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Keybot 125 Results  www.uantwerpen.be  Page 6
  Onderzoek - Universitei...  
Chronische ontsteking, gemedieerd door dendritische cellen (DC), is een belangrijke drijfveer in het ontstaan en verder ontwikkelen van atherosclerotische plaques. DC komen reeds voor in gezonde bloedvaten op plaatsen die gevoelig zijn voor plaque vorming, en accumuleren vervolgens in plaques waar ze steeds te vinden zijn in nabijheid van T lymfocyten.
Acute cardiovascular syndromes (e.g. myocardial infarction and stroke) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in industrialized countries. They result from rupture and subsequent thrombosis of an atherosclerotic plaque that has built up in the wall of large and middle-sized arteries. Chronic inflammation, mediated by dendritic cells (DCs) drives the development of atherosclerosis. DCs are present in healthy arteries in areas predisposed to atherosclerotic plaque formation, and accumulate within plaques where they can be localized in close vicinity to T cells. Recent work has revealed important functions of DCs in regulating inflammatory and immune mechanisms in atherogenesis. In addition to antigen presentation to T-cells with subsequent activation, DCs themselves will secrete inflammatory cytokines (e.g. IL-12), further exacerbating atherosclerosis. Because of their unique properties (capable of inducing either immune responses or immune tolerance), DCs can be harnessed to suppress unwanted responses, in the form of vaccines. Vaccination strategies using DCs are currently being explored in various diseases. In fact, the approval of Provenge® (the first "DC vaccine" for prostate cancer) by the FDA in 2010 has paved the way for further development of DC vaccines. Our central hypothesis is that a vaccine-based approach to manage atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is a potentially viable strategy. In fact, the first proof of concept that this approach could be very useful in combatting cardiovascular disease came very recently from the group of Goran Hansson. Treatment of mice with in vitro generated tolerogenic DCs attenuated atherosclerotic plaque development. However, these DCs have an unstable phenotype. Therefore, in this project we aim to (1) identify biomarkers for plaque DCs for targeted immunotherapy, (2) generate stable, tolerogenic DCs using RNA interference to suppress autologous T-cell activation and (3) study the effects of siRNA mediated DC targeted IL-12 silencing on atherosclerotic plaque progression and stability in mice. This research program is part of a global research effort to develop new therapeutic approaches for atherosclerotic plaque stabilization. Specifically, the current program aims to elucidate whether or not modulation of immune responses can stabilize atherosclerotic plaques.
  Onderzoek - Universitei...  
Gesteriliseerde bio-erodeerbare minitabletten (6 mg and diameter 2 mm), gebruikt als oculaire toedieningsvorm zullen in vivo bij mensen geevalueerd worden. Eerst zal er een klinische studie met gezonde vrijwilligers uitgevoerd worden om conventionele oogdruppels met geoptimaliseerde ciprofloxacine minitabletten (3%, w/w) te vergelijken.
Bioerodible sterilised minitablets (6 mg and diameter 2 mm) used as ocular drug delivery system, will be evaluated in humans. First of all, a clinical study comparing conventional eye drops and optimised minitablets containing ciprofloxacin (3%, w/w) will be performed in healthy volunteers to prove the effectiveness of the minitablet for sustained ocular delivery of ciprofloxacin. Secondly, after in vitro screening of new formulations for sustained release over a longer period of time, an in vivo evaluation of minitablets composed of the formulation with the required sustained release properties and containing fluorescein will be performed in healthy volunteers. A fluorophotometer will be used to measure the tearfilm-cornea concentrations of fluorescein at regular time intervals in a non-invasive way. Finally, if the in vivo study with fluorescein indicates the suitability of the minitablets for obtaining sustained release for a longer period of time, this formulation will be selected to prepare minitablets containing vancomycin and gentamicin and its physicochemical and technological properties will be evaluated in vitro. Consequently these minitablets will be evaluated in the healthy eye of hospitalised patients treated with fortified eye drops for bacterial keratitis. The tear concentrations of the drugs in both eyes will be determined by a validated HPLC method.
  Onderzoek - Universitei...  
Gesteriliseerde bio-erodeerbare minitabletten (6 mg and diameter 2 mm), gebruikt als oculaire toedieningsvorm zullen in vivo bij mensen geevalueerd worden. Eerst zal er een klinische studie met gezonde vrijwilligers uitgevoerd worden om conventionele oogdruppels met geoptimaliseerde ciprofloxacine minitabletten (3%, w/w) te vergelijken.
