ä ` Ðdð ð v nements€constitue€une€ð ðseule€op rationð ð,€les€exigences€de€lð ðal.231(5)ò òeó ó)€sont€remplies.€€VoirÐ œ 8 Ðò òR.€c.€Kirknessó ó,€[1990]€3€R.C.S.€74,€p.86.Ý ƒ % PDï½ ¾ ݌Рt ÐŒÝ ÝÌÝ ‚ % PDÿ ÝÝ ÝÝ ‚ % PDmÇ Ý[Ú ƒ z Ú28Ú ÚÛ € z Û]Ý Ýà p àLa€preuve€dð ðun€vol€qualifi ,€ €elle€seule,€ne€d clenche€pas€lð ðapplication€du€par.231(5),Ð $ À Ðmais€elle€nð ðemp che€pas€non€plus€son€application.€€Si€la€perp tration€de€lð ðinfraction€de€s questrationÐ ü ˜ Ða€ t € tablie,€le€fait€quð ðun€vol€qualifi €rend€lð ðacte€encore€plus€r pr hensible€nð ðaidera€pas€lð ðaccus .€Ð Ô p ÐSur€le€plan€pratique,€cette€approche€semble€avoir€donn €de€bons€r sultats€en€premi re€instance.€€DansÐ ¬ H Ðò òR.€c.€Bradleyó ó€(2003),€223€Nfld.€&€P.E.I.R.€225,€2003€PESCTD€30,€par€exemple,€lð ðaccus ,€apr s€uneÐ „ Ðconsommation€immod r e€de€cocað5 ðne,€est€entr €par€effraction€dans€lð ðappartement€de€son€ex- pouseÐ \ ø Ðet€lð ða€tu e€ €coups€de€hache.€€Il€sð ðagissait€de€savoir€si€lð ðaccus €avait€commis€le€meurtre€ð ðenÐ 4 Ð Ðcommettantð ð€lð ðinfraction€de€harc lement€criminel,€de€telle€sorte€que€son€acte€criminel€devait€ treÐ "¨ Ðassimil € €un€meurtre€au€premier€degr €par€application€du€par.231(6).€€La€cour€a€statu €que€le€faitÐ ä#€ Ðquð ðil€soit€entr €dans€lð ðembrasure€de€la€porte€(en€[ò òtraductionó ó]€ð ðgrognantð ð€et€en€tenant€ses€bras€auÐ ¼%X " Ðdessus€de€sa€t te)€constituait€du€harc lement€criminel,€surtout€compte€tenu€de€la€ð ðrelation€hautementÐ ”'0!$ Ðviolenteð ð€du€couple,€au€cours€de€laquelle€il€lð ðavait€traqu e€et€avait€menac €de€la€tuer.€€LeÐ l) #& Ðharc lement€ tait€distinct€du€meurtre€(par.114)€tout€en€faisant€partie,€avec€le€meurtre,€de€la€m meÐ D+à$( Ðop ration€(par.109).Ý ƒ % PDmÇ ˆÇ ݌Р-¸&* ÐŒÝ ÝÌÝ ‚ % PDÿ ÝÝ ÝÝ ‚ % PD–Î Ý[Ú ƒ z Ú29Ú ÚÛ € z Û]Ý Ýà p àPar€ailleurs,€dans€ò òR.€c.€Sandhuó ó,€2005€CarswellOnt€8306€(C.S.J.),€plusieurs€accus s€ontÐ
  document  
H xTh,h,h, |X|X|X|X„X„X |@|@|@X@X@X@X@l4l4 ˆXˆXˆXˆXˆXˆX p|HtHtHtH „Xh,|X|@X@l4|H|H„X„XˆX= P P4PTTPp P8@||P d P$ˆˆ P ˆ 4 ¨TmsRmn 12pt (AD) TmsRmn 12pt Italic (AD) TmsRmn 10pt (AD) TmsRmn 10pt Italic (AD) ûÿ 2 ¿ Ô ½ Ô ‘ Z e ÿÿ R " ‚ ÿÿÿÿm ÿÿ¬ ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÒ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ^,08€P t(@@Pˆ(4(TPPPPPPPPPP,,ˆˆˆL¤tlp|pd„€
dPP˜˜d x d$¨¨ d ¨ @ Ì\ “ ‘ 7 t C 4 , ½ X t ô \ PŽ Z•Q X Pÿÿÿþþ þÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿØ þ “ 5 p C 4 , ½OX p ô * f 9 xŽ #©Q X Xþþþþþþþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿ¢ Ó y . \ 8 , , ) óô \ ô \ PŽ R•Q ô Pþþþþþþþÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿ ÿÿ‘ 7 t C 4 , ½ X t ô \ PŽ Z•Q X Pÿÿÿþþ þÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿþÿÿûÿ 2 Ô ) Ô ý ÿÿ R Ñ " ‚ ÿÿÿÿm ÿÿ¬ ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÒ ÿÿÿÿÿÿ^,44€Pœˆ(@@Pˆ(8(TPPPPPPPPPP,,ˆˆˆP |pt„td„ˆ
