ne présentait aucun – English Translation – Keybot Dictionary

  www.cra-arc.gc.ca  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	qui auraient pu les aider à accomplir diverses tâches. Cela signifie aussi que les fiscalistes ont critiqué le site parce qu'il ne présentait aucun lien pour eux, puisqu'ils ont manqué le lien intitulé
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine cra-arc.gc.ca as primary domain	Business participants noted some inconsistencies between the name of the link and the heading on the page that the link leads to. One example is the link

  cfs.nrcan.gc.ca  

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La sex-ratio, déterminée pour chaque combinaison site-matériel hôte et pour toutes les années de l’étude, ne présentait aucun écart significatif par rapport à une sex-ratio équilibrée chez les adultes ayant accompli leur cycle en 1 an, mais la proportion de femelles était significativement plus élevée chez ceux ayant accompli leur cycle en 2 ans.

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Data from a 7-year field study was analysed with respect to the effects of spruce windthrow, stumps, and other logging residue on variation in the following factors of spruce beetle populations: adult emergence, adult size and sex ratio, brood development, and brood survival. The mean date of emergence varied from the end of May to mid-June and the length of the emergence period varied from 26 to 57 days. Mean emergence date was not significantly affected by study site or host material. In combined samples for all years, there was no significant difference from a balanced sex ratio in 1-year-cycle adults by each combination of host type and study site, but there was significant female bias in 2-year-cycle adults. In both stumps and windthrow, the overall mean size (width of the pronotum) of beetles was significantly greater for 2-year-cycle beetles than for 1-year-cycle beetles, particularly in stumps (stumps: 2.20 vs. 2.65 mm; windfall: 2.45 vs. 2.59 mm), and was related to host quality. The first spring following attack, mean development index in stumps was significantly greater than in windthrow. In windthrow attacked during 1976, 5.4 and 0.7% of the broods developed on a 3-year cycle at the two study sites. At both study sites the percentage of 1-year-cycle beetles from stumps was significantly greater than from windthrow. Over the study period, 59% of all beetles emerged per year from stand edges plus logging residue, indicating the significance of harvesting operations in providing brood habitat for endemic populations. The large increases in population levels over the study period in stumps and windthrow at the two study sites did not result in increases in attacks on living trees. The results are discussed in relation to spruce beetle population dynamics.

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Nous avons examiné la structure et les propriétés physicochimiques des amidons de différents cultivars de féverole (FV), de haricot noir (HN) et de haricot pinto (HP). Dans les amidons de FV, de nombreux granules étaient fendillés, tandis que la surface des amidons de HP et de HN ne présentait aucun signe de fentes ou d’indentations.

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The structure and physicochemical properties of pulse starches isolated from different cultivars of faba bean (FB), black bean (BB) and pinto bean (PB) were examined. FB starches exhibited numerous cracked granules, whereas the surface of PB and BB starches showed no evidence of cracks or indentations. Apparent amylose, phosphorus and bound lipid contents ranged from 25.8 to 33.6%, 0.004 to 0.009% and 0.13 to 0.15%, respectively. Variations in the above parameters among cultivars of FB and BB were marginal, but significant (P < 0.05) among cultivars of PB. All starches exhibited a 'C' type X-ray pattern. The amount of B-type unit cells ranged from 20.6 to 25.0% (FB), 15.4 to 17.7% (BB) and 7.9 to 17.3% (PB). Relative crystallinity ranged from 20.3 to 21.9% (FB), 20.4 to 21.3% (BB) and 21.3 to 23.1% (PB). Molecular order near the granule surface followed the order: BB ~ PB > FB. Variations in molecular order among cultivars of FB, BB and PB were marginal. Differences in amylopectin chain length distribution among FB, BB and PB starches and among cultivars were marginal. The extent of interaction of amylopectin double helical associations within the crystalline lamella followed the order: BB ~ PB > FB. Amylose leaching (AML) in the temperature range 60-90 °C, gelatinization temperatures and enthalpy of gelatinization followed the order: FB > BB ~ PB, FB > PB > BB, BB ~ PB > FB and BB ~ PB > FB, respectively. Variations in AML among cultivars were marginal in FB, but significant (P < 0.05) in BB and PB starches. Swelling factor (SF) in the temperature range 60 to 85 °C and at 90 °C followed the order: FB > BB ~ PB and BB ~ PB > FB, respectively. Differences in SF among cultivars of FB and BB starches were more significant (P < 0.05) at temperatures below 80 °C, whereas, in PB starches, differences among cultivars were more significant (P < 0.05) at temperatures above 80 °C. Variations in peak viscosity, viscosity breakdown and set-back were marginal among FB cultivars, but were significant (P < 0.05) among BB and PB (PB > BB) cultivars. FB starches were hydrolyzed by 2.2 N HCl at a faster rate than BB and PB starches (BB > PB). The amounts of rapidly digestible starch (RDS), slowly digestible starch (SDS), resistant starch (RS), hydrolysis index (HI) and expected glycemic index (eGI) followed the order: FB > BB ~ PB, FB > BB ~ PB, BB ~ PB > FB, FB > BB > PB and FB > BB > PB, respectively. Variations in RDS, SDS, RS, HI and eGI among cultivars followed the or

