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Le domaine « période prénatale/périnatale » (5 éléments) comprend des facteurs qui peuvent engendrer des déficits neuropsychologiques chez l'enfant ou qui y sont associés (soit, la consommation de substances par la mère pendant la grossesse, les complications liées à la grossesse, les complications liées à la naissance, l'insuffisance pondérale à la naissance et la prématurité).
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In line with earlier studies on physical aggression in childhoodFootnote 46, four indicators were used to measure the level of physical aggression: (a) kicked, bitten, or hit anyone; (b) shoved, pushed; (c) fought (physical); and (d) thrown things at other people. The primary caregiver was asked to determine the frequency of each of those four manifestations using a four-point scale: (0) never; (1) a few times; (2) several times; and (3) very often. The majority of the children sampled for this study had kicked (64%), shoved (68%), fought (22%) or thrown things at someone (51%) at least once in the past year. As a group, this sample of children had been physically aggressive only a few times in the past year: kicked (Mean=1.13, Standard deviation=1.03, Range=0-3), shoved (Mean=1.22, SD=1.03, Range=0-3), fought (Mean=.42, SD=.85, Range=0-3), and thrown things (Mean=.83, SD=.93, Range=0-3). These averages, however, masked the fact that about one-third of our sample had, at least on several occasions, kicked (38%), shoved (32%), fought (16%) or thrown things at someone (28%) in the past year. Preschoolers were more likely to kick/shove than to fight (p<.001) or to throw things at someone (p<.001). They were also more likely to throw something at someone than to fight (p<.001).
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