Bioerodible sterilised minitablets (6 mg and diameter 2 mm) used as ocular drug delivery system, will be evaluated in humans. First of all, a clinical study comparing conventional eye drops and optimised minitablets containing ciprofloxacin (3%, w/w) will be performed in healthy volunteers to prove the effectiveness of the minitablet for sustained ocular delivery of ciprofloxacin. Secondly, after in vitro screening of new formulations for sustained release over a longer period of time, an in vivo evaluation of minitablets composed of the formulation with the required sustained release properties and containing fluorescein will be performed in healthy volunteers. A fluorophotometer will be used to measure the tearfilm-cornea concentrations of fluorescein at regular time intervals in a non-invasive way. Finally, if the in vivo study with fluorescein indicates the suitability of the minitablets for obtaining sustained release for a longer period of time, this formulation will be selected to prepare minitablets containing vancomycin and gentamicin and its physicochemical and technological properties will be evaluated in vitro. Consequently these minitablets will be evaluated in the healthy eye of hospitalised patients treated with fortified eye drops for bacterial keratitis. The tear concentrations of the drugs in both eyes will be determined by a validated HPLC method.
  Onderzoek - Universitei...  
In het totaal krijgen 150 gezonde volwassen vrijwilligers ieder volgens een 0-1-6 maanden vaccinatieschema 3 dosissen hepatitis B vaccin. Elke groep (50 per groep) krijgt een hepatitis B vaccin telkens afkomstig van één van de opeenvolgende productieloten waarbij thiomersal volledig uit het productieproces is verwijderd.
A total of 150 healthy adult volunteers will receive 3 doses of hepatitis B vaccine according to a 0-1-6 months vaccination schedule. Each group (50 subjects per group) receives hepatitis B vaccines from a consecutive production lot without any use of thiomersal during the production process (thiomersal free). The immunogenicity will be assessed by means of regular blood samplings. Anamnestic data and diary cards will be used to register adverse reactions and to assess the reactogenicity and safety.
  Onderzoek - Universitei...  
Zij gaan ervan uit, tot bewijs van het tegendeel, dat de vaccins levenslange bescherming bieden, op voorwaarde dat een adequaat immuunantwoord na volledige vaccinatie werd aangetoond bij een gezonde persoon.
Hepatitis B is an infectious disease, which has a global occurrence and which causes substantial morbidity and mortality. Recent estimates show that 1/3 of the world's population has ever been exposed to the hepatitis B virus (HBV), that 367 million people are HBV carriers, and that hepatitis B causes 600,000 deaths each year. Yet hepatitis B is prevenatble by vaccination. Therefore, the World Health Organization (WHO) has incited to incorporate hepatitis B vaccination into the existing vaccination programmes, sinds 1997. In the year 2000, after having reviewed the data on the persistence of vaccine-induced antibodies and on the cellular-mediated immunity after vaccination against hepatitis B, and in view of the absence of reports of clinical cases of hepatitis B in vaccinated persons, an expert group reached a consensus that there is no need for hepatitis B booster vaccination. Vaccine-induced protection is assumed to last life-long, conditional on an adequate immune response after a complete series of hepatitis B vaccines in a healthy person. Nevertheless, the exact duration of protection after vaccination remains unknown, despite the availability of hepatitis B vaccines for over 20 years. Since universal hepatitis B vaccination has been implemented 168 countries (mostly in newborns and infants), knowledge on the duration of protection is currently needed. This research project aims to augment this knowledge, by measuring the anti-HBs antibody levels in a time series (up to 15 years) of annual blood samples of adults who have been fully vaccinated against hepatitis B and who have received their last dose at least 5 years ago. In addition, the hepatitis B-specific immune memory will be determined - both anti-HBs producing B-lymphocytes and hepatitis B-specific T-helper type 1 and type 2 memory T-lymphocytes - and the seroconversion for anti-HBc antibodies and HBsAg antigen during the follow-up period will be assessed. These data will also be used to study which variables influence the presence and/or the magnitude of HBsAg-specific cellular-mediated immunity, and to study the correlation between humoral and cellular immunity.
  Onderzoek - Universitei...  
Prospectieve, gerandomiseerde, dubbelblinde, placebo-gecontroleerde fase II studie bepaling veiligheid en tolerantie v/e influenzavirus vaccin, typen A en B levend koud geadapteerd vloeibare samenstelling (CAIV-T), bij gezonde kinderen en adoles.
A phase II, prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo, controlled trial to assess the safety and tolerability of influenza virus vaccine, trivalent, types A and B live cold-adapted liquid formulation (CAIV-T) in healthy children and adolescents.
  Onderzoek - Universitei...  