  pslreb-crtefp.gc.ca  

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Mme White a témoigné que, si les plaignants ont déclaré qu'ils n'étaient pas d'accord avec les conclusions tirées par M. Trask, le fait qu'ils n'ont pas interjeté appel de cette décision signifie à son sens qu'en bout de ligne, ils conviennent que le lieu de travail ne présentait aucun danger.

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[11] As a result of her discussions with the Complainants, and her review of the reports, Ms. White concluded that neither Complainant was happy about the manner in which the issue of the water shut-off was handled. They were concerned about the level of confusion and felt that management should have been better equipped to handle the situation. Ms. White testified that while the Complainants stated they did not agree with Mr. Trask's conclusions, the fact they were not appealing his decision meant to her that they ultimately agreed the workplace was not unsafe. Ms. White also knew that Ms. Kinhnicki did not approve of the manner in which Mr. Trask handled the issue. She testified that she did not appreciate Mr. Trask's demeanour at the October 12 meeting; she felt that Mr. Trask was addressing Ms. Kinhnicki in a disciplinary tone and noted that, as a result, she had refocused the meeting. Ms. White concluded there was a lot of confusion surrounding the issue of the water shut-off, that the action taken by the Complainants was not malicious, nor was their action intended to harm the Employer. However, she felt obliged to deduct two hours pay for work not done, and that is what she did. The Complainants were notified of Director White's decision by correspondence dated October 25, 2001 (Exhibits C-12 and C-13), which noted:

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Prêt à entrer en fonction sur-le-champ, il investit tous ses efforts à faire adopter une motion de censure aux Communes. Si une élection s'avérait nécessaire, l'issue ne présentait aucun doute dans son esprit.

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The result was a stunning victory for the Conservatives, just seven seats short of a majority. In Ontario, the Maritimes, and British Columbia, they made a near sweep. Even on the prairies, where Meighen was returned in Portage la Prairie, they picked up ridings in Manitoba and urban Alberta. Quebec was a disappointment - just four anglophone Tory mps were returned - but Patenaude's presence had doubled the Conservatives' share of the popular vote. When King determined to carry on with Progressive support, despite losing his own seat, Meighen decided on a bold move to win back needed Quebec support. The death of the Liberal mp for Bagot opened a by-election there in December. The Conservative candidate was Guillaume-André Fauteux, one of Meighen's francophone ministers from 1921. To boost his candidacy, Meighen announced a dramatic shift in policy. In the event of a future war, his government would seek electoral endorsement before sending troops overseas. The venue for his speech was not Bagot, but Hamilton, Ont., though he repeated the pledge in person and in French while campaigning for Fauteux. Unfortunately, the gambit was not only insufficient to win Bagot, it also upset a number of imperialist Conservatives, notably Ontario premier George Howard Ferguson*.

  www.eti.kit.edu  

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À la même époque, la région faisait l’expérience de la première arrivée de populations non autochtones, attirées par la promesse fallacieuse de terres agricoles bon marché et fertiles. Pour de nombreux colons européens, la terre ne présentait aucun intérêt avant que le marais ne soit transformé en terre cultivable.

