zones urbanisées – English Translation – Keybot Dictionary

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Les grandes avalanches occasionnant des dommages dans les zones urbanisées ou aux infrastructures sont considérées comme étant des avalanches catastrophiques ou destructrices. L'avalanche catastrophique est, dans la plupart des cas, une combinaison d'avalanche coulante et poudreuse.
Large-scale avalanches that cause damage in inhabited areas or to infrastructure are called «catastrophic avalanche» or «damaging avalanche». The «catastrophic avalanche» is in most cases a combined wet- and powder avalanche. The formation of a powder avalanche is favoured by a sudden increase of slope angle of the avalanche track or when the avalanche jumps over a precipice. The avalanche gets airborne and reaches velocities of 300 km/h as snow-air mixture due to reduced friction. The destructive force of avalanches is huge. The flowing avalanche carries trees and rocks away and erodes the snow cover down to the soil. Increased friction causes the avalanche to slow down. It stops in the accumulation area.
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Les mesures technologiques protègent les zones urbanisées et les voies de communications des répercussions engendrées par les avalanches. Des amménagements techniques sont réalisés dans les zones de rupture afin d'empêcher les chutes d'avalanches.
Technical measures are taken to protect inhabited areas and transport routes from avalanches. Avalanche starting zones are protected by supporting structures that prevent triggering of avalanches. Further, diversion or retention dams are built to reduce the endangered area within the avalanche track. Affected objects may also be protected by avalanche shelters and the reinforcement of house walls at the avalanche side.