Het doel van deze studie is het onderzoeken van de methylatiepercentages van het NR3C1-1F exon en het effect hiervan op het feedbacksysteem van de HPA-as in tinnituspatiënten, vergeleken met gezonde controles.
Tinnitus is a prevalent and potentially disabling disorder characterised by the perception of sound in the absence of an external sound source. Like other chronic health problems, tinnitus can be regarded as a chronic stressor, leading to a dysregulation of the hypothalamo-hypopituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. More specifically, a hypersuppression of cortisol is seen in tinnitus patients after administration of a low dose of dexamethasone, suggesting an enhanced HPA axis feedback sensitivity. The mechanism responsible for this enhanced negative feedback remains unclear, but epigenetic phenomena such as hypomethylation of the 1F exon of the glucocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C1), an important component of the HPA axis feedback system, might be involved. The current study aims to investigate the methylation percentage of the NR3C1-1F exon, as well as its effect on glucocorticoid feedback in tinnitus patients as compared to healthy controls. In tinnitus patients, lower methylation percentages of the NR3C1-1F exon and an associated hypersuppression of cortisol secretion in response to a 0.5mg dexamethasone challenge are expected. Given the frequent co-morbidity of and the clinical overlap between tinnitus and panic disorder, characterised by recurrent and unexpected panic attacks, the effect of panic attacks on NR3C1-1F methylation and its impact on negative HPA axis feedback in tinnitus patients will also be investigated. NR3C1-1F methylation percentages are expected to be higher in the group with panic attacks, and associated with a higher cortisol secretion following the dexamethasone suppression test, due to the normal to low cortisol suppression rates reported in PD. 60 patients with tinnitus for which insufficient medical cause was found, will be recruited at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of the Antwerp University Hospital, among them 30 patients with and 30 without panic attacks. Exclusion criteria are a current diagnosis of major depressive or post-traumatic stress disorder, active substance abuse or a past or current diagnosis of bipolar or psychotic disorder, pregnancy or lactation, treatment with corticosteroids or hormonal replacement therapy (with the exception of contraception). 30 healthy controls will be matched for age and gender. DNA will be isolated from peripheral blood and analyzed through quantitative pyrosequencing to determine methylation percentages of the NR3C1-1F exon. mRNA will be isolated from whole blood and expression levels w
  Onderzoek - Universitei...  
Restenose blijft een belangrijke limiterende factor bij de behandeling van coronaire atheromathose met ballonangioplastie. Deze laatste wordt in dierexperimentele studies gewoonlijk uitgevoerd op gezonde bloedvaten.
Restenosis is an important limiting factor in the treatment of coronary atherosclerosis with balloon angioplasty. The latter is experimentally studied on normal blood vessels. This project investigates the effect of balloon angioplasty on blood vessels with a pre-existing lesion induced by positioning a silicone collar around the rabbit carotid artery or by feeding a cholesterol-rich diet.
  Dienst Preventie en Bes...  
Een gezonde geest in een gezond lichaam
A healthy mind in a healthy body
  Dienst Preventie en Bes...  
De medewerkers van de Universiteit Antwerpen zijn het menselijk kapitaal waaruit alle creativiteit, onderzoek en enthousiasme ontspruit. Garanderen dat die medewerkers kunnen werken in een veilige, gezonde en aangename werkomgeving is onze zorg.
The department known as Prevention and Protection at Work does so much more than prevent occupational accidents and illnesses. Our main objective is "well-being", in the broadest sense of the word.
  Onderzoek - Universitei...  
Door toepassing van moleculair biologische technieken op de orofaryngeale streptokokken flora in gezonde individuen als model, heeft ze aangetoond dat antibioticagebruik de belangrijkste aandrijver is van antibioticaresistentie in vivo, dat antibiotica die tot dezelfde klasse behoren sterk kunnen verschillen met betrekking tot de selectie van resistentiegenen, en dat het verschil in dominantie van bepaalde resistentiegenen in geografisch verscheiden gebieden mogelijk gekoppeld kan worden aan het preferentiële gebruik van specifieke antibiotica subklassen.
The research of Surbhi Malhotra has focused on the molecular epidemiology and genetics of resistance to antimicrobials in oral streptococci. Applying molecular biological techniques on oro-pharyngeal streptococcal flora in healthy individuals as a model, she demonstrated that antibiotic use is the single most important driver of antibiotic-resistance in vivo, that antibiotics belonging to the same class can differ widely in resistance gene selection, and that differences in predominance of certain resistance genes in geographically distinct areas might be linked to the preferential use of specific antibiotic subclasses. Her current research interests include studying the impact of antibiotic use on the naso-oro-pharyngeal and intestinal microflora, mechanisms of biofilm formation, bacterial pathogenetic mechanisms, and developing rapid diagnostic assays for pathogens causing community-acquired and nosocomial infections.