  document  
€231(5)€list€of€enumerated€offences.Ý ƒ % PDh4 ƒ4 ÝŒÐ Ä ' ÐŒÝ ÝÌÝ ‚ % PDÿ ÝÝ ÝÝ ‚ % PD 9 Ý[Ú ƒ z Ú3Ú ÚÛ € z Û]Ý Ýà p àI€agree€with€the€appellant€that€for€s.€231(5)€to€raise€murder€from€second€degree€to€firstÐ t Ðdegree€the€Crown€must€prove€that€the€killing€occurred€as€part€of€a€continuing€series€of€eventsÐ L è Ðconstituting€a€single€transaction€that€establishes€not€only€the€killing€but€also€the€distinct€offence€ofÐ $ À Ðunlawful€confinement.€€However,€if€unlawful€confinement€is€established,€the€fact€that€the€series€ofÐ ü ˜ Ðevents€€discloses€in€addition€a€robbery€does€not€bar€or€alter€the€operation€of€s.€231(5)(ò òeó ó).Ý ƒ % PD 9 +9 ÝŒÐ Ô p ÐŒÝ ÝÌÝ ‚ % PDÿ ÝÝ ÝÝ ‚ % PDû; Ý[Ú ƒ z Ú4Ú ÚÛ € z Û]Ý Ýà p àIn€this€case€there€was€ample€evidence€of€unlawful€confinement.€€The€appellant€admitsÐ „ Ðthat€he€is€the€person€who€eventually€buried€the€body€of€Mrs.€Skolos.€€As€he€did€so€he€noted€a€patchÐ \ ø Ðof€blood€(thought€to€be€the€entry€point€of€a€bullet)€on€the€back€of€her€head.€This€suggested€that€sheÐ 4 Ð Ðwas€shot€while€already€under€the€control€of€the€assailant.€€The€appellant€testified€that€he€had€earlierÐ "¨ Ðplanned€the€robbery€with€another€person,€and€their€plan€included€use€of€a€gun.€€There€was€evidenceÐ ä#€ Ðthat€the€assailant€kept€the€victim€under€control€for€a€significant€period€of€time€prior€to€the€murder.€Ð ¼%X " ÐThe€marijuana€was€stashed€250€to€300€metres€from€the€farmhouse€at€a€location€kept€secret€by€Mrs.Ð ”'0!
Ðdu€minist re€public€et€a€prononc €un€verdict€de€meurtre€au€premier€degr .€Ý ƒ % PDß2 ú2 ݌Р° ÐŒÝ ÝÌÝ ‚ % PDÿ ÝÝ ÝÝ ‚ % PDP7 Ý[Ú ƒ z Ú2Ú ÚÛ € z Û]Ý Ýà p àLð ðappelant€soutient€que€les€jur s€ne€disposaient€dð ðaucun€ l ment€de€preuve€leurÐ Ä ` Ðpermettant,€sð ðils€avaient€re u€des€directives€appropri es,€de€tirer€une€telle€conclusion.€€Toute€laÐ œ 8 Ðpreuve€qui€pesait€contre€lui€( €part€quelques€aveux€faits€dans€une€d claration€ €la€police)€ taitÐ t Ðcirconstancielle.€€Il€ne€suffisait€pas,€selon€lui,€que€le€minist re€public€ tablisse€que€la€s questrationÐ L è Ð tait€accessoire€au€vol€qualifi .€€Le€jury€aurait€dðE ð€recevoir€des€directives€en€ce€sens.€€Le€vol€qualifi ,Ð $ À Ðcontrairement€ €la€s questration,€nð ðest€pas€une€infraction€sous-jacente€selon€le€par.231(5).€Ð ü ˜ ÐLð ðappelant€ajoute€que€lð ðexpos €au€jury€avait€pour€effet€de€faire€du€vol€qualifi €une€infractionÐ Ô p Ðsous-jacente,€ce€qui€prolonge€sa€p riode€dð ðinadmissibilit € €la€lib ration€conditionnelle,€la€faisantÐ ¬ H Ðpasser€de€10€ans€ €25ans,€contrairement€ €la€volont €du€l gislateur,€qui€a€ tabli€une€liste€restreinteÐ „ Ðdð ðinfractions€donnant€lieu€ €lð ðapplication€du€par.231(5).