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IITA. 1998. IITA Annual Report and Research Highlights 1987/88. International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria.
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IITA (International Institute of Tropical Agriculture). 1998. IITA (International Institute of Tropical Agriculture) Annual Report and Research Highlights for 1987–88. IITA, Ibadan, Nigeria.
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Institut International d'Agriculture Tropicale (IITA)
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International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA)
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Elle rend les données immédiatement accessibles par le biais d’une interface web et différents outils sont proposés afin d’explorer et de recueillir les données. Cassavabase est hébergée par l’IITA au Nigeria.
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Cassavabase is a database of phenotypic and genotypic data generated by cassava breeding programmes within the Next Generation Cassava Breeding (NEXTGEN Cassava) project. The database makes available breeding data immediately available. Data can be accessed through the web interface and various tools are available to explore and extract the datasets. Cassavabase will be hosted at IITA-Nigeria. As well as offering the latest data on cassava, the on-line database provides access to tools for genomic selection, a new technique that dramatically accelerates the breeding cycle, as well as social networking pathways for the cassava community.
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e CIRAD et l’IITA ont lancé un projet de lutte contre les mouches des fruits du manguier en Afrique de l’Ouest. C’est dans le cadre de ce projet que les chercheurs se sont intéressés aux fourmis tisserandes, un agent de contrôle biologique naturel et efficace contre les mouches des fruits.
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Mohammed Suleiman, at the Department of Biology, Umaru Musa Yar’adua University, Katsina, Nigeria, carried out a series of experiments to determine the efficacy of three edible spices – garlic (Allium sativum L.), chili pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.), and ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) against the weevil Sitophilus zeamais reared on sorghum grains. All the spices applied at varying amounts resulted in 100% adult mortality, showing similar effects to the conventional insecticide Permethrin. The strong aroma and contact toxicity of the spices give them the protectant properties looked for in natural pest management strategy. http://www.academicjournals.org/journal/AJAR/article-abstract/27D9A1244784 (African Journal of Agricultural Research, 02/2014)
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Face à la situation au Nigeria, l'Institut international d'agriculture tropicale (IITA), d’Ibadan, en collaboration avec l’Institut national de recherche sur les plantes-racines (NRCRI) d’Umudike, a mis au point 40 variétés améliorées de manioc à haut rendement et résistantes aux maladies.
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In response to the situation in Nigeria, the International Institute for Tropical Agriculture, (IITA), Ibadan, in collaboration with the National Root Crops Research Institute (NRCRI), Umudike, have developed 40 high-yielding, disease-resistant improved cassava varieties. These varieties have the potential to raise the low cassava productivity on farmers’ farms by up to 30-40 ton/ha (NRCRI, 2010). Thus the introduction of improved varieties and agronomic practices into cassava production system consequently can increase yields per unit area by 40% (Nweke et al. 2001). A survey conducted in Nigeria in 2003 indicated that a lack of clean planting material (clean stakes) was by far the most important problem in cassava production systems, followed by low yields of fresh roots (Dickson, 2003). Moreover, rates of adoption and diffusion of the new varieties are slow because one cassava plant can only generate about 10 stem cuttings (IITA, 1998). Also, accounting for low adoptability of the new varieties among farmers were the issues of a weak extension system, insufficient quantity of recommended planting materials and the lack of an efficient seed system.
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Les agriculteurs ont donc besoin d’un approvisionnement en segments de tiges sains pour la plantation (COSCA, 1996). La densité de plantation du manioc a un effet important sur le rendement en racines fraîches, et une densité de 10 000 pieds par hectare est souvent recommandée (IITA, 1990).