  Onderzoek - Universitei...  
2. Ten einde een efficiente medicatie te vinden tegen ruimteziekte en orthostatische intolerantie worden 5 medicaties uitgetest bij gezonde vrijwillegers in een placebo gecontroleerde cross over studie.
This project consists of 2 major parts. Part one (SPIN) serves as the control experiment for the 1998 Neurolab mission where astronauts were centriffiged in- flight and did not show signs of orthostatic intolerance nor impaired otolith-ocular function upon return to earth. In the current experiment astronauts will be evaluated pre and post space flight for their vestibular and cardiovascular deconditioning. This experiments will mainly be performed in Star City with the flight model of the VVIS (rotation chair). Otolith function and cardiovascular parameters will be monitored pre and post long duration flight. Part two of the proposal (D) is a clinical study where the effect of drugs is investigated on the vestibular and cardiovascular system in order to determine an appropriate countermeasure against spatial disorientation as well as orthostatic intolerance upon return into a gravitational environment. This study will take place mainly in the University of Antwerp. The final drug that shows the best characteristics will be administered to 3 astronauts prior to reentry from long duration spaceflight. These astronauts will be tested with the same protocol as those in part one (SPIN), i.e. prior and after spaceflight. Additionally, the 6 astronauts from SPIN will serve as controls for part two (D).
  Onderzoek - Universitei...  
Het haplotype HLA-DQ2 heeft een negatieve invloed op de immuunrespons opgewekt door hepatitis B-vaccinatie of non-responders. Deze studie heeft tot doel de prevalentie van HLA-DQ2 te bepalen in een populatie van gezonde vrijwilligers in West-Europa.
Genetic predisposition has been described as one of the factors contributing to non- responsiveness to the hepatitis B vaccine. The haplotype HLA-DQ2 is known to have a negative impact on the immune response to the hepatitis B vaccination. The purpose of this prevalence study is to get more accurate data on the prevalence of HLA-DQ2 in a healthy population in Western-Europe. One blood sample will be taken from 1000 healthy male and female subjects aged between 15 ' 50 years, to determine HLA-DQ2 and identify HBV markers.
  Onderzoek - Universitei...  
Men wenst dit schema te vereenvoudigen door een hoger-gedoseerd gecombineerd hepatitis A/hepatitis B vaccin (HAB 1440/40) te gebruiken. In totaal zullen 140 gezonde vrijwilligers (ouder dan 16 jaar) aan deze studie deelnemen.
An accelerated schedule with Twinrix' Adult administered in 3 doses (0, 7, 21 days) and followed by another dose after one year, has been developed for subjects who need rapid protection against hepatitis A and hepatitis B. This schedule could be simplified by using a high-dose combined hepatitis A/hepatitis B vaccine (HAB 1440/40). A total of 140 healthy volunteers older than 16 years will participate in this study. The high-dose combined hepatitis A/hepatitis B vaccine (HAB 1440/40) will be given to 70 participants following a 3 dose schedule (day 0, day 21 and month 12). The 70 other participants will receive Twinrix'Adult (720/20) following a 4 dose vaccination schedule (day 0, day 7, day 21 and month 12). To evaluate the immunogenicity, 5 blood samples will be taken: on day 0, day 28, day 56, month 12 and month 13.
  Onderzoek - Universitei...  
Deze studie heeft tot doel de immunogeniciteit en de reactogeniciteit te vergelijken van een hepatitis B kandidaatvaccin (met een dubbele dosis HBsAg en met MPL als adjuvans) met de immunogeniciteit en de reactogeniciteit van het gecommercialiseerde vaccin (Engerix-B). In totaal zullen 160 gezonde vrijwilligers tussen 50 en 70 jaar- volgens een 0-1-6 vaccinatieschema 3 dosissen van één van beide vaccins toegediend krijgen.
The aim of this study is to compare the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of a hepatitis B candidate vaccine (double close of HBsAg, containing MPL) to the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of Engerix-B in 160 healthy volunteers aged between 50 and 70 years. According to a 0-1-6 months vaccination schedule, 3 doses of the vaccine will be administered. Subjects will be randomised over 2 groups: one group receiving the candidate vaccine, the other group being vaccinated with Engerix-B. The goal of this programme is to develop a more immunogenic hepatitis B vaccine, that can be used in persons with a lowered immune response.
  Onderzoek - Universitei...  