Ý ƒ % PDP7 k7 ݌Р\ ø ÐŒÝ ÝÌÝ ‚ % PDÿ ÝÝ ÝÝ ‚ % PD‡ Ý[Ú ƒ z Ú3Ú ÚÛ € z Û]Ý Ýà p àJe€reconnais€avec€lð ðappelant€que€le€minist re€public€doit,€pour€quð ðun€meurtre€auÐ "¨ Ðdeuxi me€degr €puisse€ tre€assimil € €un€meurtre€au€premier€degr €par€application€du€par.231(5),Ð ä#€ Ðprouver€que€le€meurtre€faisait€partie€dð ðune€s rie€continue€dð ð v nements€constituant€une€seuleÐ ¼%X " Ðop ration€qui€ tablit€non€seulement€le€meurtre€mais€ galement€lð ðinfraction€distincte€de€s questration.€Ð ”'0!$ ÐToutefois,€si€la€s questration€est€ tablie,€le€fait€que€la€s rie€dð ð v nements€r v le€en€plus€un€volÐ l) #& Ðqualifi €nð ðemp che€pas€lð ðapplication€de€lð ðal.231(5)ò òeó ó).Ý ƒ % PD‡ ¢ ݌РD+à$( ÐŒÝ ÝÐ -¸&* ÐÝ ‚ % PDÿ ÝÝ ÝÝ ‚ % PDç? Ý[Ú ƒ z Ú4Ú ÚÛ € z Û]Ý Ýà p àEn€lð ðesp ce,€il€y€avait€amplement€de€preuves€d montrant€la€s questration.€Lð ðappelantÐ d Ðadmet€que€cð ðest€lui€qui€finalement€a€enterr €le€corps€de€Mò òmeó óSkolos.€€ð ð€ce€moment,€il€a€remarqu €uneÐ
  document  
Áfootnote francaise U ÞÏ àQ ûÿ 2 ýD V X hC W X ÀC X X D Y  pD
Átext 8.5pt, flush left, no indent $ ƒ „
  document  
€231(5)(ò òeó ó). Ý ƒ % PD¨Ñ ÃÑ ÝŒÐ ° ÐŒÝ ÝÌD. €€ò òThe€Temporal€and€Causal€ConnectionÐ Ä ' ÐÌó óÝ ‚ % PDÿ ÝÝ ÝÝ ‚ % PD§Ô Ý[Ú ƒ z Ú33Ú ÚÛ € z ! Û]Ý Ýà p àIt€must€also€be€established,€of€course,€that€the€murderer€did€the€killing€ð ðwhile€committingÐ t Ðor€attempting€to€commitð ð€the€enumerated€offence.€€As€pointed€out€in€ò òPar ó ó,€this€does€not€require€ð ðanÐ L è Ðexact€coincidenceð ð€in€timing€of€the€murder€and€the€predicate€offence,€although€there€must€be€a€ð ðcloseÐ $ À Ðtemporal€and€causative€linkð ð€(ò òPar ó ó,€at€p.€629).€€As€Wilson€J.€expressed€the€point€in€ò òPar ó ó,€at€p.€633:Ý ƒ % PD§Ô ÂÔ ÝŒÐ ü ˜ ÐŒÝ ÝÌÓ Óà0 p à.€.€.€it€is€the€continuing€illegal€domination€of€the€victim€which€gives€continuity€to€theÐ ¬ H Ðsequence€of€events€culminating€in€the€murder.€€The€murder€represents€an€exploitationÐ ˜ 4 Ðof€the€position€of€power€created€by€the€underlying€crime€and€makes€the€entire€course€ofÐ „ Ðconduct€a€ð ðsingle€transactionð ð.€This€approach,€in€my€view,€best€gives€effect€to€theÐ p Ðphilosophy€underlying€s.€[231(5)].Ó ÓÐ \ ø p (#p (# ÐÌÝ ‚ % PDÿ ÝÝ ÝÝ ‚ % PDiÙ Ý[Ú ƒ z Ú34Ú ÚÛ € z " Û]Ý Ýà p àThe€ò òdictum€ó óis€illustrated€by€the€facts€of€ò òPar ó ó€itself€where€the€accused€murdered€a€youngÐ "¨ Ðboy€two€minutes€after€indecently€assaulting€him.€€The€killing€was€motivated€by€fear€that€the€childÐ ä#€ Ðwould€tell€his€mother€about€the€incident.€€The€killing€and€the€sexual€assault€were€linked€temporallyÐ ¼%X " Ð(a€single€continuing€transaction)€and€causally€(fear€of€disclosure€of€the€sexual€assault€led€to€theÐ ”'0!$ Ðkilling).
