ovule – -Translation – Keybot Dictionary

Show text Show cached source Open source URL	M. Réal Ménard: C'est-à-dire que l'embryon... Un embryon, c'est un ovule et un spermatozoïde ensemble.
Compare text pages Compare HTM pages Open source URL Open target URL Define parl.gc.ca as primary domain	Mr. Réal Ménard: What I mean is that the embryo... An embryo is the product of an ovum and a sperm.

Show text Show cached source Open source URL	Qui, par exemple, est la véritable mère? Est-ce la femme qui fournit l'ovule, ou est-ce la mère porteuse qui porte le foetus? Dans le droit israélien contemporain, par exemple, les deux, la mère porteuse et la mère qui fournit l'ovule, sont définies comme les mères.
Compare text pages Compare HTM pages Open source URL Open target URL Define parl.gc.ca as primary domain	The issues within Jewish law with respect to surrogacy are many. First, there are a number of concerns regarding family status. Who, for example, is the real mother? Is it the woman who provides the ovum, or is it the surrogate who gives gestation to fetus? In contemporary Israeli law, for example, both the surrogate mother and the mother who provides the ovum both are listed as the mothers.

Show text Show cached source Open source URL	Les progrès technologiques actuels font en sorte que l'utilisation d'un ovule n'est plus requise pour pratiquer le clonage. Une seule cellule suffit. Donc, je remplace «manipuler un ovule» par «manipuler une cellule humaine».
Compare text pages Compare HTM pages Open source URL Open target URL Define parl.gc.ca as primary domain	As a result of current technological progress, the use of an ovum is no longer required to practice human cloning. A single cell is sufficient. Therefore, I'm replacing “manipulate an ovum” by “manipulate a human cell”. In any event, Bill C-47 has been amended under this clause to replace “manipulate an ovum” by “manipulate a human cell”.

Show text Show cached source Open source URL	L'injection intracytoplasmique du spermatozoïde a été inventée dans les années 90. Cette technique est illustrée ici. Nous avons ici un oeuf humain, c'est-à-dire un ovule. C'est une cellule entourée d'une membrane.
Compare text pages Compare HTM pages Open source URL Open target URL Define parl.gc.ca as primary domain	Perhaps the most dramatic example is sperm injection technique. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection, or ICSI, was introduced in the 1990s. It is depicted here. Here is a human egg. This is the egg cell itself. It has a membrane around it. This is a polar body, which is a bit of cytoplasm with a spare set of chromosomes that has been expelled. But I'll mention more about that in a minute.

Show text Show cached source Open source URL	Les progrès technologiques actuels font en sorte que l'utilisation d'un ovule n'est plus requise pour pratiquer le clonage. Une seule cellule suffit. Donc, je remplace «manipuler un ovule» par «manipuler une cellule humaine».
Compare text pages Compare HTM pages Open source URL Open target URL Define parl.gc.ca as primary domain	As a result of current technological progress, the use of an ovum is no longer required to practice human cloning. A single cell is sufficient. Therefore, I'm replacing “manipulate an ovum” by “manipulate a human cell”. In any event, Bill C-47 has been amended under this clause to replace “manipulate an ovum” by “manipulate a human cell”.

(3) L’article 2 définit comme suit le mot « hybride » : a)ovule humain fertilisé par un spermatozoïde d’une autre forme de vie; b) ovule d’une autre forme de vie fertilisé par un spermatozoïde humain;

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(3) The word “hybrid” is defined in clause 2 as: a) a human ovum that has been fertilized by a sperm of a non-human life form; b) an ovum of a non-human life form that has been fertilized by a human sperm; c) a human ovum into which the nucleus of a cell of a non-human life form has been introduced; d) an ovum of a non-human life form into which the nucleus of a human cell has been introduced; or e) a human ovum or an ovum of a non-human life form that otherwise contains haploid sets of chromosomes from both a human being and a non-human life form.