Dit vaccin is al jaren op de markt. In totaal zullen 60 gezonde kinderen van 24-30 maanden deelnemen aan de studie, die in één centrum wordt uitgevoerd. De deelnemers aan dit onderzoek zullen willekeurig in één van de twee groepen worden ingedeeld.
The aim of this clinical study is to evaluate the safety and reactogenicity of a two-dose vaccination schedule with MenCY-PD in children 24-30 months of age prior to continuing clinical development in children below one year of age. Mencevax ACW135Y', which have been commercially available for years, is the control vaccine. A total of 60 healthy children aged 24-30 months will be enrolled in the study at a single centre. The children who take part in this study will be randomly placed in one of two groups. Each child in group A will receive 2 doses of the MenCY-PD vaccine with an interval of one month. Each child in group B will receive one dose of the Mencevax ACW135Y' vaccine.
  Onderzoek - Universitei...  
Het bestaand vaccin, dat 0,5 mg aluminium bevat, wordt hiertoe vergeleken met 2 kandidaatvaccins die respectievelijk 0,3mg en 0,133 mg aluminium bevatten. In totaal zullen 630 gezonde vrijwilligers van 10-18 jaar oud deelnemen aan de studie, waaraan 4 onderzoekscentra deelnemen.
The aim of this clinical trial is to evaluate the effect of lowering the aluminium content of a In Europe licensed dTpa vaccine, Boostrix®, on its safety and immunogenicity. For this purpose, two new formulations of this vaccine containing 0.3 mg and 0.133 mg aluminium respectively, will be compared with Boostrix®, containing 0.5 mg aluminium. A total of 630 healthy subjects, aged 11-18 years, will be enrolled in this multicentric study, in 4 different centra. They will be randomly enrolled in three parallel groups, in which each individual will receive a single dose of one of the three compared formulations of the dTpa vaccine.
  Onderzoek - Universitei...  
In het totaal krijgen 618 gezonde volwassen vrijwilligers ieder volgens een 0-1-6 maanden vaccinatieschema 3 dosissen hepatitis B vaccin. Een (controle)groep krijgt het gecommercialiseerde Engerix'-B vaccin, een andere groep krijgt hetzelfde vaccin, maar waaraan het bewaarmiddel thiomersal niet is toegevoegd (zogenaamde `preservative free') en een derde groep krijgt hetzelfde vaccin, waarbij thiomersal volledig uit het productieproces is verwijderd.
A total of 618 healthy adult volunteers will receive 3 doses of hepatitis B vaccine according to a 0-1-6 months vaccination schedule. A (control) group receives a commercially available vaccine (Engerix'-B); another group gets the same vaccine without thiomersal (preservative free) and a third group receives the same vaccine without any use of thiomersal during the production process (thiomersal free). The immunogenicity will be assessed by means of regular blood samplings. Anamnestic data and diary cards will be used to register adverse reactions and to assess the reactogenicity and safety.
  Onderzoek - Universitei...  
In deze multi-centrische studie zullen 240 gezonde vrijwilligers (waarvan 45 in ons centrum) een dosis krijgen van hetzij het kandidaat griepvaccin, hetzij placebo en dit onder de vorm van een nasale spray.
In this multicentric study 240 healthy subjects (45 in our center) will receive 1 dose of either the candidate flu-vaccine, either placebo, both conditioned as a nasal spray. The virus strains contained in the flu vaccine are those recommended by the WHO for the winter 2003-2004. Safety will be assessed during 7 consecutive days starting on the day of vaccination. A last phone call will be made 21 days after vaccination to report serious adverse events.
  Onderzoek - Universitei...  
Het haplotype HLA-DQ2 heeft een negatieve invloed op de immuunrespons opgewekt door hepatitis B-vaccinatie of non-responders. Deze studie heeft tot doel de prevalentie van HLA-DQ2 te bepalen in een populatie van gezonde vrijwilligers in West-Europa.
Genetic predisposition has been described as one of the factors contributing to non- responsiveness to the hepatitis B vaccine. The haplotype HLA-DQ2 is known to have a negative impact on the immune response to the hepatitis B vaccination. The purpose of this prevalence study is to get more accurate data on the prevalence of HLA-DQ2 in a healthy population in Western-Europe. One blood sample will be taken from 1000 healthy male and female subjects aged between 15 ' 50 years, to determine HLA-DQ2 and identify HBV markers.
  Onderzoek - Universitei...  
Deze studie heeft tot doel om de veiligheid van het HSV kandidaatvaccin te vergelijken met een placebo. Beide zullen worden toegediend aan volwassen, HSV seropositieve of seronegatieve, gezonde vrijwilligers volgens een 0-1-6 vaccinatieschema.
