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Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	[TRADUCTION] Le danger appelle le sauvetage. Le cri de détresse représente la demande pressante d’aide. Le droit ne met pas de côté ces réactions de
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine scc.lexum.org as primary domain	Danger invites rescue. The cry of distress is the summons to relief. The law does not ignore these reactions of the mind in tracing conduct to its conse-

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Des quatre témoins de cette conversation, seul Botham a déposé au procès; il a déclaré ignorer à ce moment l’importance de l’affaire cri­minelle sur laquelle il enquêtait et ne pas savoir que l’appelant serait arrêté peu après la conversa­tion.

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We know little about the circumstances of the conversation between Const. Botham and appel­lant. Of the four witnesses to this conversation, only Botham gave evidence; he said that at the time he did not know that he was investigating an important criminal operation and that appellant was to be arrested shortly after the conversation. There is no evidence as to the actions of the other constable prior to and during the conversation between appellant and Botham.

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[TRADUCTION] C’est une règle formelle du droit cri­minel anglais depuis longtemps établie qu’aucune décla­ration d’un accusé n’est recevable contre lui à titre de preuve, à moins que l’accusation ne prouve qu’il s’agit d’une déclaration volontaire, c’est-à-dire qu’elle n’a pas été obtenue par crainte d’un préjudice ou dans l’espoir d’un avantage dispensés ou promis par une personne ayant autorité.

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It has long been established as a positive rule of English criminal law, that no statement by an accused is admissible in evidence against him unless it is shewn [sic] by the prosecution to have been a voluntary statement, in the sense that it has not been obtained from him either by fear of prejudice or hope of advantage exercised or held out by a person in authority. The principle is as old as Lord Hale.

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663(1), cette définition se trouve dans une partie du Code cri­minel qui traite des appels; et, deuxièmement, cette définition n’en détermine pas la validité, pas plus que la validité n’est établie parce qu’une ordonnance rendue en vertu de l’art.

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I find these reservations in turn diluted by the agreement of Matas J.A. with the view of Haines J. in Re Torek and The Queen[12] that compensat­ing victims of crime is a valid object in sentencing. I am unable to appreciate, therefore, why there should be any doubt about the validity of a com­pensation provision, tied to the sentencing process as is s. 653, unless refuge is taken in a renewal of a notion that there is a proper domain of criminal law which forecloses an extension of the scheme of sanctions, although, admittedly, there is a rational connection between that part of s. 653 which is challenged and that part which is valid: see Papp v. Papp[13], at p. 336.

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Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Le juge Hinkson a examiné la jurisprudence en matière de justice préventive. Abstraction faite de la question de savoir si le fait d’exiger qu’une personne s’engage à ne pas troubler l’ordre public relève du pouvoir fédéral en matière de droit cri-
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine scc.lexum.org as primary domain	The case law on preventive justice has been canvassed by Hinkson J.A. Apart from the question whether binding over a person to keep the peace falls within the federal criminal law power, a question which does not call for decision here,

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Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	[traduction] En ce qui concerne l'argument voulant que son exclamation «Pour l'amour du ciel, arrêtez!» ait pu valoir retrait du consentement, il ne fait aucun doute que le préjudice avait déjà été subi avant qu'elle ne pousse son cri.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine scc.lexum.org as primary domain	With respect to the suggestion that the consent might have been withdrawn by her exclamation, "For God's sake, stop," it is beyond dispute that the damage had already been done before her cry.  On the evidence, in any event, such a cry could well have been interpreted to mean, "My God, stop hurting me."

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Si l'on tient pour acquis que son état d'intoxication ne l'a pas empêché de former l'intention requise (ce sur quoi je reviendrai en examinant la troisième question), l'appelant avait l'intention d'utiliser le fusil pour expulser les policiers de la maison de sa mère. Cela ressort manifestement de son cri [TRADUCTION] "Vous sortez ou je vous sors".

