dr – -Translation – Keybot Dictionary

  Program Erubrica 2012 |...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Dr. Jesus Valverde Berrocoso, University of Extremadura (España) Model for the assessment of competencies in initial training of education professionals
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Dr. Jesus Valverde Berrocoso, Università di Extremadura (Spagna) Modello per la valutazione delle competenze nella formazione iniziale dei professionisti dell'istruzione

  Program | Portal groups...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	– Dr. Juan Jesus Martin Jaime, University of Málaga (España). The videos as a resource for the evaluation of the learning of the discourse on environmental analysis.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	– Dr. Juan Jesus Martin Jaime, Università di Malaga (Spagna). I video come una risorsa per la valutazione dell'apprendimento del discorso sull'analisi ambientale.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	– Dr. Juan Jesus Martin Jaime, Universidade de Málaga (Espanha). Os vídeos como recurso para a avaliação da aprendizagem do discurso sobre análise ambiental.

  Program | Portal groups...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Experiences in the use of technologies for the assessment of learning outcomes. Chaired by Dr. Francisco Ruiz Rey, University of Málaga.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Esperienze nell'uso di tecnologie per la valutazione dei risultati dell'apprendimento. Presieduto dal Dr. Francisco Ruiz Rey, Università di Malaga.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Experiências no uso de tecnologias para a avaliação dos resultados da aprendizagem. Presidido pelo Dr. Francisco Ruiz Rey, Universidade de Málaga.

  Program | Portal groups...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	– Dr. Antonio Castro Higueras, Faculty of communication sciences. University of Málaga (España). Educational innovation and ICT in the communication sciences.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	– Dr. Antonio Castro Higueras, Facoltà di Scienze della comunicazione. Università di Malaga (Spagna). L'innovazione educativa e ICT nelle scienze della comunicazione.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	– Dr. Antonio Castro Higueras, Faculdade de Ciências da comunicação. Universidade de Málaga (Espanha). Inovação educacional e TIC nas ciências da comunicação.

  Speakers III Workshop 2...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Dr. Miguel Zapata Ros. Escuela Politécnica Superior. Universidad de Alcalá.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Dr. Miguel Zapata Ros. Ecole Polytechnique. Université d'Alcalá.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Dr. Miguel Zapata Ros. Polyteknisk skolen. Universitetet i Alcalá.

  Speakers III Workshop 2...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Dr. (D). Sixto Pablo Martín García, OpenMOOC project developer.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Dr. (D). Sixto Pablo Martín García, Développeur de projet OpenMOOC.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Dr. (D). Sixto Pablo Martín García, Sviluppatore del progetto OpenMOOC.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Dr. (D). Sixto Pablo Martín García, Desenvolvedor do projeto OpenMOOC.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Dr. (D). Sixto Pablo Martín García, OpenMOOC project-utvikler.

  Paquita: Of the campo S...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	This project is a work done by D. Under the coordination of Dr. Mauricio Pinón. Manuel Cebrián de la Serna
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Ce projet est un travail effectué par D. Sous la coordination du Dr Mauricio Pinón. Manuel Cebrián de la Serna
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Dieses Projekt ist eine Arbeit von D. Unter der Koordination von Dr. Mauricio Pinón. Manuel Cebrián De La Serna
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	El presente proyecto es un trabajo realizado por D. Mauricio Pinón bajo la coordinación del Dr. Manuel Cebrián de la Serna
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Questo progetto è un lavoro fatto da D. Sotto il coordinamento del Dr. Mauricio Pinón. Manuel Cebrián de la Serna

  Speakers III Workshop 2...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Dr. Carlos Castaño Garrido. Director of digital environments in the Virtual Campus of the University of the country Basque.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Dr. Carlos Castaño Garrido. Directeur des environnements numériques dans le Campus virtuel de l'Université du pays Basque.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Dr. Carlos Castaño Garrido. Direttore di ambienti digitali nel Campus virtuale dell'Università del paese basco.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Dr. Carlos Castaño Garrido. Diretor de ambientes digitais no Campus Virtual da Universidade do país basco.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Dr. Carlos Castaño Garrido. Direktør for digitale miljøer i virtuell Campus av University of landet baskisk.