Ðsouligne)).Ý ƒ % PDÇÕ âÕ ÝŒÐ ° ÐŒÝ ÝÌÝ ‚ % PDÿ ÝÝ ÝÝ ‚ % PD%Ú Ý[Ú ƒ z Ú31Ú ÚÛ € z Û]Ý Ýà p àCette€approche€a€ t €rejet e€par€la€Cour€dð ðappel€de€la€Colombie-Britannique€dans€ò òR.€c.Ð Ä ` ÐGourgonó ó€(1979),€19€C.R.€(3d)€272,€le€juge€McFarlane,€p.€279:Ý ƒ % PD%Ú @Ú ÝŒÐ œ 8 ÐŒÝ ÝÌÓ Óà0 p à[ò òtraductionó ó]€€Que€ce€soit€express ment€ou€implicitement,€rien€dans€ces€dispositionsÐ L è Ðne€concerne€ò òle€butó ó€de€la€s questration.€€Rien€non€plus€dans€lð ðhistorique€l gislatif€neÐ 8 Ô Ðpermet€de€penser€que€le€l gislateur€ait€pu€restreindre€ainsi€la€notion€de€ð ðs questrationð ð.€Ð $ À ÐLa€th se€que€la€s questration€ €seule€fin€de€perp trer€un€vol€qualifi €est€exclue€ne€sauraitÐ ¬ Ð tre€retenue.€€[Je€souligne.]Ó ÓÐ ü ˜ p (#p (# ÐÌElle€a€aussi€ t €rejet e€par€la€Cour€dð ðappel€de€lð ðOntario€dans€ò òR.€c.€Dollanó ó€(1982),€65€C.C.C.€(2d)€240Ð ¬ H Ð(autorisation€dð ðappel€refus e,€[1982]€1€R.C.S.€vii,€le€juge€Zuber,€p.€245:Ð „ ÐÌÓ Óà0 p à[ò òtraductionó ó]€€Il€importe€peu€que€la€s questration€puisse€ tre€accessoire€ €laÐ 4 Ð Ðperp tration€dð ðun€autre€crime€pourvu€quð ðil€y€ait€eu€s questration€en€violation€[duÐ !¼ Ðpar.279(2)]€.€.€.Ó ÓÐ "¨ p (#p (# ÐÌElle€a€ t €de€nouveau€rejet e€par€la€Cour€dð ðappel€de€la€Colombie-Britannique€dans€ò òR.€c.€Pitreó ó€(1991),Ð ¼%X " Ð2€B.C.A.C.€186,€le€juge€Wood,€par.€29:Ð ”'0!$ ÐÌÓ Óà0 p à[ò òtraductionó ó]€€...€la€preuve€permettait€ €un€jury€qui€a€re u€des€directives€appropri esÐ D+à$( Ðet€qui€agit€de€fa on€raisonnable€de€conclure€que€le€Dò òró óPiderman€ tait€s questr €lors€deÐ 0,Ì%) Ðlð ðagression€ayant€entrað3 ðn €sa€mort.€€Il€importe€peu€de€savoir€si€la€s questration€ taitÐ -¸&* Ðaccessoire€ou€non€ €un€vol€qualifi .Ó ÓÐ d p (#p (# ÐÌLa€Cour€dð ðappel€de€lð ðOntario€lð ða€aussi€rejet e€dans€ò òKimberleyó ó,€le€juge€Doherty,€par.103:Ð ° ÐÌÓ Óà0 p à[ò òtraductionó ó]€€Toutefois,€la€disposition€ne€contient€pas€en€soi€de€limite€de€cette€nature.€Ð Ä ` ÐElle€fait€mention€dð ðinfractions€commises€en€violation€de€lð ðart.279,€la€s questration€ tantÐ ° L Ðlð ðune€des€infractions€cr es€par€cette€disposition.€€Rien€dans€lð ðal.231(5)ò òeó ó)€ne€permet€deÐ œ 8 Ðconclure€que€les€s questrations€accessoires€ou€li es€ €la€perp tration€dð ðautres€crimes€neÐ ˆ $ Ðsont€pas€vis es€par€cette€disposition.Ó ÓÐ t p (#p (# ÐÌDe€plus,€la€Cour€dð ðappel€de€la€Saskatchewan€lð ða€rejet e€dans€ò òR.€c.€Heinó ó€(2004),€189€C.C.C.€(3d)€381,Ð $ À Ðla€jugeGerwing,€par.27:Ð ü ˜ ÐÌÓ Óà0 p à[ò òtraductionó ó]€€...€la€victime€a€ t €priv e€de€
  document  
€231(5)(ò òeó ó)€is€whether,€in€addition€to€murder,€theÐ L è Ðnecessary€elements€of€confinement€(s. €279(2))€have€been€established€on€the€evidence.Ý ƒ % PD÷— ˜ ݌Р$ À ÐŒÝ ÝÌA. €€ò òUnlawful€ConfinementÐ Ô p ÐÌó óÝ ‚ % PDÿ ÝÝ ÝÝ ‚ % PD  Ý[Ú ƒ z Ú24Ú ÚÛ € z Û]Ý Ýà p àThe€authorities€establish€that€if€for€any€significant€period€of€time€Mrs.