Show text Show cached source Open source URL	Je ne suis pas certaine de ce qu'on entend par chimère. Par exemple, il existe des techniques pour diagnostiquer les déficiences du sperme où il faut injecter du sperme dans l'ovule d'un hamster. Or, je n'ai pas bien vu si c'était le genre de choses qu'on envisageait.
Compare text pages Compare HTM pages Open source URL Open target URL Define parl.gc.ca as primary domain	Dr. Patricia Baird: Yes. I'm not sure what they mean by chimera. For example, there are some techniques for diagnosing sperm defects that involve having to inject sperm into a hamster egg. Now, whether that kind of thing is what they're thinking of.... I missed that. So I'm sorry, but I can't comment on that. But I don't think we should be making animal-human hybrids.

Je n'ai pas l'intention d'insister sur la nécessité, comme le prévoit l'avant-projet de loi, de garantir à tous les enfants issus d'un don de sperme, d'ovule ou d'embryon l'accès à leurs antécédents médicaux régulièrement actualisés.

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I won't be going into any great detail about the fact, as was indicated in the draft legislation, that all donor offspring, whether sperm, egg, or embryo, must have access to their regularly updated medical histories. I'm also sure there's no debate that the number of babies born through the same donor must be limited, and half-siblings must be accounted for and followed through to avoid any possibility of marrying each other. I also hope that the current medical regulation that the records can be destroyed after six years be changed to 100.

Nous proposons par conséquent que l'avant-projet de loi soit modifié de manière à prévoir que les donneurs de sperme, d'ovule et d'embryon ne pourront garder l'anonymat. Encore une fois, je vais insister sur la distinction dont on vous a déjà parlé, mais elle est bien importante parce qu'elle entraîne souvent de la confusion.

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We propose an important change in the legislation. We want an end to the anonymity of sperm, egg, and embryo donors. Once again, I'm going to repeat the distinction you have already heard, but it is an important one because it's often confused. We're not talking about people who have donated under a contract of anonymity. It is not our position to retrospectively identify past donors against their will—we're not dragging anybody out of the closet.

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Ce projet de loi interdit le clonage humain et en fait un crime passible d'un emprisonnement maximal de 10 ans avec une amende substantielle pour quiconque manipule un ovule, un zygote ou un embryon en vue d'obtenir un zygote ou un embryon ayant un patrimoine génétique identique à celui d'un zygote, d'un embryon, d'un foetus ou d'un être humain vivant ou non.

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I'd now like to undertake an analysis of Bill C-247. This bill prohibits human cloning and makes it crime punishable by imprisonment for a term not exceeding 10 years with a substantial fine for anyone who manipulates an ovum, zygote or embryo for the purpose of producing a zygote or embryo that contains the same genetic information as a living or deceased human being or a zygote, embryo or foetus. Thus the bill would prohibit the production of genetically identical zygotes or embryos even if the proposed objective has nothing to do with the cloning of a human being.

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La maternité comprend à la fois une composante génétique, soit la femme qui a fourni l'ovule, et une composante gestationnelle, la femme qui est enceinte. Depuis le début de l'histoire de l'humanité jusqu'à il y a 20 ans, ces deux mères étaient évidemment la même personne.

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Motherhood has those genetic components—the person who provided the ovum—and also a gestational component—the woman who's pregnant. For all of human history until 20 years ago, these two mothers were always, undoubtedly, the same person. That's not true any more. Who's the real mother? If you take Mary's ovum and put it in Susan's body, whose name goes on the birth certificate? Right now, it depends. If Mary is an egg donor and Susan is an infertility patient, then Susan gets to be the mother. If Mary is the infertility patient, and Susan is hired as a contract surrogate mother, then Mary gets to be the mother.

Également, il est très difficile de savoir comment on peut être capable, même entre soeurs... Si la soeur est stérile et veut avoir un enfant, et que tout ce qu'elle demande à sa soeur est un ovule pour qu'elle puisse aussi être mère, comment sa soeur peut-elle lui dire non?

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Furthermore, it is very difficult to understand how one might be able, even between sisters... If the sister is infertile and wants to have a child, and she is only asking her sister for an ovum so that she can become a mother, how can her sister refuse her? In such situations, the law has a responsibility that goes beyond the law, taking it for granted that there are certainly important circumstances in which undue pressure may influence decisions made by people.