  Speakers III Workshop 2...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Dr. Manuel Cebrián de la Serna. University of Málaga. (España).
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Dr. Manuel Cebrián de la Serna. Université de Málaga. (Espagne).
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Dr. Manuel Cebrián de la Serna. Università di Malaga. (Spagna).
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Dr. Manuel Cebrián de la Serna. Universidade de Málaga. (Espanha).
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Dr. Manuel Cebrián de la Serna. Universitetet Málaga. (Spania).

  Speakers III Workshop 2...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Dr. Karl Steffens, Cologne University, (Germany).
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Dr. Karl Steffens, Université de Cologne, (Allemagne).
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Dr. Karl Steffens, Università di Colonia, (Germania).
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Dr. Karl Steffens, Universidade de Colônia, (Alemanha).
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Dr. Karl Steffens, Köln University, (Tyskland).

  Route pedagogy teaching...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	6.- Indicators and benchmarks of quality of ICT applied to education. Professor: Dr. José Serrano Angulo
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	6.- Indikatoren und Benchmarks, die Qualität der IKT auf Bildung angewendet. Professor: Dr. José Serrano Angulo
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	6.- Δείκτες και κριτήρια αξιολόγησης της ποιότητας των ΤΠΕ που εφαρμόζεται στην εκπαίδευση. Καθηγητής: Dr. José Serrano Angulo
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	6.- Ukazatelů a kritérií kvality informačních a komunikačních technologií pro vzdělávání. Profesor: Dr. José Serrano Angulo

  Route pedagogy teaching...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	4.- Virtual teaching and learning environments. Teachers: Dr. Manuel Cebrián de la Serna and Dr. Juan José purse Moya
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	4.- Virtuelle Lehr- und Lernumgebungen. Lehrer: Dr. Manuel Cebrián De La Serna und Dr. Juan José Geldbeutel Moya
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	4.- Εικονικής διδασκαλίας και εκμάθησης. Καθηγητές: Dr. Manuel Cebrián de la Serna και Δρ. Juan José πορτοφόλι Moya
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	4.- Virtuální výukové a vzdělávací prostředí. Učitelé: Dr. Manuel Cebrián de la Serna a Dr. Juan José kabelka Moya

  Route pedagogy teaching...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	5.- ICTs as support for educational innovation. Teachers: Dr. Manuel Cebrián de la Serna and Dr. Juan José purse Moya
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	5.- IKT als Unterstützung für Innovationen im Bildungsbereich. Lehrer: Dr. Manuel Cebrián De La Serna und Dr. Juan José Geldbeutel Moya
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	5.- Οι ΤΠΕ ως υποστήριξη για εκπαιδευτική καινοτοµία. Καθηγητές: Dr. Manuel Cebrián de la Serna και Δρ. Juan José πορτοφόλι Moya
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	5.- Informační a komunikační technologie jako podpora vzdělávacích inovací. Učitelé: Dr. Manuel Cebrián de la Serna a Dr. Juan José kabelka Moya

  Speakers III Workshop 2...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Dr. Lenny Muellner, -The Center for Hellenic Studies- Harvard University. USA.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Dr. Lenny Muellner, -Le centre d'études helléniques- L'Université de Harvard. USA.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Dr. Lenny Muellner, -Il Center for Hellenic Studies- Università di Harvard. STATI UNITI D'AMERICA.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Dr. Lenny Muellner, -O centro de estudos Hellenic- Universidade de Harvard. ESTADOS UNIDOS DA AMÉRICA.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Dr. Lenny Muellner, -Senter for greske studier- Harvard University. USA.