The aim of this study is to compare the safety of SmithKline Beecham BiologicalsÆ Herpes simplex vaccine with a placebo. Both will be administered to healthy, HSV seropositive or seronegative adults according to a 0-1-6 months vaccination schedule. In addition, the reactogenicity and immunogenicity of the vaccine , as well as the effect on biochemical and haematological parameters will be assessed. This study will be conducted in multiple centres world-wide, and will include 6500 subjects. Subjects will be divided into the groups at random; 2/3 of all vaccinees will receive the vaccine, 1/3 will receive the placebo. Our study centre will enrol 200 subjects.
  Onderzoek - Universitei...  
Deze kinderen zullen de eerste twee levensjaren gevolgd worden met specifieke aandacht voor het ontstaan van astma en eczeem. Uiteiendelijke bedoeling is om na te gaan of kinderen die astma of eczeem zullen vertonen een ander lymfocytair profiel hebben dan gezonde kinderen.
The aim of the project is to study cord blood lymphocytes of an unselected group of neonates; the children have to be born after an uncomplicated pregnancy and a normal birth. All children will be followed during the first two years of life with special attention to the development of asthma and atopic dermatitis. The purpose is to look if cord blood lymphocytes of subsequently atopic children have other features than cord blood lymphocytes of normal children.
  Onderzoek - Universitei...  
Door een vaccinproducent is gezocht naar een methode om de beschermende werking van bestaande griepvaccins te verbeteren, namelijk door middel van toevoeging van een immunostimulator/modulator. In dit onderzoek worden 300 gezonde 65-plussers in 2 groepen ingedeeld, en krijgen hetzij het klassieke vaccin, hetzij het vaccin onder studie toegediend.
Current available influenza vaccines only offer a 30 to 70% protection. Vaccine manufacturers try to improve the existing influenza vaccines by adding an immunestimulator/modulator. In this clinical trial 300 healthy elderly people (>65 years) will be divided into two groups, receiving the classical influenza vaccine or the trial vaccine. Immunogenicity and reactogenicity will recorded during 3 months.
  Onderzoek - Universitei...  
Deze studie heeft als doel de immunogeniciteit van het HBV-SBAS4 kandidaatvaccin te vergelijken met deze van Engerix'-B één maand na het toedienen van de laatste dosis bij 300 gezonde vrijwilligers (ouder dan 15 jaar) positief voor het HLA-DQ2 genotype.
The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the superiority of HBV-SBAS4 compared to Engerix'-B in terms of immunogenicity one month after the last vaccine dose, in 300 healthy volunteers older than 15 years and identified as HLA-DQ2 positive. The vaccines are administered according to a 0,6 and 0,1,6 month schedule, respectively. Furthermore, the safety and reactogenicity of the candidate vaccine will be evaluated and the immunogenicity at all time-points will be described.
  Onderzoek - Universitei...  
Met het oog op de ontwikkeling van een cellulair kankervaccin, zullen humane dendritische cellen (DCs) afkomstig van gezonde individuen, behandelde kankerpatiënten en HIV-seropositieve patiënten worden gekweekt vanuit perifere bloedmonocyten.
The project focuses on the use of antigen-modified human dendritic cells (DC) as a potential cancer vaccine. Human dendritic cells (DC) from healthy individuals, treated cancer patients and HIV positive individuals will be cultured starting from peripheral blood monocytes. The major aim is to transfer defined tumor and HIV antigens to DC by means of transfection of DC with mRNA encoding defined antigens. Antigen-loaded DC will be used for induction of antigen-specific autologous cytotoxic T cells capable of eradicating autologous tumor cells or HIV-infected cells. In a later phase, DC will be loaded with unfractionated tumor antigens (total tumor mRNA, apoptotic tumor cells). This approach will be tested using tumor material derived from cervix cancer and lymphoma patients.
  Onderzoek - Universitei...  
-Het meten van trends in intra- en intergenerationele verdeling van inkomen en rijkdom in Vlaanderen. -Het maken van een projectie van de gezonde levensverwachting. -Het meten van economische gevolgen van de vergrijzing in Vlaanderen.