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Show text Show cached source Open source URL	Qui, par exemple, est la véritable mère? Est-ce la femme qui fournit l'ovule, ou est-ce la mère porteuse qui porte le foetus? Dans le droit israélien contemporain, par exemple, les deux, la mère porteuse et la mère qui fournit l'ovule, sont définies comme les mères.
Compare text pages Compare HTM pages Open source URL Open target URL Define parl.gc.ca as primary domain	The issues within Jewish law with respect to surrogacy are many. First, there are a number of concerns regarding family status. Who, for example, is the real mother? Is it the woman who provides the ovum, or is it the surrogate who gives gestation to fetus? In contemporary Israeli law, for example, both the surrogate mother and the mother who provides the ovum both are listed as the mothers.

Lorsqu'on enlève le noyau d'un ovule et qu'on transfère le noyau d'une cellule somatique en vue de faire de la recherche, on dit que la finalité permet de dire que dans ce cas-ci, on n'est nullement intéressé à créer un nouvel être humain, mais uniquement à avoir du matériel pour faire de la recherche et que, par conséquent, la finalité est limitée et bien précise.

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Ms. Thérèse Leroux: From the ethical point of view, you may well find it helpful to consider whether your approach focuses on the end purpose of the activities undertaken. Or do you have a utilitarian approach? When the nucleus of an egg is removed, and the nucleus of a somatic cell is inserted in order to do research, it is argued in that case that the end purpose is such that there is no interest in creating a new human being, but only in having research material, and that therefore the end purpose is limited and very specific.

Le président: Ces observations sont utiles. Nous envisagerons et peut-être que les légistes envisageront un amendement pour ajouter humain après ovule, etc. Si on pense toutefois au texte législatif initial qui a donné lieu à celui-ci, c'est peut-être—et je suis très subjectif—une omission tout à fait délibérée simplement parce que les autres interdictions, dont je parlais tout à l'heure, portent sur une série d'autres manipulations qui ne concernaient pas nécessairement strictement l'ovule et le sperme humains.

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The Chairman: I take those observations to heart. I think that at least the table here and maybe the drafter will be considering an amendment to capture that specific concern about human ovum, etc. But I think from the initial legislation that generated this particular legislation, this would have been—I'm being very subjective—a very deliberate omission simply because the other prohibitions, which I addressed a moment ago, dealt with a series of other manipulations that didn't necessarily involve strictly human ovum and human sperm. You're nodding. You remember. Okay. That's good.

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Show text Show cached source Open source URL	Un problème se pose. Comme l'a fait remarquer Leon Kass, le cytoplasme de l'ovule contient de l'ADN, appelé ADN mitochondrial, qui reste une protéine étrangère et qui présente le même risque de rejet du tissu.
Compare text pages Compare HTM pages Open source URL Open target URL Define parl.gc.ca as primary domain	There's a problem. As Leon Kass has pointed out, there is DNA in the cytoplasm of the ovum, called mitochondrial DNA, which is still foreign protein and has the same chance of producing tissue rejection.

Show text Show cached source Open source URL	Mme Suzanne Rozell Scorsone: Non, dès la conception, selon l'angle sous lequel on voit la chose, soit au moment de la pénétration du sperme ou celui de la syngamie, c'est-à-dire de la jonction des noyaux de sperme et de l'ovule, au moment où il y a eu reproduction des cellules et qu'il y a deux cellules.
Compare text pages Compare HTM pages Open source URL Open target URL Define parl.gc.ca as primary domain	Dr. Suzanne Rozell Scorsone: No, it starts at conception, depending on how you cut it, either from the penetration of the sperm or from syngamy, from the joining of the nuclei of the sperm and the ovum, which is basically when replication has occurred and you have a two-cell stage. At any rate, anything that would be of any relevance to human cloning is covered here, as far as I can see.

Show text Show cached source Open source URL	J’évoque en passant la question de le stockage des ovules en vous signalant qu’un rapport publié récemment au Royaume-Uni, le 4 novembre 2002, fait état de la congélation d’un ovule qui a été fécondé et qui a finalement donné un bébé en bonne santé.
Compare text pages Compare HTM pages Open source URL Open target URL Define parl.gc.ca as primary domain	As an aside on ovum storage, a recent report out of the United Kingdom, November 4, 2002, described the freezing of an ovum that was eventually fertilized and developed into a healthy baby. This, of course, carries great potential.

