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Keybot 12 Results  agritrade.cta.int
  L'impact de l'agricultu...  
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doit donc se baser sur la reconnaissance que la proportion actuelle
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in Africa would lose out as a result of declining EU prices.
  Le MEY ou le MSY doiven...  
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Pour le thon du Pacifique, « baser la gestion du thon sur le MEY génèrerait US$3,2 milliards de bénéfices supplémentaires au cours des 50 prochaines années » a déclaré un scientifique engagé dans l’étude.
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For Pacific tuna, ‘to base tuna management on MEY would generate US$3.2 billion in additional profit over the next 50 years,’ said a scientist involved in the study.
  Les conserveries de tho...  
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« Promouvoir le développement régional de pays désavantagés par le biais des accords commerciaux est un objectif louable qui mérite d’être reconnu, mais il devrait se baser sur une analyse profonde du pays bénéficiaire et de ses impacts globaux sur l’industrie européenne », ont conclu les deux organisations.
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‘To promote the regional development of underprivileged countries through trade agreements is laudable and worthy of recognition but it should be based on sound analysis of the beneficiary country and of its overall impact on EU industry’, the two organisations concluded.
  L’OMC examine comment f...  
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Elles pourraient également se baser sur certains des nouveaux accords établis dans le cadre des ALE de l’UE avec les pays de l’OCDE (voir article Agritrade « Résolution des différends SPS et accords commerciaux transatlantiques », 16 décembre 2013).
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This area for collective initiatives can be seen as both complementing and reaching beyond existing SPS and TBT-related programmes and projects (from the sustainable horticulture COLEACP–PIP programme to the ACP–EU TBT Technical Assistance Facility). It could also build on some of the new arrangements being established as part of EU FTAs with fellow OECD countries (see Agritrade article ‘ SPS dispute resolution and trans-Atlantic trade agreements’, 16 December 2013).
  Appels à  davantage d’a...  
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En février, en revanche, Kellogg a annoncé son engagement de s’approvisionner en « l’huile de palme totalement traçable » d’ici la fin 2015, en réponse aux protestations des ONG. Kellogg entend baser ses nouvelles pratiques sur une combinaison de certificats Greenpalm, de bilan de masse et de chaînes d’approvisionnement durables « ségréguées ».
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In February, meanwhile, Kellogg announced its commitment to sourcing “fully traceable palm oil” by the end of 2015, as it faced NGO-led protests. Kellogg is to base its new practices on a combination of Greenpalm certificates, mass balance and segregated sustainable supply chains. The UCSUSA welcomed the move, but questioned whether the company “has moved fast or aggressively enough to make the commitment a reality”.
  Soutien public et ajust...  
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L’un d’eux, intitulé « Agriculture et ajustement structurel », se penche sur le rôle légitime des interventions du secteur public à l’appui des ajustements du secteur agricole. Il souligne la nécessité de baser les interventions sur les principes suivants :
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The German Marshall Foundation and Sciences-Po’s Groupe d’économie mondiale have published a compendium of economic policy papers reviewing the challenges facing European agriculture beyond 2020. One of these, entitled ‘Agriculture and structural adjustment’, looks at the legitimate role of public-sector interventions in support of agricultural sector adjustments. It highlights the need to base interventions on the following principles:
  Le Conseil de l’UE appr...  
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Une option possible pour les pays ACP serait de baser l’accès supplémentaire sur les niveaux actuels d’exportation de sucre de chaque pays vers l’UE et non sur le quota nominal alloué au titre du protocole sucre.
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In terms of ACP-EU trade in agricultural and food products the EU Council provided no lead on the precise volume of sugar to be allowed access under the transitional arrangements for sugar and how this will be managed across and within regional groupings of ACP sugar-producing countries. This thus remains an area of intense negotiations. A possible option for ACP countries would be to base additional access on each country’s current levels of sugar exports to the EU and not on the nominal quota allocation under the sugar protocol.
  Les négociations de l’A...  
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La création d’échanges commerciaux au travers de la spécialisation a été jugée comme un moyen de surmonter ces sensibilités. Certains ont préconisé des « politiques sectorielles claires sur lesquelles baser notre vision de l’intégration économique régionale ».