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Section 85 requires proof of possession and proof that the purpose of that possession was one dangerous to the public peace.  There must at some point in time be a meeting of these two elements.  Generally, the purpose will have been formed prior to the taking of possession and will continue as possession is taken.  That is the case before us.  Assuming that the appellant was capable of forming the requisite intent notwithstanding his intoxication (a matter dealt with under the third issue), he intended to use the shotgun to expel the police officers from his mother's house.  This is evident from his shouting "You get out, or I'll get you out".  He then took possession of the gun.  At that point in time, the offence was complete.

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Des motifs pratiques en justifiaient le maintien et la confirmation de cette pratique, dans le Code cri­minel de 1892 et au cours des années suivantes, n’a nullement, selon mon interprétation de la jurispru­dence, mis en doute le pouvoir fédéral d’accorder aux provinces le pouvoir d’engager des poursuites en vue d’appliquer le droit criminel fédéral, et de réglementer ce pouvoir.

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was continued after 1867 into post-1867 by virtue of s. 129. It was a practical accommodation to allow this to continue, and the affirmation of this practice under the 1892 Criminal Code and in ensuing years did not, as I read the authorities, cast any doubt on federal authority to invest and regulate provincial prosecutorial power to enforce the federal criminal law. Re Public Inquiries Act (1919), 3 W.W.R. 115, does not disturb this view. One would have expected an attempt by the prov­inces, soon after Confederation, or even later at some point in constitutional evolution, to assert an independent provincial authority to control pros­ecutions of the criminal law. There was none, and there is still none, save for the objection taken to the inclusion of the federal Attorney General in the definition of s. 2.

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Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Dans notre système juridique, on ne considère pas comme inéquitable ou oppressif le fait qu’un accusé, une fois sa condamnation annulée, ait à subir un nouveau procès, même à plusieurs reprises, sous la même accusation. En d’autres termes, on n’estime pas souhaitable qu’un cri-
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine scc.lexum.org as primary domain	In our legal system, it is not considered unfair or oppressive to have an accused undergo several trials on the same charge when his conviction is quashed even if this happens repeatedly. In other words, it is not considered desirable that a criminal should escape punishment for a misdeed

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[TRADUCTION]  Huit Sachems, de différentes nations qui étaient récemment alliées à l'ennemi, se sont rendus en leur nom et en celui de leurs tribus au général Murray:  ces personnes, après avoir discuté avec Son Excellence et après que toutes les questions eurent été réglées à leur satisfaction, se sont rendus sur la rive opposée à Montréal, ont brandi leurs couteaux et leurs haches et ont lancé leur cri de guerre, indiquant aux Français qu'ils étaient maintenant devenus nos alliés et leurs ennemis.

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Eight Sachems, of different nations, lately in alliance with the enemy, have surrendered, for themselves and their tribes, to General Murray:  these fellows, after conferring with his Excellency, and that all matters had been adjusted to their satisfaction, stepped out to the beach opposite to Montreal, flourished their knives and hatchets, and set up the war‑shout; intimating to the French, that they are now become our allies and their enemies.  While these Chieftains were negotiating a peace, two of our Mohawks entered the apartment where they were with the General and Colonel Burton . . .  [Emphasis added.]

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intimée d’une ordonnance de prohibition interdi­sant toutes procédures ultérieures contre le présent appelant à la suite d’une dénonciation et d’une sommation l’inculpant d’une infraction prévue à l’art. 224 (maintenant l’art. 236) du Code cri­minel.

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present respondent from an order of prohibition, which prohibited any further proceedings against the present appellant under an information and summons charging him with an offence under s. 224 (now s. 236) of the Criminal Code. The order of prohibition was set aside. I will refer to the relevant sections of the Code by the num­bers which they bore at the time the offence charged is alleged to have been committed.

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Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Que les coroners ne constituent pas une cour et encore moins une cour d’archives d’après la légis­lation du Québec me semble une conclusion conforme aux données que l’on retrouve dans le Code criminel.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine scc.lexum.org as primary domain	The conclusion that coroners do not constitute a court, even less a court of record, under the legisla­tion of Quebec, appears to me to be in accordance with the provisions found in the Criminal Code. A "court of criminal jurisdiction" is defined as follows in s. 2:

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12 Mme Ghyslaine Pomerleau, qui résidait à proximité du domicile de Laurent Taillefer, a témoigné avoir entendu un cri « anormalement long » d’une adolescente provenant des environs de la résidence de Laurent Taillefer durant la nuit du 9 au 10 mars 1990.