Ðlð ðencontre€de€lð ðintention€du€l gislateur,€car€il€permettrait€quð ðun€crime€ò ònon€ num r ó ó€ €la€liste€duÐ ° Ðpar.231(5)€serve€ €att nuer€lð ðeffet€de€cette€disposition.Ý ƒ % PDÚ¤ õ¤ ÝŒÐ ì ˆ ÐŒÝ ÝÌÝ ‚ % PDÿ ÝÝ ÝÝ ‚ % PDM§ Ý[Ú ƒ z Ú23Ú ÚÛ € z Û]Ý Ýà p àLð ðappelant€fait€remarquer€que€le€vol€qualifi €ò ò taitó ó€une€infraction€sous-jacente€au€meurtreÐ œ 8 Ðselon€lð ðart.230€du€ò òCode€crimineló ó,€qui€visait,€dans€certaines€circonstances,€ € liminer€lð ðexigence€deÐ t Ðfaire€la€preuve€dð ðune€pr vision€subjective€de€la€mort€et€qui€a€ t €annul €par€la€Cour€dans€ò òR.€c.Ð L è ÐMartineauó ó,€[1990]€2€R.C.S.€633.€€Il€soutient€que€le€minist re€public€cherche,€sur€le€fondement€du€par.Ð $ À Ð231(5),€ €obtenir€de€fa on€d tourn e€ce€quð ðil€nð ða€pu€obtenir€directement€en€sð ðappuyant€sur€lð ðart.230,Ð ü ˜ Ðcð ðest- -dire€faire€du€vol€qualifi €une€infraction€sous-jacente.€€Soit€dit€en€tout€respect,€ce€raisonnementÐ Ô p Ðnð ðest€pas€convaincant.€€Il€est€question€de€s questration€ €lð ðal.231(5)ò òeó ó).€€Cð ðest€lð ðappelant€et€non€leÐ ¬ H Ðl gislateur€qui€a€introduit€le€vol€qualifi €dans€lð ðargument€fond €sur€lð ðal.231(5)ò òeó ó).€€En€ce€qui€concerneÐ „ Ðlð ðal.231(5)ò òeó ó),€la€Cour€doit€d cider€si,€en€plus€du€meurtre,€les€ l ments€constitutifs€de€lð ðinfraction€deÐ \ ø Ðs questration€ont€ t € tablis€(par.279(2)).Ý ƒ % PDM§ h§ ݌Р4 Ð ÐŒÝ ÝÌÔ& ˆ ÔA.ò òLa€s questrationÐ ä#€ ÐÌó óÝ ‚ % PDÿ ÝÝ ÝÝ ‚ % PD ­ Ý[Ú ƒ z Ú24Ú ÚÛ € z Û]Ý Ýà p àSelon€la€jurisprudence,€si€pendant€un€laps€de€temps€assez€long€Mò òmeó óSkolosÔ' ˆ ä#ά Ô€a€ t €soumiseÐ ”'0!$ Ð €la€contrainte€physique€ou€forc e€dð ðagir€contre€sa€volont ,€de€sorte€quð ðelle€nð ð tait€pas€libre€de€sesÐ l) #& Ðmouvements,€il€sð ðagit€dð ðune€s questration€au€sens€du€par.279(2):€voir€ò òLuxtonó ó,€p.723;€ò òR.€c.€Grattonó óÐ D+à$( Ð(1985),€18€C.C.C.€(3d)€462€(C.A.€Ont.),€le€juge€Cory,€p.475;€ò òR.€c.€Tremblayó ó,€[1997]€J.Q.€nò òoó ó1816Ð -¸&* Ð(QL),€le€juge€LeBel€(maintenant€juge€de€notre€Cour),€par.15-17;€et€ò òR.€c.€Mullingsó ó,€2005€CarswellOntÐ d Ð3022€(C.S.J.),€le€juge€Durno,€par.39.€Ý ƒ % PD ­ %­ ÝŒÐ
  document  
dûÿ 2 BP ` õH O UI O ¤K O óM Courier Times New Roman Times New Roman Italic Times New Roman Bold Times New Roman Bold Italic " ‚ m ‚ Û + ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ^:DpddȨDDDdp4D48ddddddddddDDpppd¼„„|œœLdœ„¼œ|œp„È„D8DtdDdpXpXDdp8Dp8¨pdppXLDpdddXP,PhéD4ht DDD 4 DDDDDD dDp8 dddddȐX„X„X„X„XJ8J8J8J8pœdœdœdœdppppddpšdœdddzpdddXXXX”„X„X„X„XœdœdœdœdœdœdœpœpL8L8L8L8¢pd œp„8„Z„8„P„8pppœdœdƐXXXpLpLpLpL„f„D„DppppppȐd„X„X„X p„8pXpL„Ddd’œdp 4 dd C 6CWŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxNHxxH jdDdddddÀd
5I5SE\?WB_R\RL5H''BEER L JHV LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL5555555HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH''''''''''''BBBBBBBEEEEEEEEEEEERRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR WIW(WS\(SB " ‚ m ‚ Û + ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ^:Lpdd¨œDDDdp4D48ddddddddddDDpppd¨„„„„„œLd„|°|„p|„°„||D8DpdDddXdXDdp88d8œpdddLL8pX„dXLD,DpéD4pp DDD 4 DDDDDD dDd8 „d„d„d„d„d¼„X„X„X„X„XL8L8L8L8pddddpppp|X„dddd|Xd|d„d„d„d„X„X„X„X”„X„X„X„XddddddœpœpL8L8L8L8¤pd „d|8|h|8|L|8pŒppdd¼„L„L„LpLpLpLpL|l|8|8pppppp°„|X|L|L|L d|8p„LpL|8|X|X”dp 4 dd C 8CWŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddNHxxH ddLdddddÀd4
  document  
€€ò òSupreme€Court€of€British€Columbia€(Preston€J.)ó óÐ œ 8 ÐÌÝ ‚ % PDÿ ÝÝ ÝÝ ‚ % PD!' Ý[Ú ƒ z Ú14Ú ÚÛ € z Û]Ý Ýà p àThe€trial€was€long€and€complex,€beginning€with€130€days€of€ò òvoir€dires€ó óand€motions.