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At the same time, the area experienced the first influx of non-native peoples, lured by the false promise of cheap and fertile agricultural land. For many European settlers, the land was thought useless until swamp was turned into farmland. Large-scale draining canals were begun in the 1880, and dredging in the early 20th cen. Gladesmen, white hunters and fishermen, braving mosquitos and hurricanes and living off the land, also understood this complex natural environment. Florida Women’s Clubs were key in establishing protection, including establishing Royal Palm State Park, which eventually became part of the Everglades.

  www.fpslreb-crtespf.gc.ca  

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Mme White a témoigné que, si les plaignants ont déclaré qu'ils n'étaient pas d'accord avec les conclusions tirées par M. Trask, le fait qu'ils n'ont pas interjeté appel de cette décision signifie à son sens qu'en bout de ligne, ils conviennent que le lieu de travail ne présentait aucun danger.

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[11] As a result of her discussions with the Complainants, and her review of the reports, Ms. White concluded that neither Complainant was happy about the manner in which the issue of the water shut-off was handled. They were concerned about the level of confusion and felt that management should have been better equipped to handle the situation. Ms. White testified that while the Complainants stated they did not agree with Mr. Trask's conclusions, the fact they were not appealing his decision meant to her that they ultimately agreed the workplace was not unsafe. Ms. White also knew that Ms. Kinhnicki did not approve of the manner in which Mr. Trask handled the issue. She testified that she did not appreciate Mr. Trask's demeanour at the October 12 meeting; she felt that Mr. Trask was addressing Ms. Kinhnicki in a disciplinary tone and noted that, as a result, she had refocused the meeting. Ms. White concluded there was a lot of confusion surrounding the issue of the water shut-off, that the action taken by the Complainants was not malicious, nor was their action intended to harm the Employer. However, she felt obliged to deduct two hours pay for work not done, and that is what she did. The Complainants were notified of Director White's decision by correspondence dated October 25, 2001 (Exhibits C-12 and C-13), which noted:

  avlida.hotelsinpaphos.net  

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En cas de dégradation, les réparations ont immédiatement eu lieu lorsque cela était nécessaire ou ont été planifiées en ligne avec nos politiques de maintenance si ce report ne présentait aucun risque pour la sûreté nucléaire.

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Where deterioration was identified, the necessary repair work was carried out immediately or, if there was no nuclear safety risk, was scheduled in accordance with our maintenance policy. Nuclear safety is our company’s top priority. Electrabel has always reported the condition of the concrete to the FANC and taken the necessary actions in consultation with them. We have a continuous maintenance programme in which we invest huge amounts, approximately € 200 million per year (in addition to the € 1.3 billion being spent on the lifetime extension). So it’s very important to stress that our power plants are not defective. The issue here is one of nuclear safety, which is something that we have never compromised on and never will.”

  news.ontario.ca  

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Avec l'aide de la Commission des normes techniques et de la sécurité (CNTS), il a été confirmé que la chaudière ne présentait aucun défaut mécanique visible et que son installation et son système de ventilation avaient été réalisés à l'origine conformément aux codes et directives de fonctionnement applicables.

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With the assistance of the Technical Standards and Safety Authority (TSSA), it was confirmed that there were no mechanical defects evident in the boiler system, and that it was originally installed and vented according to code and operating specifications. Despite this, the airflow reversed, causing carbon monoxide fumes to enter the home, resulting in the death. Most fuel-burning furnaces, boilers and hot water heaters consume large quantities of air from inside the house, and exhaust it to the outside. The house must therefore be adequately vented so that this air can be replaced, otherwise chimney flow may reverse and fumes may enter the home. Any renovations to a home, which makes it more airtight, such as new doors or windows, may require the addition of venting to ensure adequate airflow to the furnace, boiler, or hot water heater.

  www.wto.int  

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Quant aux mesures phytosanitaires visant les importations de bananes, le Brésil était prêt à autoriser l'importation de bananes dès qu'il serait prouvé scientifiquement qu'elle ne présentait aucun risque.