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12 Ghyslaine Pomerleau, who lived near Laurent Taillefer’s apartment, testified that she had heard the [translation] “unusually long” scream of a teenaged girl coming from around Laurent Taillefer’s home during the night of March 9 to 10, 1990.  She said that she had heard the scream after seeing an unpleasant scene in a movie on television.  The evidence further established that the scene in question had aired at midnight.

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12 Mme Ghyslaine Pomerleau, qui résidait à proximité du domicile de Laurent Taillefer, a témoigné avoir entendu un cri « anormalement long » d’une adolescente provenant des environs de la résidence de Laurent Taillefer durant la nuit du 9 au 10 mars 1990.

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12 Ghyslaine Pomerleau, who lived near Laurent Taillefer’s apartment, testified that she had heard the [translation] “unusually long” scream of a teenaged girl coming from around Laurent Taillefer’s home during the night of March 9 to 10, 1990.  She said that she had heard the scream after seeing an unpleasant scene in a movie on television.  The evidence further established that the scene in question had aired at midnight.

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Même si une telle loi pouvait être décrite comme portant sur les enquêtes relatives à des infractions et ainsi sembler relever de l’administration de la justice, une telle loi porterait véritablement sur la procédure en matière cri­minelle et relèverait donc de la compétence exclusive du Parlement.

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In Di Iorio v. Montreal Jail Warden, [1978] 1 S.C.R. 152, ... the Supreme Court of Canada accepted that there is a degree of overlapping between the powers assigned to Parliament under s. 91(27) and those assigned to the provinces under s. 92(14) and that a matter which for some purpose may fall within the scope of the federal power over criminal law and procedure may also fall within the legitimate concern of the prov­inces as pertaining to the administration of justice (per Dickson J. at p. 207).

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De même je ne vois aucune raison de douter de la validité constitutionnelle de l’art. 655 qui traite de la disposition de biens qui sont devant la Cour au moment du procès criminel. C’est une partie accessoire du processus criminel que de présenter au tribunal l’objet du délit ou de le confier à sa garde.

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Similarly I see no reason for putting in doubt the constitutional validity of s. 655 dealing with the disposition of property that is before the Court at the time of a criminal trial. It is an incidental part of the criminal process to bring before the Court or to put within its control the corpus delicti. This makes it necessary to provide for the proper disposition of such things when the trial is over and I consider it clear that it is part of the proper scope of criminal procedure. Even if it could possibly be left to be determined by the action of a civil court, it would be unreasonable to deny the practical necessity for an immediate disposition by the criminal court which is properly seized of the question as an incident of the adjudi­cation over the criminal accusation.

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Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	POURVOI contre un jugement de la Cour d’ap­pel de la Saskatchewan[1], qui a accueilli l’appel de l’intimé contre le rejet de son appel par procès de novo, après avoir été déclaré coupable d’avoir refusé de fournir un échantillon de son haleine et ce, en contravention du par. 235(2) du Code cri­minel.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine scc.lexum.org as primary domain	APPEAL from a judgment of the Court of Appeal for Saskatchewan[1], allowing an appeal by the respondent from the dismissal of his appeal by way of trial de novo following his conviction for refusing to provide a breath sample contrary to s. 235(2) of the Criminal Code. Appeal allowed and conviction restored.

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Il a commencé ensuite à se déshabiller lui‑même. La plaignante l'a prié de ne pas le faire. Comme la plaignante allait crier, l'accusé lui a fourré un vêtement dans la bouche afin d'étouffer le cri. L'accusé l'a frappée sur le sourcil.

