étendre la responsabilité – English Translation – Keybot Dictionary

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Il s'agit d'étendre la responsabilité du suivi et de la gestion de la biodiversité aux gestionnaires du territoire, qui pourraient ainsi mieux comprendre cet enjeu et mieux adapter leurs pratiques afin de favoriser l'adaptation des espèces aux nouvelles conditions.
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Living organisms react directly to ecological factors and survive based on their tolerance. Hence, the number of individuals in an ecosystem population is an indicator of their adaptation (Dajoz, 2000) - the higher their tolerance, the better their adaptation, as was shown for fish by Albanese et al. (2004).
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Deuxièmement, je crois qu'une excellente occasion s'offre ici d'étendre la responsabilité des personnes morales à leur pays d'attache. Si les sociétés étaient tenues responsables, dans leur pays, des dommages environnementaux causés dans un État étranger, cela contribuerait beaucoup à équilibrer le régime de responsabilité et permettrait d'imposer, non par un règlement mais par le jeu des forces du marché, un régime de responsabilité dont les conseils d'administration devraient tenir le plus grand compte.
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Second in this area, I believe there's a large opportunity here to expand corporate liability to the home state as well. If corporations were made liable in their home state for environmental damage that they cause in a foreign state, it would even up the liability regime substantially, and would impose, through market forces incidentally, not regulation, a liability regime that boards of directors would have to take very strong account of. And that is a legal step that is very simple and easy to accomplish.
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Pour déterminer s’il faudrait étendre la responsabilité à une nouvelle situation, les tribunaux tiendront compte des facteurs qui se rapportent traditionnellement à l’existence d’un lien étroit comme le rapport qui existe entre les parties, la proximité physique, les obligations présumées ou imposées et le lien étroit de causalité.
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51 It may be foreseeable that carelessness on the part of one negotiating party  may cause an opposite negotiating party economic loss.  Generally, negotiation is undertaken with a view to obtaining mutual economic gain.  Given the bilateral nature of most negotiations, such gains are sometimes obtained at the other party’s expense.  Although negotiations often provide synergistic effects for all concerned, the prospect of causing deprivation by economic loss is implicit in the negotiating environment.  The causal relationship in contractual negotiations is usually significant for a finding of proximity.  In the circumstances of this appeal, the appellant’s pre-existing contractual arrangement with Martel is an impressive indicator of proximity.
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87. Le paragraphe 2 fait expressément état de l'obligation des Parties d'étendre la responsabilité des personnes morales aux affaires où le manque de contrôle au sein de la personne morale rend possible la commission de délits de corruption.
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87. Paragraph 2 expressly mentions Parties' obligation to extend corporate liability to cases where the lack of supervision within the legal person makes it possible to commit the corruption offences. It aims at holding legal persons liable for the omission by persons in a leading position to exercise supervision over the acts committed by subordinate persons acting on behalf of the legal person. A similar provision also exists in the Second Protocol to the European Union Convention on the Protection of the financial interest of the European Communities. As paragraph 1, it does not impose an obligation to establish criminal liability in such cases but some form of liability to be decided by the Contracting Party itself.
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Le paragraphe 2 fait expressément état de l'obligation des Parties contractantes d'étendre la responsabilité des personnes morales aux affaires où l’absence de contrôle au sein de la personne morale rend possible la commission d’infractions de blanchiment pour le compte de la personne morale.
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106. Paragraph 2 expressly mentions the Contracting Parties' obligation to extend corporate liability to cases where the lack of supervision within the legal person makes it possible to commit the money laundering offences. It aims at holding legal persons liable for the omission by persons in a leading position to exercise supervision over the acts committed by subordinate persons acting on behalf of the legal person. A similar provision also exists in Article 3 of the Second Protocol to the European Union Convention on the Protection of the financial interest of the European Community of 19 June 1997. As with paragraph 1, it does not impose an obligation to establish criminal liability in such cases but some form of liability to be decided by the Contracting Party itself.
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Pour déterminer s’il faudrait étendre la responsabilité à une nouvelle situation, les tribunaux tiendront compte des facteurs qui se rapportent traditionnellement à l’existence d’un lien étroit comme le rapport qui existe entre les parties, la proximité physique, les obligations présumées ou imposées et le lien étroit de causalité.
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51 It may be foreseeable that carelessness on the part of one negotiating party  may cause an opposite negotiating party economic loss.  Generally, negotiation is undertaken with a view to obtaining mutual economic gain.  Given the bilateral nature of most negotiations, such gains are sometimes obtained at the other party’s expense.  Although negotiations often provide synergistic effects for all concerned, the prospect of causing deprivation by economic loss is implicit in the negotiating environment.  The causal relationship in contractual negotiations is usually significant for a finding of proximity.  In the circumstances of this appeal, the appellant’s pre-existing contractual arrangement with Martel is an impressive indicator of proximity.