The most important societal issues with which Flanders and Europe will be confronted in coming decades is the twofold ageing of the population. The three principal policy issues that arise in this context are: i) the manner in which the burden of population ageing should/can be distributed between and within generations; ii) the development of high-quality and affordable care support for all; iii) and the enhancement of participation by the elderly in economic, social, political and cultural life in order that the capital of experience, knowledge and skills that the elderly represent could be utilised maximally. As far as the Flemish policy level is concerned, all aspects of these problematic areas are relevant: policy on formal and informal care for the elderly, including the Flemish care insurance scheme, employment policy, tax policy, housing policy, sociocultural and educational policy and, as a context for all policy domains, the structure of income and expenditure distribution and particularly the position occupied by the weaker groups (who may be targets of specific provisions). Some important research has already been conducted into the socio-economic aspects of population ageing in Flanders, but often this research is insufficiently prospective and informative for policy purposes. Moreover, usually a European angle is lacking, even though Flemish policy can obviously draw lessons from developments in other European countries. We therefore propose to construct an interdisciplinary knowledge platform with a view to: -bringing together available expertise in Flanders in the field of policy-oriented research into the issue of population ageing; -collecting high-quality data for Flanders that allow comparison with other regions and countries in Europe; -developing research instruments and methods to analyse these data in dynamic perspective and to test policy alternatives for their economic and social efficiency.
  Onderzoek - Universitei...  
(i) de relatie bestuderen tussen de spectrale reflectantie op bladniveau en op kruinniveau; (ii) het spectrale onderscheid bestuderen tussen gezonde en ongezonde bomen, en (iii) het spectrale onderscheid bestuderen tussen bomen die groeien bij verschillende blootstellingsniveaus aan luchtverontreiniging.
Vegetation and in particular green and full grown trees are extremely important in urban environments, amongst others for their beneficial effects on the reduction of air pollution. CIties are however not ideal environments for these trees and their health condition should be monitored carefully. A large scale biomonitoring of urban vegetation cannot be done manually, and remote sensing, and hyperspectral imaging in particular, announces themselves as a perfect candidate for an automated procedure. The aim of this project is to develop a framework for biomonitoring of urban vegetation from canopy spectral reflectance as this is the information that can be obtained from hyperspectral remote sensing. A data-driven approach is developed by constructing a hyperspectral reflectance library of leaf and canopy reflectance spectra. From this library, we will (i) study the relation between leaf-level and canopy-level reflectance; (ii) study the spectral distinction between healthy and unhealthy trees, and (iii) study the spectral distinction between trees growing at sites with different loads of air pollution.
  Onderzoek - Universitei...  
We streven naar een gezonde BMI aan het begin van de zwangerschap door te interveniëren tijdens de pre-conceptie periode, en we streven naar een adequate gewichtstoename tijdens de zwangerschap door te interveniëren tijdens de zwangerschap bij deze vrouwen.
The aim is to decrease the prevalence of pregnancy and birth-related complications (pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), caesarean section (CS), and large-for-gestational-age babies (LGA)). These complications occur in 26% of pregnancies with normal start BMI and adequate weight gain, in 34% in normal start BMI but excessive gestational weight gain and in up to 66% in obese class III (BMI≥40kg/m²) combined with excessive gestational weight gain (table 1, B1). Moreover, as the prevalence of maternal obesity continues to rise, increasing numbers of children are exposed to an 'obesogenic intrauterine environment'. Obesity in pregnancy has therefore the potential to result in an 'intergenerational cycle' of obesity through in utero programming. We focus on women with excessive weight gain during their 1st pregnancy as currently, half of them do not return to their pre-pregnancy weight before the next pregnancy. This results in a complication rate as high as 42% (PIH, GDM, CS, LGA). We target a healthy BMI at start of pregnancy by intervening during the pre-conception period- and an adequate weight gain during pregnancy by intervening during pregnancy in these women. The intervention will be evaluated in a randomized controlled trial including 1,100 women. Our proposed intervention combines face-to-face coaching with the use of a mobile App connected to medical devices (scale and pedometer). The app monitors women's weight, eating behaviour, physical activity, mental wellbeing, and provides continuously coaching through positive behavioral change techniques. The 'inter-Act' App (during pre-conception, will be developed in the course of this project) covers breast-feeding support, while 'ZWApp' (during pregnancy, prototype available) includes the gestational weight gain guidelines of the Institute of Medicine (IOM). Drop out of less motivated women is avoided as the time points of the six pre-conception coaching sessions coincide with the existing postnatal follow-up visits for neonates (Governmental vaccination scheme through the organisation " Kind & Gezin"), and the three pregnancy coaching sessions coincide with the three routine ultrasound scans during normal pregnancy (KCE Guidelines). Each year, there are 8,900 singleton pregnancies in whom the mother had excessive gestational weight gain in the prior pregnancy. The current rate of at least one of the four major pregnancy and birth-related complications (PIH, GDM, CS
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Er is groeiend wetenschappelijk bewijs dat het aanwenden van antibiotica in dieren gebruikt voor de voedselproduktie leidt tot de ontwikkeling van resistente pathogene bacteriën die de mens kunnen bereiken via de voedselketen. Ongeveer 400 Campylobacter stammen geïsoleerd van gezonde braadkippen, soepkippen, kalkoenen en varkens zullen onderzocht worden.