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On the Deliberative Coffee Council, the representative said that the council, with government and private sector representation, had been recently created to define technical, research and financial policies and programmes for the coffee industry. On phytosanitary measures affecting banana imports, he stated that Brazil was prepared to allow banana imports as soon as there was scientific proof that they did not represent a risk. The Brazilian authorities were already engaged in discussions with the WTO member concerned.

  5 Hits hc-sc.gc.ca  

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Ainsi, toutes les politiques de Santé Canada liées aux aliments et autres produits régis par le ministère contenant des ingrédients d'origine bovine reflétaient cette assurance que le cheptel canadien ne présentait aucun risque mesurable d'ESB pour la santé des Canadiens.

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Prior to the finding of a cow positive for BSE in May, 2003, the Government of Canada's position was that Canada was "BSE-free." On this basis, all Health Canada policies relating to food, or other Health Canada regulated products containing bovine ingredients reflected the view that the sourcing of bovine ingredients from domestic Canadian animals posed no measurable bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) risk to the health of Canadians.

  7 Hits parl.gc.ca  

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Ils nous ont envoyé les vérificateurs d'un gros cabinet comptable et nous ont fait clairement comprendre que sauver la compagnie ne présentait aucun intérêt pour eux, pas plus que l'impact sur les créanciers.

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Anyway, they put in a monitor, and we had no say as to the monitor or the expenses of that monitor. That monitor was in place for one year, and they put in senior auditors from a major accounting firm, who made it clear to us they had zero interest in saving the company or in the impact on the creditors. During that year they also hired their own lawyers—and they could do this under boilerplate legislation—who, in turn, also, along with the auditors, cost my company, as we were trying to work our way through this, roughly $5,000 to $6,000 a month.

  5 Hits www.hc-sc.gc.ca  

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Ainsi, toutes les politiques de Santé Canada liées aux aliments et autres produits régis par le ministère contenant des ingrédients d'origine bovine reflétaient cette assurance que le cheptel canadien ne présentait aucun risque mesurable d'ESB pour la santé des Canadiens.

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Prior to the finding of a cow positive for BSE in May, 2003, the Government of Canada's position was that Canada was "BSE-free." On this basis, all Health Canada policies relating to food, or other Health Canada regulated products containing bovine ingredients reflected the view that the sourcing of bovine ingredients from domestic Canadian animals posed no measurable bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) risk to the health of Canadians.

  lubricants.petro-canada.ca  

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Minterbrook a aussi commencé à utiliser les fluides hydrauliques PURITY FG AW dans ses plus gros navires de pêche en mai 2004 et, six mois plus tard, le fluide hydraulique ne présentait aucun signe de dégradation.

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“PURITY FG AW Hydraulic Fluid is one product that can be used in all of our equipment so there is a cost saving,” said Wiksten. “Plus, there has been no downtime and no effect on productivity as a result of the change in product. The hydraulic fluid is simply terrific and the PURITY FG grease has superior water resistance; the bearings are constantly in salt water and exposed to high levels of grit; there has been no visible signs of moisture seeps into the bearings. It is a very durable product.”

  15 Hits scc.lexum.org  

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Il se peut que la machine en question,—qui, selon le juge de première instance, n’était pas en soi une machine dangereuse et qui, de toute évidence, selon le témoignage même d’un témoin de l’appelant, ne présentait aucun danger quant au travail assigné à ce dernier,—ne soit pas tolérée dans un établissement industriel ou commercial, genre d’établissement qui n’est certes pas celui de la ferme de l’intimé.