Ðcoffres€apr s€le€d part€de€M.€Wall.€€Il€a€t moign €quð ðapr s€avoir€enterr €la€victime€(remarquant€laÐ ° Ðtache€de€sang€derri re€sa€t te)€il€a€combl €le€trou€avec€des€d blais€et€des€feuilles€pour€que€le€solÐ ì ˆ Ðparaisse€intact.€€Il€est€ensuite€all €rejoindre€sa€petite€amie€ €un€motel,€bourr €de€marijuana€et€dð ðargent.Ð Ä ` ÐÝ ƒ % PD5^ P^ ÝŒÌŒÝ ÝÌÝ ‚ % PDÿ ÝÝ ÝÝ ‚ % PD4b Ý[Ú ƒ z Ú12Ú ÚÛ € z Û]Ý Ýà p àBill€Wall€a€longuement€t moign .€€Il€a€tout€ni .€€Il€a€dit€nð ðavoir€jamais€discut €avecÐ L è Ðlð ðappelant€de€lð ð ventuel€vol€de€la€cargaison€de€marijuana€ €la€ferme€des€Skolos.€€Il€nð ðavait€aucuneÐ $ À Ðraison€de€le€faire.€€Il€entretenait€une€relation€dð ðaffaires€fructueuse€avec€la€victime€et€son€mari.Ý ƒ % PD4b Ob ݌Рü ˜ ÐŒÝ ÝÌÝ ‚ % PDÿ ÝÝ ÝÝ ‚ % PD=d Ý[Ú ƒ z Ú13Ú ÚÛ € z Û]Ý Ýà p àLa€petite€amie€de€lð ðappelant€a€t moign €que,€le€soir€en€question,€il€sð ðest€absent €de€laÐ ¬ H Ðchambre€du€motel€pendant€environ€huit€heures€et€est€revenu€avec€deux€coffres€remplis€de€marijuanaÐ „ Ðet€une€importante€somme€dð ðargent€de€frað3 ðche€date.€€Elle€a€ galement€dirig €les€policiers€vers€lð ðun€desÐ \ ø Ðdeux€coffres€vol s€dont€lð ðappelant€sð ð tait€d barrass €en€le€lan ant€par-dessus€un€talus.€€ð ð€lð ðint rieurÐ 4 Ð Ðdu€coffre,€les€policiers€ont€trouv €un€sac€de€plastique€portant€lð ðempreinte€du€pouce€de€lð ðappelant.€Ð "¨ ÐLes€policiers€ont€ tabli€quð ðil€sð ðagissait€du€m me€genre€de€sac€de€plastique€dans€lequel€Myles€SkolosÐ ä#€ Ðgardait€sa€provision€personnelle€de€ð ðbourgeonsð ð.€Ý ƒ % PD=d Xd ݌Р¼%X " Ðâ âŒÝ ÝÐ ”'0!$ ÐÔ& 8 Ôâ ââ âII.ò òHistorique€judiciaireÐ d Ðó óÌA.ò òCour€supr me€de€la€Colombie-Britannique€(le€juge€Preston)ó óÐ ° ÐÌÝ ‚ % PDÿ ÝÝ ÝÝ ‚ % PDêh Ý[Ú ƒ z Ú14Ú ÚÛ € z Û]Ý Ýà p àLe€proc s,€qui€a€d but €avec€130€jours€de€voir-dire€et€de€requ tes,€a€ t €Ô' 8 d ;h Ôlong€et€complexe.€Ð Ä ` ÐLe€minist re€public€a€clos€sa€preuve€apr s€avoir€fait€entendre€73t moins€et€d pos €141pi ces,€dontÐ œ 8 Ðdes€enregistrements€sonores.€€Apr s€le€rejet€dð ðune€demande€de€verdict€impos €de€meurtre€au€premierÐ t Ðdegr €([2002]€B.C.J.€No.2964€(QL),€2002€BCSC€1387),€la€d fense€a€fait€entendre€neuf€t moins,€dontÐ L è Ðlð ðaccus .€€Le€juge€du€proc s€a€distribu €une€copie€de€son€expos € €chaque€jur .€€Voici€un€extrait€deÐ $ À Ðses€directives€sur€la€question€de€la€s questration€dans€le€contexte€de€lð ðal.231(5)ò òeó ó):Ý ƒ % PDêh i ݌Рü ˜ ÐŒÝ ÝÌÓ Óà0 p àà Ì à[ò òtraductionó ó]€€Un€meurtre€est€assimil € €un€meurtre€au€premier€degr €seulementÐ ¬ H Ðsð ðil€a€
  document  
