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Le Groupe de travail sur les pesticides systémiques (groupe de chercheurs européens constitué en 2009) a publié l’étude la plus exhaustive sur les « néonics », intitulée « Evaluation mondiale intégrée de l’impact des pesticides systémiques sur la biodiversité et les écosystèmes ». Les chercheurs ont passé en revue plus de 800 études scientifiques réalisées ces cinq dernières années, y compris celles qui ont été parrainées par la filière.

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With the advent of the TRIPS Agreement and the dominant interpretative implementation of its minimum standards, actors who use, conserve and improve agricultural biodiversity are faced with a strong property rights system that has been thoroughly criticised. However, these critics have not achieved the regulatory shift they are advocating. In this PhD dissertation, Fulya Batur explains that this is due to the lack of socio-technological contextualisation of applicable laws and judicial interpretation. Indeed, intellectual property applies to very different innovation contexts and confronts all those involved in plant improvement, from mass selectors, small-scale private conventional plant breeders, public molecular researchers, specialised start-ups and integrated biotechnology giants. (APBREBES, 04/2014)

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The Task Force on Systemic Pesticides, a group of European scientists created in 2009, has published the single most comprehensive study of neonics, Worldwide Integrated Assessment of the impact of systemic pesticides on biodiversity and ecosystems (WAI). The WAI has examined over 800 scientific studies carried out in the last five years, including those sponsored by industry. Some aspects of this analysis have been broadly acknowledged (e.g. risks to honeybees), but some have not (e.g. risks to birds, earthworms, other pollinators and aquatic invertebrates). Relatively few studies have specifically focused on biodiversity and ecosystem impacts and this analysis moves understanding forward in a much more holistic and extensive way.

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Les experts ont examiné les effets des principales cultures d'OGM sur l'environnement, y compris celles utilisées dans la lutte contre les ravageurs, la sécheresse et la tolérance à la salinité, souterrains et aériens.

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FAO, May 2004. The cultivation of genetically modified (GM) crops is changing agriculturale practices in a number of developed and developing countries. The area of GM crops planted worldwide continues to increase. As agriculture is intrinsically linked to the environment, in June 2003 the FAO invited 16 technical experts to assess the current understanding of the effects of GM crops on ecosystems, identify gaps and priorities and indicate the role of the FAO in this context. The experts discussed the environmental effects of major GM crops, including those used for pest management, drought and salinity tolerance, both above and below ground. The discussions led to the recognition of effects that need to be considered during introduction of GM crops within specific agro-ecosystems.

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