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The higher classification of the superfamily Noctuoidea is presently under study and recent North American check lists do not reflect current thinking. We loosely follow Kitching and Rawlins, 1999 (The Noctuoidea, pp. 355-401 in Kristensen N.P. (editor). Lepidoptera: Moths and butterflies. Volume 1: Evolution, systematics and biogeography. Handbook of Zoology/Handbuch der Zoologie. Walter de Gruyter. Berlin/New York). Species are listed in alphabetical order by family, subfamily, tribe, genus, and species. The single exception to this sequence is found in the Noctuidae, which is divided into three natural groupings. Group two we call "noctuids with hairy larvae" for lack of a better term. This group comprises the subfamilies Acronictinae, Bryophylinae, Pantheinae, and Raphiinae. Groups one and three are made up of the quadrifid and trifid noctuids, respectively.
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