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11.              The accused lay down on the victim and tried to kiss her. She attempted to turn away but he held the back of her head by the hair so that she could not move. She tried to bite his lips. The accused tore her night‑dress and pushed it off her. He then began to take his clothes off. The complainant pleaded with him not to do it. The complainant was going to scream. The accused stuffed a piece of clothing in her mouth to stifle the scream. The accused struck her with his hand across the eyebrow. He told her that if she tried to scream, he was going to see to it that she never talked again. She lay motionless while the accused finished undressing himself.

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Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Les auteurs s’entendent généralement pour dire que l’expres­sion peut avoir deux sens. Dans son ouvrage Cri­minal Law, The General Part (2e éd., 1961) Glan­ville Williams établit une distinction entre ces deux sens:
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine scc.lexum.org as primary domain	Difficulty arises, however, from the vagueness in law of the notion of "motive". There would appear to be substantial agreement amongst textwriters that there are two possible meanings to be ascribed to the term. Glanville Williams in his Criminal Law, The General Part (2nd ed., 1961) distin­guishes between these meanings:

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Ce facteur interposé a été le fait de quelques clients du restaurant qui sont devenus hystériques. Celui qui a lancé ce cri pourrait, à mon avis, être considéré comme un esprit idiot de ce genre. Mais cette situation est prévisible, la nature humaine étant plutôt instable dans les états d’urgence et devant être reconnue telle.

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Now it is said to me that even if this is negligence there is an intervening factor involved here that is not within the control of the restaurant owners. That intervening factor is applied by some customers of the restaurant who acted hysterically. Whoever yelled that out almost qualifies in my opinion for that type idiotic person. But this is a foreseeable, human nature is rather unstable in emergencies and must be recognized as being unstable in emergencies. The proprietors themselves were running around the restaurant rather excitedly. The only person that the evidence would indicate was not excited was Mrs. Emmons, and she shook after it was all over according to her story. The panic in the restaurant could have been foreseen.

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Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	[traduction] En ce qui concerne l'argument voulant que son exclamation «Pour l'amour du ciel, arrêtez!» ait pu valoir retrait du consentement, il ne fait aucun doute que le préjudice avait déjà été subi avant qu'elle ne pousse son cri.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine scc.lexum.org as primary domain	With respect to the suggestion that the consent might have been withdrawn by her exclamation, "For God's sake, stop," it is beyond dispute that the damage had already been done before her cry.  On the evidence, in any event, such a cry could well have been interpreted to mean, "My God, stop hurting me."

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En outre, il y a ici une tendance à préférer l’expression générale de l’administration de la jus­tice à l’expression particulière du droit criminel et de la procédure en matière criminelle, lorsque rien dans le texte de la première n’écarte la seconde ni même n’en fait mention.

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There is, in addition, an attempt here to prefer the general administration of justice over the spe­cial criminal law and procedure, when there is no language in the former to override or even suggest the latter. The respondents and the supporting interveners submit that because s. 92(14) includes the constitution of courts of "criminal jurisdic­tion", the word "criminal" must be imported into the opening words of the section, which must be construed as if they said "the Administration of Civil and Criminal Justice in the Province". However,

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Dans cette affaire, l’accusé, un Indien Cri, était un illettré (il n’avait que deux années de scolarité) et son avocat l’avait décrit comme un «primitif». Il avait été accusé de meurtre mais à l’ouverture du procès l’acte d’accusation fut modifié de façon à alléguer un «meurtre non qualifié», et de cela l’accusé s’est avoué coupable.

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That was a case where the accused, a Cree Indian, was illiterate (he had a grade 2 education) and was described by his counsel as a “primitive”. He had been charged with murder but at the opening of trial the indictment was amended to read “non-capital murder”, and to this the accused pleaded guilty. In his appeal to the provincial appellate Court he alleged that he was told by his lawyer that if he did not plead guilty to the charge he would be sentenced to hang, that he was scared and pleaded guilty although he was drunk at the time of the offence and drunk when he gave a statement to the police.