  Route pedagogy teaching...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	1.- Design, development and evaluation of teaching materials for training Professor: Dr. Juan José purse Moya
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	1.- Gestaltung, Entwicklung und Evaluation von Lehrmitteln für Ausbildung Professor: Dr. Juan José Geldbeutel Moya
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	1.- Σχεδίαση, ανάπτυξη και αξιολόγηση διδακτικό υλικό για την εκπαίδευση Καθηγητής: Dr. Juan José πορτοφόλι Moya
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	1.- Návrh, vývoj a hodnocení výukové materiály pro vzdělávání Profesor: Dr. Juan José kabelka Moya

  Route pedagogy teaching...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	0.- Educational and technological resources in education. Teachers: Dr. Manuel Cebrián de la Serna and Dr. Juan José purse Moya
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	0.- Pädagogische und technologische Ressourcen im Bildungsbereich. Lehrer: Dr. Manuel Cebrián De La Serna und Dr. Juan José Geldbeutel Moya
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	0.- Εκπαιδευτικών και των τεχνολογικών πόρων στην εκπαίδευση. Καθηγητές: Dr. Manuel Cebrián de la Serna και Δρ. Juan José πορτοφόλι Moya
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	0.- Vzdělávací a technické prostředky ve výuce. Učitelé: Dr. Manuel Cebrián de la Serna a Dr. Juan José kabelka Moya

  Route pedagogy teaching...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	5.- ICTs as support for educational innovation. Teachers: Dr. Manuel Cebrián de la Serna and Dr. Juan José purse Moya
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	5.- IKT als Unterstützung für Innovationen im Bildungsbereich. Lehrer: Dr. Manuel Cebrián De La Serna und Dr. Juan José Geldbeutel Moya
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	5.- Οι ΤΠΕ ως υποστήριξη για εκπαιδευτική καινοτοµία. Καθηγητές: Dr. Manuel Cebrián de la Serna και Δρ. Juan José πορτοφόλι Moya
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	5.- Informační a komunikační technologie jako podpora vzdělávacích inovací. Učitelé: Dr. Manuel Cebrián de la Serna a Dr. Juan José kabelka Moya

  Route pedagogy teaching...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	0.- Educational and technological resources in education. Teachers: Dr. Manuel Cebrián de la Serna and Dr. Juan José purse Moya
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	0.- Pädagogische und technologische Ressourcen im Bildungsbereich. Lehrer: Dr. Manuel Cebrián De La Serna und Dr. Juan José Geldbeutel Moya
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	0.- Εκπαιδευτικών και των τεχνολογικών πόρων στην εκπαίδευση. Καθηγητές: Dr. Manuel Cebrián de la Serna και Δρ. Juan José πορτοφόλι Moya
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	0.- Vzdělávací a technické prostředky ve výuce. Učitelé: Dr. Manuel Cebrián de la Serna a Dr. Juan José kabelka Moya

  Program Erubrica 2012 |...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Dr. Julio Cabero Almenara, University of Seville (España) Erubrica in the design of personal learning materials for entornso (Dipro project 2.0)
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Dr. Julio Cabero Almenara, Università di Siviglia (Spagna) Erubrica nella progettazione dei materiali di apprendimento personali per entornso (Progetto DIPRO 2.0)

  Program | Portal groups...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Experiences in the use of technologies for the assessment of learning outcomes. Chaired by Dr. Jose Antonio Arjona Muñoz, University of Málaga (España).
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Esperienze nell'uso di tecnologie per la valutazione dei risultati dell'apprendimento. Presieduto dal Dr. Jose Antonio Arjona Muñoz, Università di Malaga (Spagna).
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Experiências no uso de tecnologias para a avaliação dos resultados da aprendizagem. Presidido pelo Dr. Jose Antonio Arjona Muñoz, Universidade de Málaga (Espanha).

  Program Erubrica 2012 |...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	– Dr. Julio Ruiz Palmero, University of Málaga (España). Experiences of the use of the erubricas in the PLEs.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	– Dr. Julio Ruiz Palmero, Università di Malaga (Spagna). Esperienze di utilizzo di erubricas nei PLE.

  Program Erubrica 2012 |...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	-Dr. Rafael Pérez Galán, Doña Ana Rueda Galiano and Daniel Cebrián Robles. University of Málaga (España). The exhibition of projects by the students erubrica.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	-Dr. Rafael Pérez Galán, Doña Ana Rueda Galiano e Daniel Cebrián Robles. Università di Malaga (Spagna). La Mostra dei progetti dei erubrica studenti.

