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Keybot 17 Résultats  www.brazza.culture.fr
  Pierre Savorgnan de Bra...  
Lo sfruttamento del Congo fu il peggior crimine contro l'umanità mai commesso dall'alba della civiltà
"The exploitation of the Congo was the greatest crime against humanity ever committed in mankind history"
« L'exploitation du Congo fut le plus grand crime contre l'humanité jamais commis dans l'histoire de l'humanité ».
  Pierre Savorgnan de Bra...  
Esploratore tedesco. Fu il primo europeo a visitare il Tibesti, il Borkou e il Ouaddaï. La Società di geografia di Parigi gli conferirà la sua grande medaglia d'oro.
German explorer. He was the first European to visit Tibesti, Borkou and Ouaddaï. The geographical Society of Paris awarded him a great golden medal.
Explorateur allemand. Il fut le premier européen à visiter le Tibesti, le Borkou et le Ouaddaï. La Société de géographie de Paris lui décerna sa grande médaille d'or.
  Pierre Savorgnan de Bra...  
Fu tra i maggiori esploratori del XIX secolo.
He was one of the greatest explorers of the XXth century.
C'est l'un des plus grands explorateurs du XIXe siècle.
  Pierre Savorgnan de Bra...  
". È certo che la sua speranza fu esaudita.
". There is no doubt that his plea was to be granted.
  Pierre Savorgnan de Bra...  
Stanley apportò la prova evidente di come i grandi corsi d'acqua dell'Africa centrale e relativi affluenti appartenessero al bacino del Congo. Fu tra i maggiori esploratori del XIX secolo.
Stanley apporta la preuve que les grands cours d'eau de l'Afrique centrale et leurs affluents appartiennent au bassin du Congo. C'est l'un des plus grands explorateurs du XIXe siècle.
  Pierre Savorgnan de Bra...  
Ascanio di Brazzà non ostacolerà mai la vocazione dei suoi figli : Giuseppe fu ingegnere agronomo, Giovanni critico d'arte, Ludovico viaggiatore e pittore, Antonio Gran Maestro dell'ordine di Malta, Pio medico, Giacomo esploratore come suo fratello Pietro.
Ascanio di Brazza never opposed his children's vocation : Giuseppe graduated as an agricultural engineer, Giovanni an art critic, Ludovico a traveller and painter, Antonio grand Master of the Malta Order, Pio a physician, Giacomo explorer like his brother Pierre.
Ascanio de Brazza ne contredira jamais la vocation de ses enfants : Giuseppe fut ingénieur agronome, Giovanni critique d'art, Ludovico voyageur et peintre, Antonio grand Maître de l'ordre de Malte, Pio médecin, Giacomo explorateur comme son frère Pierre.
  Pierre Savorgnan de Bra...  
La sua frase " Dr Livingstone I presume ?" e il suo soprannome " Boulou Matari" (spaccatore di rocce) lo seguiranno per l'intera sua vita. Non riscosse mai, diversamente da Brazzà, la simpatia del pubblico, fu accettato a fior di labbra dal suo stesso paese, l'Inghilterra.
Stanley meurt en 1904. Sa phrase « Dr Livingstone I presume ?» et son surnom de « Boulou Matari » (le briseur de roches) le poursuivirent toute sa vie. Il n'obtint jamais la sympathie du public comme Brazza, et fut accepté du bout des lèvres par son propre pays, l'Angleterre. C'était un meneur d'hommes et un organisateur desservi par un tempérament colérique et impulsif. Lui-même écrit sur son rejet :
  Pierre Savorgnan de Bra...  
Uscito da Saint-Cyr nel 1874, Alfred le Châtelier prende parte a diverse missioni in Africa, la prima delle quali è la nota spedizione Flatters; egli dirige gli uffici arabi a Ouargla e insegna sociologia musulmana presso il Collège de France. Fu lui ad accusare Harry Alis di essere al soldo di Leopoldo II, uccidendolo in duello.