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It may be that the machine in question—which, according to the trial judge, was not a dangerous machine per se, and which from all indications, even according to the testimony of one of appellant’s witnesses, involved no danger in terms of the work assigned to the appellant—is not one tolerated in an industrial or commercial establishment, an establishment which is certainly not of the same type as that of respondent’s farm. While an offence against the aforementioned Act or Regulations may result in a fine for the person responsible, it does not

  15 Hits csc.lexum.org  

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Il se peut que la machine en question,—qui, selon le juge de première instance, n’était pas en soi une machine dangereuse et qui, de toute évidence, selon le témoignage même d’un témoin de l’appelant, ne présentait aucun danger quant au travail assigné à ce dernier,—ne soit pas tolérée dans un établissement industriel ou commercial, genre d’établissement qui n’est certes pas celui de la ferme de l’intimé.

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It may be that the machine in question—which, according to the trial judge, was not a dangerous machine per se, and which from all indications, even according to the testimony of one of appellant’s witnesses, involved no danger in terms of the work assigned to the appellant—is not one tolerated in an industrial or commercial establishment, an establishment which is certainly not of the same type as that of respondent’s farm. While an offence against the aforementioned Act or Regulations may result in a fine for the person responsible, it does not

  2 Hits www.epo.org  

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La chambre a considéré qu'une telle procédure ne présentait aucun intérêt compte tenu de la conclusion positive à laquelle était parvenue la chambre en ce qui concerne la question de l'activité inventive, et de l'absence de tout autre problème de fond et/ou de procédure.

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In their statement of grounds of appeal the appellants in T 494/92 made an unconditional request for oral proceedings. The board stated that in view of the positive conclusion it had reached regarding the question of inventive step, and in the absence of any other substantive and/or procedural issues, such oral proceedings would serve no purpose. The board thus treated the request as merely conditional.

  www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca  

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Cette étude a démontré que le sel de voirie ne présentait aucun risque pour la santé humaine mais qu'il avait des effets néfastes pour le sol, la nappe phréatique, les rivières et les cours d'eau, la végétation, les poissons et la faune.

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This recommendation came from a five-year study conducted by Environment Canada on the environmental implications of using salt as a de-icing agent for road maintenance in the winter and as a dust suppressant on gravel roads in the summer. The study found that while road salt posed no threat to human health, it did have a negative effect on soil, groundwater, rivers and streams, vegetation, fish and wildlife.

  www.nss.gc.ca  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	mais seulement pendant deux autres mois. En août 2001, il avait dû retourner à l'hôpital plusieurs fois pour des troubles rénaux, mais ne présentait aucun signe de problèmes neurologiques.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine nss.gc.ca as primary domain	The patient spent two months in hospital and needed post-hospital dialysis, but was weaned off within two months. As of August 2001, he was in and out of hospital with kidney problems, but had suffered no neurological difficulties.

  www.cnsc.gc.ca  

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Dans ce cas, un porteur de cibles groupées vibrait sous l’effet du débit du caloporteur et provoquait des déclenchements du taux-log à de faibles niveaux de puissance. EACL a découvert l’origine du problème : la défaillance d’une soudure du bras guide des cibles groupées. Elle a précisé que le problème ne présentait aucun risque pour la sûreté.

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On the second day of the hearing, AECL reported a problem with the function of a process water system flow control valve. These valves control the flow of process water through the secondary side of the heat exchanger. In this instance the valve problem was causing the primary coolant inlet temperature to fluctuate, making an accurate measurement of the reactor thermal power output impossible. The valves were replaced and the system is now functioning properly.

  sensiseeds.com  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	À maintes reprises, il a été démontré que le cannabis ne présentait aucun risque de décès par overdose. Ainsi, contrairement à l’héroïne, à l’alcool, à la cocaïne et à bon nombre d’autres drogues illégales (et de nombreux médicaments sur prescription également !), consommer trop de cannabis ne saurait mettre en danger la vie d’un humain.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine sensiseeds.com as primary domain	Again and again, it has been shown that cannabis carries no risk of death from overdose. So, unlike heroin, alcohol, cocaine and many other illegal drugs (and plenty of prescription medications too!), taking too much cannabis will not kill a human. It has been impossible to establish a median lethal dose of THC for humans, as recorded fatalities are non-existent.

