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Apie 551 m. Jordano Getikoje aisčiai aprašomi kaip taikūs žmonės, gyvenantys Baltijos pajūryje.
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Около 551 г. В Гетике Иордана айстии описываются как мирные люди, живущие на побережье Балтийского моря.
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Apie 62 m. Romėnai pradėjo gintaro prekybą su Baltijos pajūrio gyventojais netoli Vyslos žiočių. Julijaus vadovaujama ekspedicija atvežė daug gintaro imperatoriaus Nerono (54-68) organizuotų gladiatorių kautynių papuošimui.
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62 e. Kr. Romerne begynte handel av rav med innbyggerne ved den baltiske kysten nær munningen av elven Vistula. Ekspedisjonen, som ble ledet av Julius, brakte mengder av rav som ble brukt til dekorasjoner av konkurransene som keiser Nero (55 – 68) organiserte mellom gladiatorene.
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Adomas Bremenietis šį etnonimą jau priskiria dabartiniams estams18. Vadinasi, Hermanariko nukariautų aisčių siejimas su sembais ir kuršiais turėjo būti pakankamai sena tradicija. Iš esmės jai neprieštarauja ir Jordano teiginys, kad nukariauti aisčiai gyveno pajūryje.
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It is interesting to note that Saxo himself could not link the Aistians with the Sembians and Curonians because in his time the term Aistians-Estonians already meant only the modern Estonians. The meaning of the ethnonym changed in the 10–11th centuries. In the account of Wulfstan (end of the 9th century), the term "Aistians" still meant the Balts (the Prussians),17 but in 1075, Adam of Bremen already ascribed this ethnonym to only the modern Estonians.18 Thus, linking the Aistians who were conquered by Hermanaric with the Sembians and Curonians must be a rather old tradition. Essentially, the assertion of Jordan that the conquered Aistians lived near the seacoast does not contradict it.
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Kariaunos (kaip valstybės aparato dalies) funkcijos laikomos visuomenei naudingomis, pabrėžiant visuomenės gynimo funkciją: “Europos valstybės priklauso antrinių valstybių grupei. Joms formuojantis itin svarbus buvo išorinio impulso vaidmuo. Būtent jis vertė kurti veiksmingą regioninę valdymo organizaciją, kuri būtų pajėgi atsispirti jau susikūrusių valstybių spaudimui. (...) Visuomenė, šalia kurios atsirasdavo valstybinė organizacija, turėjo stiprinti savo valdžią, kad galėtų išlikti. Baltų žemėse reikėjo stiprinti politinę organizaciją, nes iškilo būtinybė organizuoti gynybą nuo IX–X a. susidariusių didelių slavų valstybių – Lenkijos ir Rusios” (p. 120–121).
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1. “Contrary to the mentioned authors, Baranauskas denies the role of military retinues, but doesn’t finds functions of social utility characteristic to the retinues...” In fact the role of military retinues in the formation of the Lithuanian State is not denied anywhere in the book, though it is not analysed extensively. The functions of military retinues (as a part of state apparatus) are considered to have a social utility. Their defensive function for the society is stressed: “The European states belong to the group of secondary states. The role of external impulse was particularly important in their formation. Namely this impulse was forcing creation of effective regional government, which would be able to resist the pressure of already existing states. (...) Society, in the neighbourhood of which state organisation had appeared, was forced to strengthen its government in order to survive. The consolidation of political organisation in the Baltic lands was stimulated by the need to organise defence against Poland and Ruthenia – great Slavonic states that came into being in the 9th–10th centuries” (p. 120–121). “It should be noted that in the Middle Ages the sovereigns were never ruling alone, they always consulted their warrior retinues and vassals, constituting their councils” (p. 205). “Being able to receive more grain Mindaugas could maintain bigger warrior retinue and garrisons of castles” (p. 212).
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II tūkstantmečio pradžioje pagal politinės organizacijos lygį Lietuva tapo baltų žemių lydere. Ji vienintelė pajėgė peraugti j didžiąją kunigaikštystę ir apginti savo nepriklausomybę. Lietuvos Didžiosios Kunigaikštystės (LDK) susikūrimą autorius datuoja apie 1183 metus.
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Discussing the formation of the Duchy of Lithuania, the author guesses that the process was stimulated not just by the internal factors of social and political development, but also by the influence of the neighbouring countries (first of all that of the Slavic lands). It is supposed that the Duchy of Lithuania was an early state structure, which formed itself probably about the 11th century. The formation of the Duchy of Lithuania is connected with the growth of the system of castles and deepening of social stratification. The castles were defensive centres and ducal residences. In the 11-12th centuries they were appearing mainly in the eastern part of modern Aukštaitija and Dzūkija, where the initial land of Lithuania was. As T. Baranauskas guesses, the creation of the Duchy of Lithuania was stimulated by the needs of defence against the Kievan Ruthenia, as well as by cultural influence, spreading from there. Duchy was a natural stage in the political development of Lithuania. In the beginning of the 2nd millennium Lithuania became the leader of the Baltic lands in terms of level of political organisation. She was the only, who managed to grow into the grand duchy and defend her independence. The author dates the establishment of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (GDL) to 1183. It is asserted that the main indication of its establishment was sudden growth of the Lithuanian military power and almost unchangeable intensity of the military raids in the period before Mindaugas and in the times of Mindaugas, when the GDL was already undoubtedly functioning. The author grounds this also with the written sources, for example, the information of the Livonian chronicle that the father of Mindaugas was a King, who had no equals.