  Program Erubrica 2012 |...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	-Dr. Santiago Tapia and Dr. Angel García, Polytechnic University of Madrid (España) Contrast between traditional assessment instruments and rubrics: vs exams. headings
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	-Dr. Dr e Santiago Tapia. Angel García, Università Politecnica di Madrid (Spagna) Il contrasto tra strumenti di valutazione tradizionale e rubriche: esami vs. rubriche

  Program Erubrica 2012 |...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	-Dr. Santiago Tapia and Dr. Angel García, Polytechnic University of Madrid (España) Contrast between traditional assessment instruments and rubrics: vs exams. headings
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	-Dr. Dr e Santiago Tapia. Angel García, Università Politecnica di Madrid (Spagna) Il contrasto tra strumenti di valutazione tradizionale e rubriche: esami vs. rubriche

  Program | Portal groups...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Dr. Daniel Cebrián Robles, University of Málaga (España). International project for the evaluation of the oral presentations of the works of students with Corubric.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Dr. Daniel Cebrián Robles, Università di Malaga (Spagna). Progetto internazionale per la valutazione delle presentazioni orali delle opere di studenti con Corubric.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Dr. Daniel Cebrián Robles, Universidade de Málaga (Espanha). Projeto internacional para a avaliação das apresentações orais dos trabalhos de alunos com Corubric.

  Speakers III Workshop 2...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Dr. Bartolomé Pina, Antonio. University of Barcelona. (España).
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Dr. Bartolomé Pina, Antonio. Université de Barcelone. (Espagne).
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Dr. Bartolomé Pina, Antonio. Università di Barcellona. (Spagna).
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Dr. Bartolomé Pina, Antonio. Universidade de Barcelona. (Espanha).
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Dr. Bartolomé Pina, Antonio. Universitetet i Barcelona. (Spania).

  Program | Portal groups...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	– Dr. Francisco Ruiz Rey, University of Málaga. Improving the quality of academic work by combining the use of the Moodle platform, Web tools 2.0 and Mobile Learning.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	– Dr. Francisco Ruiz Rey, Università di Malaga. Migliorare la qualità del lavoro accademico combinando l'utilizzo della piattaforma Moodle, Strumenti Web 2.0 e apprendimento Mobile.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	– Dr. Francisco Ruiz Rey, Universidade de Málaga. Melhoria da qualidade do trabalho acadêmico, combinando o uso da plataforma Moodle, Ferramentas da Web 2.0 e aprendizagem móvel.

  Program | Portal groups...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Dr. Antonio Bartolomé, University of Barcelona (España). Blockchain: a disruptive technology in teaching.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Dr. Antonio Bartolomé, Università di Barcellona (Spagna). Blockchain: una tecnologia dirompente nell'insegnamento.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	Dr. Antonio Bartolomé, Universidade de Barcelona (Espanha). Blockchain: uma tecnologia disruptiva no ensino.

  Program | Portal groups...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	-Dr. Daniel Martinez Romera, University of Málaga. Teacher training in social sciences and evaluation of content through multimedia annotations.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	-Dr. Daniel Martinez Romera, Università di Malaga. Formazione degli insegnanti di scienze sociali e la valutazione del contenuto attraverso annotazioni multimediale.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	-Dr. Daniel Martinez Romera, Universidade de Málaga. Formação de formadores em ciências sociais e avaliação de conteúdo por meio de anotações multimédios.

  Program | Portal groups...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	– Dr. Rafael Pérez Galán, University of Málaga. Evaluation and self-evaluation of projects with erubrica in groups of primary education.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	– Dr. Rafael Pérez Galán, Università di Malaga. Valutazione e autovalutazione dei progetti con eRúbrica in gruppi di istruzione primaria.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine gtea.uma.es as primary domain	– Dr. Rafael Pérez Galán, Universidade de Málaga. Avaliação e auto-avaliação dos projectos com erubrica em grupos de educação primária.