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12. When the marshes are stagnant, and have no drainage by means of rivers or drains, as is the case with the Pontine marshes, they become putrid, and emit vapours of a heavy and pestilent nature. Thus the old city of Salapia, in Apulia, built, as some say, by Diomedes on his return from Troy, or, as others write, by Elphias the Rhodian, was so placed that the inhabitants were continually out of health. At length they applied to Marcus Hostilius, and publicly petitioned him, and obtained his consent, to be allowed to seek and select a more wholesome spot to which the city might be removed. Without delay, and with much judgment, he bought an estate on a healthy spot close to the sea, and requested the Roman senate and people to permit the removal of the city. He then set out the walls, and assigned a portion of the soil to each citizen at a moderate valuation. After which, opening a communication between the lake and the sea, he converted the former into an excellent harbour for the city. Thus the Salapians now inhabit a healthy situation, •four miles from their ancient city.
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12. quibus autem insidentes sunt paludes et non habent exitus profluentes neque per flumina neque per fossas, uti Pomptinae, stando putescunt et umores graves et pestilentes in his locis emittunt. item in Apulia oppidum Salpia vetus, quod Diomedes ab Troia rediens constituit sive quemadmodum nonnulli scripserunt Elpias Rhodius, in eiusmodi locis fuerat conlocatum, ex quo incolae quotannis aegrotando laborantes aliquando pervenerunt ad M. Hostilium ab eoque publice petentes impetraverunt ut is idoneum locum ad moenia transferenda conquireret eligeretque. tunc is moratus non est, sed statim rationibus doctissime quaesitis secundum mare mercatus esset possessionem loco salubri ab senatuque populoque Romano petiit ut liceret transferre oppidum, constituitque moenia et areas divisit nummoque sestertio singulis municipibus mancipio dedit. his confectis lacum aperuit in mare et portum e lacu municipio perfecit. itaque nunc Salpini quattuor milia passuum progressi ab oppido vetere habitant in salubri loco.
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