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Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	(f) privant une personne accusée d’un acte cri­minel du droit à la présomption d’innocence jusqu’à ce que la preuve de sa culpabilité ait été établie en conformité de la loi, après une audition impartiale et publique de sa cause par un tribunal indépendant et non préjugé, ou la privant sans juste cause du droit à un cautionnement raison­nable;
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine scc.lexum.org as primary domain	(f) deprive a person charged with a criminal offence of the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty according to law in a fair and pub­lic hearing by an independent and impartial tri­bunal, or of the right to reasonable bail without just cause;

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Le fait qu’elle ait stationné sa voiture complètement sur le côté gauche de la route s’explique par l’état de la route après la collision, et le geste qu’elle a posé en cherchant du secours comme elle l’a fait et en tentant d’arrêter les voitures qui s’en venaient était, selon moi, une réaction parfaitement normale suscitée par le cri de détresse de l’homme blessé et la situation que j’ai décrite.

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In my opinion there was nothing wanton in Mrs. Corothers’ behaviour in face of the peril to the Hammerschmids. The fact that she parked her car on the far left side of the highway is explained by the state of the highway at the scene after the collision and her action in going for help as she did and in attempting to flag down the approaching traffic, were, in my view, perfectly normal reactions to the cry of distress from the injured man and the situation which I have described.

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Comme le souligne le juge Addy, le privilège ne peut être invoqué que pour chaque document pris individuellement, et chacun doit répondre aux cri­tères du privilège: (i) une communication entre un avocat et son client;

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As Mr. Justice Addy notes, privilege can only be claimed document by document, with each docu­ment being required to meet the criteria for the privilege—(i) a communication between solicitor and client; (ii) which entails the seeking or giving of legal advice; and (iii) which is intended to be confidential by the parties. To make the decision as to whether the privilege attaches, the letters must be read by the judge, which requires, at a minimum, that the documents be under the jurisdiction of a court. Finally, the privilege is aimed at improper use or disclosure, and not at merely opening.

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Peu de temps après l’accident, un pompier et un policier ont relevé l’intimé et l’ont tenu dans la position où il semblait souffrir le moins, car à chaque mouvement il poussait un grand cri de douleur.

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It should be pointed out, however, that the Respondent’s face had blood upon it to the extent that any visible injury would not be seen, that the Respondent was unconscious behind the wheel with his head bent forward on to his chest and hanging either on or near the steering wheel. Shortly after the accident the Respondent was held up by a fireman and a policeman in a position where it appeared he was suffering the least pain because if there was any movement he would let out a very loud scream. There was no other evidence as to the nature and extent of the Respondent’s injuries.

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Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Lorsque la Cour d’appel a examiné les appels interjetés par les intimés contre la condamnation, elle a ordonné un nouveau procès. Deux des membres de la Cour ont souscrit à la prétention de l’avocat des accusés voulant que le par.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine scc.lexum.org as primary domain	The Court of Appeal, on considering the respondents’ appeals from conviction, directed a new trial. Two of the members of the Court agreed with the submission of counsel for the accused that s. 3(4) is applicable only where it is necessary to interpret the word “possession” in a provision of the Criminal Code and they held that there had been an erroneous

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Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	L’autre cri de ralliement à la réunion du dimanche était la fausse rumeur relative au renvoi imminent de 125 autres employés. Il n’y a eu aucune tentative, ni de la part de Bédard, ni de celle de Gagné de contrôler la véracité de cette rumeur auprès de la direction.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine scc.lexum.org as primary domain	The other rallying cry at the Sunday meeting was the false rumour relating to the imminent discharge of an additional 125 men. There was no effort on the part of Bédard or Gagné to verify this with management.

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Ce pouvoir général est exprimé dans la définition précitée de «poursuivant», à l’art. 2 du Code. De tous les pouvoirs du procureur général, le plus frappant est son pouvoir d’intervention dans des poursuites cri-

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The Attorney General may also exercise a broader interventionist power, namely, the takeover of the conduct of proceedings from a private prosecutor, whatever the desires of that private prosecutor: Re Bradley and The Queen[21]. This general power finds expression in the definition of “prosecutor”, quoted earlier, in s. 2 of the Code. Of all the powers of the Attorney General, the power of intervention in criminal proceedings—