Le Chatelier graduated in 1874 from Saint-Cyr. He participated in several missions in Africa, the first one being Flatters' ; he was in charge of Arab departments in Ouargla and was professor of Moslem sociology at the Collège de France. He accused Harry Alis of being Léopold II's proxy and killed him in duel.
Sorti de Saint-Cyr en 1874, Alfred le Châtelier fit partie de plusieurs missions en Afrique, dont la première mission Flatters ; il dirigea les bureaux arabes à Ouargla et fut professeur de sociologie musulmane au Collège de France. Il accusa Harry Alis d'être à la solde de Léopold II et le tua en duel.
  Pierre Savorgnan de Bra...  
"La grande e nobile figura di Brazzà appartiene alla storia recente e pur tuttavia essa già assume le connotazioni pressoché leggendarie che lo vogliono Bayard o prode cavaliere del tempo che fu. Malgrado fosse uomo della nostra generazione, la sua opera presenta i tratti di un'epopea lontana nel tempo in ragione forse di quel suo alone meraviglioso e di lontananza nello spazio ".
"The great and noble figure of Brazza belongs to the past, yet it almost represents the legendary figure of someone such as Bayard or of some courageous knights from a remote past. If the man was from our generation, his work certainly was similar to a wonderful epic of the past ".
"La grande et noble figure de Brazza appartient à l'histoire d'hier, et pourtant elle revêt déjà l'aspect presque légendaire de la figure d'un Bayard ou de quelque preux chevalier du temps jadis. C'est que, si l'homme était de notre génération, son ouvre présente le caractère d'une épopée qui nous paraît reculée dans le temps par son allure merveilleuse qu'elle fut lointaine dans l'espace".
  Pierre Savorgnan de Bra...  
"Certo Brazza incarnava un ideale che traeva la sua linfa vitale della grandi aspirazioni dell'umanismo latino, certo questi avevi scorto nel tesoro delle tradizioni di quella Francia, che aveva scelto quale Patria, quanto avrebbe potuto alimentare le speranze di quella sua anima tanto esigente, ma tutto questo era parte del suo essere e mai opera umana fu tanto individualizzata. Un'opera che non deve pressoché nulla al concorso e all'apporto esterno e la cui portata non può essere degnamente compresa se non attraverso una conoscenza puntuale dell'uomo".
"Indeed Brazza had inside an ideal directly inspired by the great desires of Latin humanism he had indeed found in the treasure trove of traditions this France he had chosen for a motherland, everything that could fuel the needs of his demanding soul, but all this was only part of himself and very seldom was any human work so strongly personalized. It owed just about nothing to outside contributions or inputs and, therefore one can only understand its real scope through an indepth knowledge of the man".
  Pierre Savorgnan de Bra...  
"Fu un'autentica sorpresa trovarmi innanzi a un uomo poco più alto di me, vestito di un abito di traliccio, un tempo grigio e divenuto di un colore indefinibile, le cui molle pieghe denunciavano un lungo utilizzo e con ai piedi un paio di scarpe di tela con suola di corda, sul capo un berretto il cui biancore di un tempo era scomparso, ma al di sotto del quale, immerso in una florida barba, si apriva tra labbra rosa il più affabile dei sorrisi. Il colorito era fresco e gli occhi blu spiccavano su un naso medio, leggermente arrotondato, a completare un lieto insieme che testimoniava intelligenza mista a dolcezza".
" It was a real surprise to find myself in front of a man of above average size, dressed in a drill suit that used to be grey but had turned colourless, with flaccid creases that revealed a long use, wearing espadrilles, with a helmet whose whiteness had disappeared but under which in a blond beard in bloom, the most pleasant smile was appearing on his bright, pink lips. Looking well with very deep blue eyes above a short, slightly curved nose, to form a harmonious whole which showd both intelligence and kindness ".
  Pierre Savorgnan de Bra...  
Stanley rivela nel suo diario personale che l'alterco prodottosi presso lo Stanley Club fu il mero risultato di una messa in scena allestita dai due esploratori onde prendersi gioco di ammiratori e giornalisti.