  www.a-derma.ca  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Comme vous pourrez le constater, l’AFSSAPS a confirmé que l’emploi des principaux esters de parabens les plus couramment utilisés en cosmétique, ne présentait aucun risque.
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  2 Hits www.agr.ca  

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Nous avons examiné la structure et les propriétés physicochimiques des amidons de différents cultivars de féverole (FV), de haricot noir (HN) et de haricot pinto (HP). Dans les amidons de FV, de nombreux granules étaient fendillés, tandis que la surface des amidons de HP et de HN ne présentait aucun signe de fentes ou d’indentations.

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The structure and physicochemical properties of pulse starches isolated from different cultivars of faba bean (FB), black bean (BB) and pinto bean (PB) were examined. FB starches exhibited numerous cracked granules, whereas the surface of PB and BB starches showed no evidence of cracks or indentations. Apparent amylose, phosphorus and bound lipid contents ranged from 25.8 to 33.6%, 0.004 to 0.009% and 0.13 to 0.15%, respectively. Variations in the above parameters among cultivars of FB and BB were marginal, but significant (P < 0.05) among cultivars of PB. All starches exhibited a 'C' type X-ray pattern. The amount of B-type unit cells ranged from 20.6 to 25.0% (FB), 15.4 to 17.7% (BB) and 7.9 to 17.3% (PB). Relative crystallinity ranged from 20.3 to 21.9% (FB), 20.4 to 21.3% (BB) and 21.3 to 23.1% (PB). Molecular order near the granule surface followed the order: BB ~ PB > FB. Variations in molecular order among cultivars of FB, BB and PB were marginal. Differences in amylopectin chain length distribution among FB, BB and PB starches and among cultivars were marginal. The extent of interaction of amylopectin double helical associations within the crystalline lamella followed the order: BB ~ PB > FB. Amylose leaching (AML) in the temperature range 60-90 °C, gelatinization temperatures and enthalpy of gelatinization followed the order: FB > BB ~ PB, FB > PB > BB, BB ~ PB > FB and BB ~ PB > FB, respectively. Variations in AML among cultivars were marginal in FB, but significant (P < 0.05) in BB and PB starches. Swelling factor (SF) in the temperature range 60 to 85 °C and at 90 °C followed the order: FB > BB ~ PB and BB ~ PB > FB, respectively. Differences in SF among cultivars of FB and BB starches were more significant (P < 0.05) at temperatures below 80 °C, whereas, in PB starches, differences among cultivars were more significant (P < 0.05) at temperatures above 80 °C. Variations in peak viscosity, viscosity breakdown and set-back were marginal among FB cultivars, but were significant (P < 0.05) among BB and PB (PB > BB) cultivars. FB starches were hydrolyzed by 2.2 N HCl at a faster rate than BB and PB starches (BB > PB). The amounts of rapidly digestible starch (RDS), slowly digestible starch (SDS), resistant starch (RS), hydrolysis index (HI) and expected glycemic index (eGI) followed the order: FB > BB ~ PB, FB > BB ~ PB, BB ~ PB > FB, FB > BB > PB and FB > BB > PB, respectively. Variations in RDS, SDS, RS, HI and eGI among cultivars followed the or

  www.encyclopedia-deti.com  

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Une recension systématique de Cochrane13 a conclu que le fait d'ajouter des DHA aux préparations commerciales pour nourrissons ne présentait aucun avantage à long terme, à l'exception possible des avantages concernant l'accélération du taux de maturation visuelle précoce.