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At a public trade dialogue meeting in Windhoek in April, trade policy analysts warned that the tripartite FTA would be unlikely to yield substantial benefits if it were based on widespread sector-based exclusions of products from the tariff reduction commitments made. In addition, it was argued that if the new regional trade deal is to deliver real benefits, it will have to address a range of non-tariff barriers to trade. However, the sensitivity of this issue in the agriculture sector was recognised. Trade creation through specialisation was seen as one way of overcoming these sensitivities. A call was made for ‘clear industrial policies on which to base our vision of regional economic integration’.
  La zone de libre échang...  
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Il affirme qu’il est important « d’assurer que les pays sont encouragés à baser leur sélection sur de véritables objectifs de politique publique », car dans le cas contraire, les listes de produits sensibles « sont davantage susceptibles de refléter des intérêts protectionnistes ou des comportements de recherche de rente, tous deux ayant pour effet de perpétuer les inefficacités ».
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Taku Fundira, a TRALAC trade researcher, identifies ‘the issue of sensitive products that will be exempt from liberalisation’ as a major bone of contention when creating an expanded regional trading arrangement. He argues that it is important ‘to ensure that countries are encouraged to base their selection on genuine public policy objectives’, otherwise the sensitive lists ‘are more likely to reflect protectionist interests or rent-seeking behaviour, both of which will perpetuate inefficiencies.’
  Rapport de phase 3 de l...  
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Ce genre de coopération intra-régionale pourrait être soutenue et financée par la CE. Le fait de baser les inspections sur l’évaluation des risques a pour effet aujourd’hui d’augmenter les coûts relatifs de l’entrée sur le marché pour les producteurs fraîchement établis.
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The Kenya Flower Council’s pioneering role in developing local standards could usefully be deployed in assisting neighbouring emergent flower producers in meeting the challenge of EU floriculture standards. This kind of intra-regional cooperation could be supported and financed by the EC. Basing inspections on risk assessment is having the effect of increasing the relative costs of market entry for newly established producers. In some cases this can lead to inspection charges 400 times more expensive than those faced by established producers. This issue needs to be addressed if emergent exporters (largely LDCs) are to be encouraged, possible through the establishment of a ceiling on inspection charges levied on newly emergent exporters, with additional costs being met from a special fund, until such time as a track record has been established for proper risk assessment.
  Une initiative national...  
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Le European Milk Board (EMB) a approuvé cette approche française consistant à baser les prix sur des dispositions relatives aux « coûts de production plus ». En octobre 2010, l’EMB avait critiqué l’opposition du Conseil de l’UE à la mise en place d’une agence de contrôle du secteur du lait, proposée par le Parlement européen.
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The European Milk Board (EMB) has endorsed this French approach of basing prices on ‘production costs plus’ arrangements. This follows criticisms from the EMB in October 2010 of opposition in the EU Council to the establishment of a milk sector monitoring agency, as proposed by the European Parliament. Such an agency would ‘collect market data on volume, price and costs’, as well as establishing an EU-wide obligation ‘to have contracts between producers and dairies’ linking prices to production costs. These proposals were however rejected by the EU Council.
  L’impact de l’augmentat...  
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La promotion de la pêche à la canne devrait se baser sur une analyse du marché, en déterminant quels produits peuvent se montrer suffisamment attractifs aux yeux des consommateurs pour qu’ils consentent à payer un juste prix.
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Tuna pole-and-line fishing is an example of a fishery which has relatively low impact on the environment and which has a high level of associated jobs; for many ACP coastal states these two aspects are of fundamental importance. However, the economics of pole-and-line fishing, as promoted by NGOs like Greenpeace, are not so bright, particularly when the end product proposed – canned tuna – is unlikely to attract a price premium that will compensate for the difference in costs. Promotion of pole-and-line fishing should be based on a market analysis which would clarify which products might be attractive enough to end consumers for them to be willing to pay a fair price for it. Another aspect highlighted here, that promoting pole-and-line fishing may have an impact on purse-seining, is also very true. Linked to this is the fact that, given the need to maintain/decrease the global tuna-fishing effort in the Pacific, any development of pole-and-line would necessarily mean a diminution of purse-seining fishing (particularly FAD associated purse-seining). This may also partly explain ISSF’s concern about this issue, as most of its members in the fishing industry are involved in purse-seining.