Stanley revealed in his personal notebook that the altercation that happened in Stanley Club was the result of a performance prepared by the two explorers to have fun at the expense of their admirers and of the journalists. Letters and photographic portraits were exchanged by the two men until Stanley's death in 1904. And the members of their respective missions had plenty of occasions of engaging in gastronomic battles. Stanley recognised in Brazza his fulfilments but blamed his attitude of being overly obliging to his public. Admittedly political rivals, the two men seemed to have mutual respect and warm contacts, albeit few and far between.
Stanley révèle dans son journal personnel que l'altercation qui eut lieu au Stanley Club fut le résultat d'une mise en scène préparée par les deux explorateurs pour s'amuser aux dépens de leurs admirateurs et des journalistes. Des lettres et des portraits photographiques sont échangés par les deux hommes jusqu'à la mort de Stanley en 1904. Et les membres de leurs missions respectives eurent l'occasion de faire assaut de civilités gastronomiques sur le terrain. Stanley reconnaissait chez Brazza ses réalisations mais lui reprochait une trop grande complaisance envers son public. Certes rivaux politiques, les deux hommes semblent en réalité avoir entretenu des relations cordiales et de mutuelle estime, même si elles étaient épisodiques.
  Pierre Savorgnan de Bra...  
Crudelmente ferito si era buttato in acqua e ora, da tutte le parti, le piroghe si lanciavano al suo inseguimento. Con la proboscide in alto e al di fuori dell'acqua, nuotando con rapidità, assistito dalla corrente violenta, lo vidi avanzare, scendendo il corso del fiume.
I attended a moving hunt of one of these enormous pachyderms during these unexpected events. The natives had attacked it above the Pool. Sorely wounded it threw itself into water, and by now it was surrounded by the pirogues in its pursuit. The trunk high and out of water, swimming rapidly, helped by the violent current, I could see it moving forward, coming down the river. But the pirogues full of men caught it up soon. An assegai rain beat down on it. It was still swimming, but already its trunk fell down, and harpooned by the natives, it was forced to swim closer to the bank. Then due to the current it grounded near big rocks. It was soon shot. All the natives throwing into water dismembered it immediately each trying to get the bigger chunk of meat. The tusks went to the Batékés from M'Pila village, who were the first to attack it. Each tusk weighted 43 kg.
  Pierre Savorgnan de Bra...  
Crudelmente ferito si era buttato in acqua e ora, da tutte le parti, le piroghe si lanciavano al suo inseguimento. Con la proboscide in alto e al di fuori dell'acqua, nuotando con rapidità, assistito dalla corrente violenta, lo vidi avanzare, scendendo il corso del fiume.
I attended a moving hunt of one of these enormous pachyderms during these unexpected events. The natives had attacked it above the Pool. Sorely wounded it threw itself into water, and by now it was surrounded by the pirogues in its pursuit. The trunk high and out of water, swimming rapidly, helped by the violent current, I could see it moving forward, coming down the river. But the pirogues full of men caught it up soon. An assegai rain beat down on it. It was still swimming, but already its trunk fell down, and harpooned by the natives, it was forced to swim closer to the bank. Then due to the current it grounded near big rocks. It was soon shot. All the natives throwing into water dismembered it immediately each trying to get the bigger chunk of meat. The tusks went to the Batékés from M'Pila village, who were the first to attack it. Each tusk weighted 43 kg.
  Pierre Savorgnan de Bra...  
Sta scendendo lungo il fiume Léfini quando si imbatte in un emissario del re dei Batéké, il Makoko : "sappiamo che il fucile che imbraccia il grande capo bianco che viene dall'Ogooué non è mai stato usato per attaccare i popoli pacifici e che la pace e l'abbondanza lo accompagnano ovunque vada. A tal fine, ho avuto ordini dal re per scortare al suo palazzo i passi di colui che desidera accogliere come un carissimo amico".