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The biological basis for feeding infants human milk early in life to produce positive neurodevelopmental outcomes is uncertain, but DHA and AA, which have their greatest effect on the rapidly developing immature brain, appear to be the key elements for consideration. More than a dozen clinical trials have compared feeding LBW infants formulas that contain DHA±AA to feeding them formulas that do not contain these nutrients, with some trials including a breastfed reference control group. A Cochrane systematic review13 concluded that no long-term benefit was derived from supplementing formula with DHA, with the possible exception of benefit to accelerating the rate of early visual maturation. Since this review, three reported randomized clinical trials with reasonably large sample sizes produced inconsistent results. Positive benefits to visual acuity,14,15 language, and developmental outcomes14 were observed in preterm infants fed formula with added DHA and AA for at least 28 days in early life. In a study of similar design16 the addition of DHA/AA produced no significant effect in cognitive and motor development up to 18 months of age in former preterm infants. In both studies, breastfed reference infants demonstrated outcomes of visual acuity or neurodevelopment that were significantly more advanced than infants receiving the formula supplemented with DHA/AA. Deficits in growth, in weight and/or length among infants fed formula supplemented with LCPUFA have been observed inconsistently, but Simmer13 concluded there was no overall negative impact on growth among infants fed such formulas. Nevertheless, a recent randomized trial in the United Kingdom revealed that even 18 months after the completion of the dietary intervention of formula supplemented with DHA+AA, a significant growth deficit in the length of infants was observed.16

  2 Hits www.listeriosis-listeriose.investigation-enquete.gc.ca  

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Nous avons examiné la structure et les propriétés physicochimiques des amidons de différents cultivars de féverole (FV), de haricot noir (HN) et de haricot pinto (HP). Dans les amidons de FV, de nombreux granules étaient fendillés, tandis que la surface des amidons de HP et de HN ne présentait aucun signe de fentes ou d’indentations.

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The structure and physicochemical properties of pulse starches isolated from different cultivars of faba bean (FB), black bean (BB) and pinto bean (PB) were examined. FB starches exhibited numerous cracked granules, whereas the surface of PB and BB starches showed no evidence of cracks or indentations. Apparent amylose, phosphorus and bound lipid contents ranged from 25.8 to 33.6%, 0.004 to 0.009% and 0.13 to 0.15%, respectively. Variations in the above parameters among cultivars of FB and BB were marginal, but significant (P < 0.05) among cultivars of PB. All starches exhibited a 'C' type X-ray pattern. The amount of B-type unit cells ranged from 20.6 to 25.0% (FB), 15.4 to 17.7% (BB) and 7.9 to 17.3% (PB). Relative crystallinity ranged from 20.3 to 21.9% (FB), 20.4 to 21.3% (BB) and 21.3 to 23.1% (PB). Molecular order near the granule surface followed the order: BB ~ PB > FB. Variations in molecular order among cultivars of FB, BB and PB were marginal. Differences in amylopectin chain length distribution among FB, BB and PB starches and among cultivars were marginal. The extent of interaction of amylopectin double helical associations within the crystalline lamella followed the order: BB ~ PB > FB. Amylose leaching (AML) in the temperature range 60-90 °C, gelatinization temperatures and enthalpy of gelatinization followed the order: FB > BB ~ PB, FB > PB > BB, BB ~ PB > FB and BB ~ PB > FB, respectively. Variations in AML among cultivars were marginal in FB, but significant (P < 0.05) in BB and PB starches. Swelling factor (SF) in the temperature range 60 to 85 °C and at 90 °C followed the order: FB > BB ~ PB and BB ~ PB > FB, respectively. Differences in SF among cultivars of FB and BB starches were more significant (P < 0.05) at temperatures below 80 °C, whereas, in PB starches, differences among cultivars were more significant (P < 0.05) at temperatures above 80 °C. Variations in peak viscosity, viscosity breakdown and set-back were marginal among FB cultivars, but were significant (P < 0.05) among BB and PB (PB > BB) cultivars. FB starches were hydrolyzed by 2.2 N HCl at a faster rate than BB and PB starches (BB > PB). The amounts of rapidly digestible starch (RDS), slowly digestible starch (SDS), resistant starch (RS), hydrolysis index (HI) and expected glycemic index (eGI) followed the order: FB > BB ~ PB, FB > BB ~ PB, BB ~ PB > FB, FB > BB > PB and FB > BB > PB, respectively. Variations in RDS, SDS, RS, HI and eGI among cultivars followed the or