€231(5)(ò òeó ó). Ý ƒ % PD¨Ñ ÃÑ ÝŒÐ ° ÐŒÝ ÝÌD. €€ò òThe€Temporal€and€Causal€ConnectionÐ Ä ' ÐÌó óÝ ‚ % PDÿ ÝÝ ÝÝ ‚ % PD§Ô Ý[Ú ƒ z Ú33Ú ÚÛ € z ! Û]Ý Ýà p àIt€must€also€be€established,€of€course,€that€the€murderer€did€the€killing€ð ðwhile€committingÐ t Ðor€attempting€to€commitð ð€the€enumerated€offence.€€As€pointed€out€in€ò òPar ó ó,€this€does€not€require€ð ðanÐ L è Ðexact€coincidenceð ð€in€timing€of€the€murder€and€the€predicate€offence,€although€there€must€be€a€ð ðcloseÐ $ À Ðtemporal€and€causative€linkð ð€(ò òPar ó ó,€at€p.€629).€€As€Wilson€J.€expressed€the€point€in€ò òPar ó ó,€at€p.€633:Ý ƒ % PD§Ô ÂÔ ÝŒÐ ü ˜ ÐŒÝ ÝÌÓ Óà0 p à.€.€.€it€is€the€continuing€illegal€domination€of€the€victim€which€gives€continuity€to€theÐ ¬ H Ðsequence€of€events€culminating€in€the€murder.€€The€murder€represents€an€exploitationÐ ˜ 4 Ðof€the€position€of€power€created€by€the€underlying€crime€and€makes€the€entire€course€ofÐ „ Ðconduct€a€ð ðsingle€transactionð ð.€This€approach,€in€my€view,€best€gives€effect€to€theÐ p Ðphilosophy€underlying€s.€[231(5)].Ó ÓÐ \ ø p (#p (# ÐÌÝ ‚ % PDÿ ÝÝ ÝÝ ‚ % PDiÙ Ý[Ú ƒ z Ú34Ú ÚÛ € z " Û]Ý Ýà p àThe€ò òdictum€ó óis€illustrated€by€the€facts€of€ò òPar ó ó€itself€where€the€accused€murdered€a€youngÐ "¨ Ðboy€two€minutes€after€indecently€assaulting€him.€€The€killing€was€motivated€by€fear€that€the€childÐ ä#€ Ðwould€tell€his€mother€about€the€incident.€€The€killing€and€the€sexual€assault€were€linked€temporallyÐ ¼%X " Ð(a€single€continuing€transaction)€and€causally€(fear€of€disclosure€of€the€sexual€assault€led€to€theÐ ”'0!$ Ðkilling).
Ðsouligne)).Ý ƒ % PDÇÕ âÕ ÝŒÐ ° ÐŒÝ ÝÌÝ ‚ % PDÿ ÝÝ ÝÝ ‚ % PD%Ú Ý[Ú ƒ z Ú31Ú ÚÛ € z Û]Ý Ýà p àCette€approche€a€ t €rejet e€par€la€Cour€dð ðappel€de€la€Colombie-Britannique€dans€ò òR.€c.Ð Ä ` ÐGourgonó ó€(1979),€19€C.R.€(3d)€272,€le€juge€McFarlane,€p.€279:Ý ƒ % PD%Ú @Ú ÝŒÐ œ 8 ÐŒÝ ÝÌÓ Óà0 p à[ò òtraductionó ó]€€Que€ce€soit€express ment€ou€implicitement,€rien€dans€ces€dispositionsÐ L è Ðne€concerne€ò òle€butó ó€de€la€s questration.€€Rien€non€plus€dans€lð ðhistorique€l gislatif€neÐ 8 Ô Ðpermet€de€penser€que€le€l gislateur€ait€pu€restreindre€ainsi€la€notion€de€ð ðs questrationð ð.€Ð $ À ÐLa€th se€que€la€s questration€ €seule€fin€de€perp trer€un€vol€qualifi €est€exclue€ne€sauraitÐ ¬ Ð tre€retenue.€€[Je€souligne.]Ó ÓÐ ü ˜ p (#p (# ÐÌElle€a€aussi€ t €rejet e€par€la€Cour€dð ðappel€de€lð ðOntario€dans€ò òR.€c.€Dollanó ó€(1982),€65€C.C.C.€(2d)€240Ð ¬ H Ð(autorisation€dð ðappel€refus e,€[1982]€1€R.C.S.€vii,€le€juge€Zuber,€p.€245:Ð „ ÐÌÓ Óà0 p à[ò òtraductionó ó]€€Il€importe€peu€que€la€s questration€puisse€ tre€accessoire€ €laÐ 4 Ð Ðperp tration€dð ðun€autre€crime€pourvu€quð ðil€y€ait€eu€s questration€en€violation€[duÐ !¼ Ðpar.279(2)]€.€.€.Ó ÓÐ "¨ p (#p (# ÐÌElle€a€ t €de€nouveau€rejet e€par€la€Cour€dð ðappel€de€la€Colombie-Britannique€dans€ò òR.€c.€Pitreó ó€(1991),Ð ¼%X " Ð2€B.C.A.C.€186,€le€juge€Wood,€par.€29:Ð ”'0!$ ÐÌÓ Óà0 p à[ò òtraductionó ó]€€...€la€preuve€permettait€ €un€jury€qui€a€re u€des€directives€appropri esÐ D+à$( Ðet€qui€agit€de€fa on€raisonnable€de€conclure€que€le€Dò òró óPiderman€ tait€s questr €lors€deÐ 0,Ì%) Ðlð ðagression€ayant€entrað3 ðn €sa€mort.€€Il€importe€peu€de€savoir€si€la€s questration€ taitÐ -¸&* Ðaccessoire€ou€non€ €un€vol€qualifi .