He was going down the river when he came across a messenger sent by Makoko, the Batékés' king : "We know that the rifle of the great white chief who comes from the Ogooué region has never been used to assault peaceful people and that peace and abundance accompany him wherever he goes. That's why the king entrusted me with guiding to his palace the steps of whom he wants to welcome as a dear friend". But Brazza hesitated. He did not want to be diverted from his goal, which was Congo. "I did not want to have to blame myself for any rashless move and still not knowing to what extent I could trust Makoko's Batékés' frame of mind that showed me a disinterestedness and a friendship far too overdone to be sincere. I wanted to be free to do what pleased me and arrive in Congo unexpectedly in order not to fall into an ambush". He walked up the river. Then, he called on the Makoko in Mbé's village. "I learnt it was him that had had orders given to the chieftains so that all the facilities would be given to me during my journey".
Il est en train de descendre la rivière Léfini quand il rencontre un envoyé du roi des Batéké, le Makoko : "Nous savons que le fusil du grand chef blanc qui vient de l'Ogooué n'a jamais servi pour attaquer les gens tranquilles et que la paix et l'abondance l'accompagnent partout. C'est pour cela que le roi me charge de guider vers son palais les pas de celui qu'il désire accueillir comme un ami très cher". Brazza pourtant hésite. Il ne veut pas être détourné de son objectif qui est le Congo : "Je ne voulais pas avoir à me reprocher une imprudence et ne sachant pas encore à quel point je pouvais compter sur les dispositions des Batéké de Makoko qui me montraient un désintéressement et une amitié qui me semblaient trop poussés à l'extrême pour être sincères, je voulus être entièrement libre de mes mouvements et arriver à l'improviste sur le Congo de façon à ne pas risquer de tomber dans un guet-apens". Il marche jusqu'au fleuve. Il se rend ensuite chez le Makoko au village de M'Bé. "J'appris que c'était lui qui avait fait donner aux chefs des ordres afin que toutes les facilités me fussent données dans mon voyage".
  Pierre Savorgnan de Bra...  
"La posizione è stata mirabilmente scelta.. Da là si percepisce l'immensa distesa di Nkouma, e, ancora più importante sotto il caldo sole d'Africa, vi si respira una fresca brezza. Al centro si trova la casa che funge da alloggio per il personale europeo. Al piano terra, sono disponibili cinque stanze; alcune sono destinate al personale, altre alle merci, mentre la stanza centrale viene utilizzata quale sala da pranzo. L'intero primo piano è riservato al solo Stanley. Si tratta di un ampio locale illuminato da sei finestre. ho avuto modo di scorgervi un letto in ferro, due sedie, una poltrona, uno specchio e un tavolo; mappe geografiche pendono dalle pareti; tuttavia ciò che maggiormente mi colpì fu la sensibile quantità di merci di ogni sorta stipate sulle mensole (stoffe, perle, ninnoli di ogni tipo) che conferivano alla stanza l'aspetto di una boutique parigina. L'edificio centrale è circondato da un giardino coltivato ad orto. Da lì, si scende verso il fiume lungo un sentiero alle cui estremità sorgono le case dei Zanzibaristi, dei Kroumans e degli altri indigeni. . Nei dintorni di Léopoldville ho scorto un abbozzo di cultura. I terreni sono stati dissodati e piantagioni ben tenute si sono sostituite all'erba. Infine, in cima alla collina, è presente un gregge di montoni."
"The choice of the location was excellent. From there one could see the huge N'Kouma plain and, better still under the African sunlight, the air was cool. The European staff house was located in the centre. The ground floor included five rooms, some for housing the staff, others for storage, the central one was used as dining room. The first floor was totally reserved for Stanley. It was a large room with six windows. I saw a steel bed, two chairs, one armchair, a mirror and a table, charts posted on the walls ; but I was especially impressed by the considerable amount of all kinds of goods on shelves (textiles, pearls, knick-knacks) that made the place look like a French wares shop. This central building was surrounded by a kitchen garden. From there, one could walk down a lane to the river whose banks accommodated shanty houses owned by the Zanzibarites, Kroumans and other natives. . In the neighbourhood of Léopoldville I noticed incipient cultivation : the ground had been cleared and nice plantations had replaced the grass. Finally, sheep grazing grounds had been set atop the hill."