CAMPYLOBACTER Campylobacters are the most frequently identified bacterial causes of diarrhea in the United States and Europe. Diarrhea caused by C. jejuni and C. coli is a self-limiting disease and does not require therapy except in severe cases with prolonged disease and serious symptoms. Erythromycin is an old and well-established antimicrobial agent which has been the drug of choice for Campylobacter enteritis. Fluoroquinolones have also proved effective in the treatment and prevention of Campylobacter diarrhea. Several recent reports, however, have described a substantial increase of fluoroquinolone resistance in Campylobacter species. Campylobacter infection is mainly a food-borne disease in which poultry play a particularly important role. There is growing scientific evidence that the use of antibiotics in food animals leads to the development of resistant pathogenic bacteria that can reach humans through the food chain. About 400 Campylobacter strains isolated from healthy broilers, layers, turkeys and pigs will be investigated. First, strains are identified by mutiplex PCR and/or SDS-PAGE of whole-cell proteins. Subsequently their activity to 6 antimicrobial drugs will be determined by the agar dilution method. The antibiotics tested are: erythromycin, ampicillin, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline and gentamicin. SALMONELLAE Human nontyphoidal Salmonella infections are the primary cause of foodborne disease in developed countries, resulting in considerable morbidity and occasionally death, especially in immunocompromised patients. Strains of Salmonella that are resistant to antimicrobial agents have become a worldwide health problem. Fluoroquinolones are the drugs of choice for treatment of human invasive salmonellosis. However, strains resistant to these antibiotics have been noted. Therefore, continued concern about the development of antimicrobial resistance in these organisms is warranted. The antimicrobial susceptibility to 11 antibiotics will be investigated for about 400 Salmonella strains isolated from healthy broilers, layers, turkeys and pigs. The antibiotics tested are: ampicillin, ceftriaxone, kanamycin, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, cotrimoxazole, tetracycline, nalidix acid, ciprofloxacin and chloramphenicol.
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Hiervoor zullen myeloïde DC (DC1) van zowel gezonde donoren als acute leukemie patiënten worden opgeladen met het Wilms' tumor genproduct WT1, dat tot overexpressie komt in vrijwel alle acute leukemieën, via transfectie met WT1-mRNA.
Rationale and objectives Human myeloid dendritic cells (DC) are a rare leukocyte population that plays a crucial role in the initiation of a primary cell-mediated immune response. DC form a specialized network of antigen-capturing and antigen-presenting cells throughout the human body and DC can specifically activate naïve or quiescent CD4+ helper T cells and CD8+ cytotoxic T cells (CTL). Manipulation of DC with tumor antigens for the induction of tumor immunity is currently a 'hot topic' in experimental immunotherapy, and its purpose is to activate specific CTL, potent immune effector cells capable of recognizing and eliminating tumor cells. For an optimal stimulation of CD8+ CTL, the antigen should be endogenously synthesized in order to access the MHC class I presentation pathway. Therefore, genetic loading of DC with defined tumor antigens might be a useful strategy for the development of a DC-based tumor vaccine for several types of cancer. The Wilms' tumor (WT1) gene product has recently been characterized as an overexpressed leukemia-associated transcription factor which might be used as a tumor antigen for immunotherapy of acute leukemia (AL). In the present project, we propose to load DC from normal donors and leukemia patients with WT1 using either cDNA or mRNA transfection techniques in order to activate autologous WT1-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) in vitro. Furthermore, we want to study the origin, developmental pathways and growth requirements of the recently identified DC of lymphoid/plasmacytoid origin (DC2), starting from CD34+ hematopoietic progenitors and their potential use for DC-based immunotherapy. Methods Immature monocyte-derived DC will be loaded with WT1 by gene transfection or using whole tumor cells (using electrofusion, leukemic DC or phagocytosis of apoptotic AL cells). Afterwards, mRNA-transfected DC will be matured with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-? and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). HLA-compatible WT1-specific CTL clones will be used to verify whether WT1-loaded DC present WT1-derived epitopes via MHC class I molecules. In a second phase, DC loaded with WT1 will be used in autologous settings in order to evaluate whether they can induce a primary antigen-specific CTL response in vitro. In order to determine this, autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) will be cocultured with autologous mature DC loaded with WT1 in the presence of IL-7. Restimulations with autologous, mature DC loaded with WT1 will be perf
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