Ó ÓÐ d p (#p (# ÐÌLa€Cour€dð ðappel€de€lð ðOntario€lð ða€aussi€rejet e€dans€ò òKimberleyó ó,€le€juge€Doherty,€par.103:Ð ° ÐÌÓ Óà0 p à[ò òtraductionó ó]€€Toutefois,€la€disposition€ne€contient€pas€en€soi€de€limite€de€cette€nature.€Ð Ä ` ÐElle€fait€mention€dð ðinfractions€commises€en€violation€de€lð ðart.279,€la€s questration€ tantÐ ° L Ðlð ðune€des€infractions€cr es€par€cette€disposition.€€Rien€dans€lð ðal.231(5)ò òeó ó)€ne€permet€deÐ œ 8 Ðconclure€que€les€s questrations€accessoires€ou€li es€ €la€perp tration€dð ðautres€crimes€neÐ ˆ $ Ðsont€pas€vis es€par€cette€disposition.Ó ÓÐ t p (#p (# ÐÌDe€plus,€la€Cour€dð ðappel€de€la€Saskatchewan€lð ða€rejet e€dans€ò òR.€c.€Heinó ó€(2004),€189€C.C.C.€(3d)€381,Ð $ À Ðla€jugeGerwing,€par.27:Ð ü ˜ ÐÌÓ Óà0 p à[ò òtraductionó ó]€€...€la€victime€a€ t €priv e€de€
  document  
dûÿ 2 Ö* O Þ# ÿÿZ -& ÿÿO ‡( ÿÿv ± " ‚ m ‚ Û + ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ^:Lpdd¨œDDDdp4D48ddddddddddDDpppd¨„„„„„œLd„|°|„p|„°„||D8DpdDddXdXDdp88d8œpdddLL8pX„dXLD,DpéD4pp DDD 4 DDDDDD dDd8 „d„d„d„d„d¼„X„X„X„X„XL8L8L8L8pddddpppp|X„dddd|Xd|d„d„d„d„X„X„X„X”„X„X„X„XddddddœpœpL8L8L8L8¤pd „d|8|h|8|L|8pŒppdd¼„L„L„LpLpLpLpL|l|8|8pppppp°„|X|L|L|L d|8p„LpL|8|X|X”dp 4 dd C 8CWŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddNHxxH ddLdddddÀd4
d " ‚ m ‚ Û + ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ^:Lpdd¨œDDDdp4D48ddddddddddDDpppd¨„„„„„œLd„|°|„p|„°„||D8DpdDddXdXDdp88d8œpdddLL8pX„dXLD,DpéD4pp DDD 4 DDDDDD dDd8 „d„d„d„d„d¼„X„X„X„X„XL8L8L8L8pddddpppp|X„dddd|Xd|d„d„d„d„X„X„X„X”„X„X„X„XddddddœpœpL8L8L8L8¤pd „d|8|h|8|L|8pŒppdd¼„L„L„LpLpLpLpL|l|8|8pppppp°„|X|L|L|L d|8p„LpL|8|X|X”dp 4 dd C 8CWŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddNHxxH ddLdddddÀd4
  document  
dTimes New Roman Times New Roman Italic Times New Roman Bold Times New Roman Bold Italic " ‚ m ‚ Û + ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ^:DpddȨDDDdp4D48ddddddddddDDpppd¼„„|œœLdœ„¼œ|œp„È„D8DtdDdpXpXDdp8Dp8¨pdppXLDpdddXP,PhéD4ht DDD 4 DDDDDD dDp8 dddddȐX„X„X„X„XJ8J8J8J8pœdœdœdœdppppddpšdœdddzpdddXXXX”„X„X„X„XœdœdœdœdœdœdœpœpL8L8L8L8¢pd œp„8„Z„8„P„8pppœdœdƐXXXpLpLpLpL„f„D„DppppppȐd„X„X„X p„8pXpL„Ddd’œdp 4 dd C 6CWŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxNHxxH jdDdddddÀd
dCG Times Times New Roman Times New Roman Italic Times New Roman Bold Times New Roman Bold Italic ûÿ 2 …. O *' O y) O È+ n . " ‚ m ‚ Û + ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ^:DpddȨDDDdp4D48ddddddddddDDpppd¼„„|œœLdœ„¼œ|œp„È„D8DtdDdpXpXDdp8Dp8¨pdppXLDpdddXP,PhéD4ht DDD 4 DDDDDD dDp8 dddddȐX„X„X„X„XJ8J8J8J8pœdœdœdœdppppddpšdœdddzpdddXXXX”„X„X„X„XœdœdœdœdœdœdœpœpL8L8L8L8¢pd œp„8„Z„8„P„8pppœdœdƐXXXpLpLpLpL„f„D„DppppppȐd„X„X„X p„8pXpL„Ddd’œdp 4 dd C 6CWŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxNHxxH jdDdddddÀd
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Arrow