Show text Show cached source Open source URL	b) modifier la structure génétique d'un ovule, du sperme humain, d'un zygote ou d'un embryon, si cette structure modifiée est susceptible d'être transmise aux générations futures.
Compare text pages Compare HTM pages Open source URL Open target URL Define parl.gc.ca as primary domain	(b) alter the genetic structure of an ovum, human sperm, zygote or embryo if the altered structure is capable of transmission to a subsequent generation.

Étant donné que nous avons déjà abordé la question, peut-être pouvons-nous continuer à parler du clonage thérapeutique. La transplantation d'un nouveau noyau dans une ovule énuclée pose-t-elle un autre peoblème?

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Perhaps, since it's come up, we can carry on with the issue of therapeutic cloning. Is there another issue with the nucleus transplant to the enucleated egg, that in fact there's still genetic material, mitochondrial DNA in the cytoplasm of the donor cell egg, and there are unknown consequences of how that might affect the new nucleus coming in? Is that also a factor to consider in the therapeutic cloning issue?

Show text Show cached source Open source URL	Nous recommandons dans cet article de remplacer l'interdiction de manipuler un ovule par l'interdiction de manipuler une cellule humaine, ce qui comprend le spermatozoïde et les ovules. Cette recommandation élargirait la portée du projet de loi.
Compare text pages Compare HTM pages Open source URL Open target URL Define parl.gc.ca as primary domain	Our recommendation for the section on cloning is to replace the prohibition against manipulating an ovum with a prohibition against manipulating a human cell, including sperm and ovum. We believe this recommendation will give the bill a broader scope.

Show text Show cached source Open source URL	Les progrès technologiques actuels font en sorte que l'utilisation d'un ovule n'est plus requise pour pratiquer le clonage. Une seule cellule suffit. Donc, je remplace «manipuler un ovule» par «manipuler une cellule humaine».
Compare text pages Compare HTM pages Open source URL Open target URL Define parl.gc.ca as primary domain	As a result of current technological progress, the use of an ovum is no longer required to practice human cloning. A single cell is sufficient. Therefore, I'm replacing “manipulate an ovum” by “manipulate a human cell”. In any event, Bill C-47 has been amended under this clause to replace “manipulate an ovum” by “manipulate a human cell”.

Show text Show cached source Open source URL	Enfin, l’article 9 dispose que nul ne peut obtenir l’ovule ou le spermatozoïde d’une personne de moins de 18 ans ni utiliser un tel ovule ou spermatozoïde, sauf pour le conserver ou pour créer un être humain qui sera élevé par cette personne.
Compare text pages Compare HTM pages Open source URL Open target URL Define parl.gc.ca as primary domain	Finally, clause 9 prohibits obtaining or using any sperm or ova from a donor under 18 years of age, except for the purpose of preserving them or for the purpose of creating a human being to be raised by the donor.

Show text Show cached source Open source URL	obtenir, conserver, céder, éliminer, importer ou exporter soit tout ou partie d’un ovule ou d’un spermatozoïde dans le but de créer un embryon, soit un embryon in vitro dans n’importe quel but (par. 10(3));
Compare text pages Compare HTM pages Open source URL Open target URL Define parl.gc.ca as primary domain	the acquisition, storage, transfer, destruction, import or export of sperm or ova (or part thereof) for the purpose of creating an embryo, or of an in vitro embryo for any purpose (clause 10(3));

Par contre, nous voulons que les mesures législatives proposées soient modifiées de manière à prévoir qu'à l'avenir, au Canada, seuls les donneurs d'ovule, de sperme ou d'embryon qui consentiront à ce que l'on révèle leur identité à leurs descendants, lorsque ceux-ci auront atteint l'âge de la majorité ou seront mûrs—et là, on ne sait pas trop de quel âge il s'agit—seront acceptés comme donneurs.

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What we do want is that the legislation be altered so the only people who are accepted in the future for egg, sperm, or embryo donation in Canada are those who agree to be identifiable to their offspring when those offspring reach the age of majority, or maturity—it's a debatable point, what age that is.