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For several years, the researches of our group have, in part, focused on the study of increased fat infiltration during deconditioning and have already been the subject of several publications (Arrighi et al., 2015, Pagano et al., 2015 , Pagano et al., 2018). The thesis project is thus a continuation of this theme. The IMAT accumulation is marked and significant in muscular deconditioning models such as aging (Song et al., 2004, Cree et al., 2004, Ryall et al., 2008), immobilization (unilateral limb suspension) (Manini et al., 2007, Trudel et al., 2010) or in pathological populations such as diabetes, camptocormia and progressive muscular dystrophies (Hosoyama et al., 2009). On the other hand, very few publications focus on the study of the specific process of accumulation of fatty infiltration during chronic exposure to weightlessness, real or simulated, and on the evaluation of countermeasures (in particular the evaluation and understanding of the effects of physical exercise).
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