"L'emplacement a été admirablement choisi. On aperçoit de là l'immense étendue de Nkouma, et ce qui vaut mieux encore sous le soleil de l'Afrique on y respire un air frais. Au centre se trouve la maison qui sert de résidence au personnel européen. Au rez-de-chaussée il y a cinq pièces; les unes sont affectées au logement du personnel, les autres aux marchandises, la pièce centrale forme la salle à manger. Le premier étage tout entier est réservé à Stanley. C'est une vaste pièce éclairée par six fenêtres. j'y ai vu un lit en fer, deux chaises, un fauteuil, une glace et une table; des cartes géographiques sont pendues aux murs ; mais je fus surtout frappé par la quantité considérable de marchandises de toute nature rangées sur des étagères (étoffes, perles, objets de bimbeloterie) qui donnent à cette pièce l'aspect d'un magasin d'articles de Paris. Ce bâtiment central est entouré d'un jardin potager. De là on descend au fleuve par un chemin sur les bords duquel s'élèvent les maisons des Zanzibarites, des Kroumans et des autres indigènes. J'ai constaté aux environs de Léopoldville un commencement de culture. On a défriché et des plantations en bon état remplacent l'herbe. Enfin au sommet de la colline est établi un parc à moutons."
  Pierre Savorgnan de Bra...  
"Quella scoperta fu oltremodo impressionante. La mia anima esausta, eccitata dalla febbre, abbracciò in un solo istante passato, presente e futuro di quell'opera alla quale avevo sacrificato fortuna, giovinezza e salute".
Brazza left Makoko on the 18th October 1880, sailed up the Congo to Vivi where he met Stanley who put him up for two days. Afterwards he went on to the coast. Mizon and Ballay were not arrived yet, so he went back to the Ogooué and along the way he discovered the river spring. " was strongly impressed by this discovery. In no time, my tired, feverish mind looked back to the past, present and future of the venture to which I gave my wealth, youth, and my health". He finally got some news not earlier than April 8th 1888 when he arrived in Franceville. Then Brazza prepared a long account in which he summarised all his action. Pending Mizon's arrival, he set to build a road toward the Alima : "escorted by 500 yelling, shouting and laughing men ahead, sideways and behind, hammocked at full speed by the strongest workers struggling for the job, I zoomed along the freshly opened causeway". At last, Mizon turned up and received responsibility for Franceville from Brazza who felt bitter thinking he was pushed aside and replaced by Mizon, himself equally disappointed : Franceville was just a station, Brazza's road just a track.
Brazza quitte le Makoko le 18 octobre 1880, suit le Congo jusqu'à Vivi où il rencontre Stanley dont il est l'hôte pendant deux jours. Il rejoint ensuite la côte. Mizon et Ballay ne sont pas encore arrivés. Il repart sur l'Ogooué et découvre en chemin les sources du fleuve. "Cette découverte me fit une vive impression. Mon esprit fatigué, surexcité par la fièvre embrassa en quelques instants le passé, le présent et l'avenir de l'ouvre à laquelle j'avais donné fortune, jeunesse et santé". Ce n'est que lorsqu'il arrive à Franceville le 8 avril 1881 qu'il a enfin des nouvelles de France. Brazza écrit alors un long rapport dans lequel il résume toute son action. En attendant Mizon il entreprend la construction d'une route vers l'Alima : "Escorté par 500 hommes qui hurlaient, riaient, criaient devant, par côté et derrière, transporté au pas de course dans le hamac par les travailleurs les plus solides qui se disputaient la place, je parcourais comme une flèche la route nouvellement ouverte." Mizon enfin arrive. Brazza lui remet Franceville. Il est amer car il croit être évincé et remplacé par Mizon.