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Cassava is propagated by stem cuttings and the main sources of the planting materials are the farmers' fields, farmers’ neighbours and sometimes rural markets. High-quality cassava cuttings for planting are often in short supply, especially during dry seasons and or dry zones of producing environment. This implies that farmers require the supply of healthy stem cuttings as planting materials (COSCA, 1996). Cassava plant density has a large effect on fresh root yield, and thus a plant density of 10 000 stands per ha is often recommended (IITA, 1990). Its flexible planting schedule, wide interspacing and slow rate of growth make it suitable for intercropping. Cassava production is indeed all year round as it lasts an average of 12 months in the field. In most areas, only minimal efforts are made to preserve cassava stem cuttings after harvest of the roots (Eke-okoro et al., 2005). In Nigeria, cassava production has been characterized by dominant use of poor-quality planting materials of disease-prone local varieties with long maturation period and low yield potentials of 9-12 tons/ha (Fresco, 1986).
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Face à la situation au Nigeria, l'Institut international d'agriculture tropicale (IITA), d’Ibadan, en collaboration avec l’Institut national de recherche sur les plantes-racines (NRCRI) d’Umudike, a mis au point 40 variétés améliorées de manioc à haut rendement et résistantes aux maladies.
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In response to the situation in Nigeria, the International Institute for Tropical Agriculture, (IITA), Ibadan, in collaboration with the National Root Crops Research Institute (NRCRI), Umudike, have developed 40 high-yielding, disease-resistant improved cassava varieties. These varieties have the potential to raise the low cassava productivity on farmers’ farms by up to 30-40 ton/ha (NRCRI, 2010). Thus the introduction of improved varieties and agronomic practices into cassava production system consequently can increase yields per unit area by 40% (Nweke et al. 2001). A survey conducted in Nigeria in 2003 indicated that a lack of clean planting material (clean stakes) was by far the most important problem in cassava production systems, followed by low yields of fresh roots (Dickson, 2003). Moreover, rates of adoption and diffusion of the new varieties are slow because one cassava plant can only generate about 10 stem cuttings (IITA, 1998). Also, accounting for low adoptability of the new varieties among farmers were the issues of a weak extension system, insufficient quantity of recommended planting materials and the lack of an efficient seed system.
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Elle rend les données immédiatement accessibles par le biais d’une interface web et différents outils sont proposés afin d’explorer et de recueillir les données. Cassavabase est hébergée par l’IITA au Nigeria.
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Researcher Angelika Hilbeck at the Institute of Integrative Biology of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology looked into the agricultural seed catalogues available to farmers in countries with different degrees of GM crop adoption (Austria, Germany, Spain, and Switzerland). She and her colleagues estimated how much real-world choice in seeds maize farmers have in each of the countries. The results show that, between 1995 and 2011, in the countries that did not adopt GM crop (Austria, Germany and Switzerland), actual restrictions and regulations of GM crops have not decreased seed choices/cultivar availability for farmers. In contrast, they observed that in Spain, which has adopted GM maize, the seed market was more concentrated with fewer differentiated cultivars on offer: the overall number of maize cultivars declined. The research also plotted the yields over the time period only to note that there was no reduction in yields in non-adopting countries.(Environmental Sciences Europe 2013, 25:12 doi:10.1186/2190-4715-25-12)
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e CIRAD et l’IITA ont lancé un projet de lutte contre les mouches des fruits du manguier en Afrique de l’Ouest. C’est dans le cadre de ce projet que les chercheurs se sont intéressés aux fourmis tisserandes, un agent de contrôle biologique naturel et efficace contre les mouches des fruits.
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Research by CIRAD and IITA aimed to control fruit flies infestation in West Africa’s mango plantations found that weaver ants are a natural and effective biological control method against fruit flies. In-depth studies confirmed the ants’ impact on the structure and composition of plant-eating pests. These studies also showed that they prey mainly on larvae, as they leave infested fruits, and rarely on adults. However, this is not their only mode of action. The scientists discovered that they have a repellent effect on fruit flies: after ants have been on mangoes, fruit flies turn away from them and lay much fewer eggs. This phenomenon of repulsion, which was confirmed in the laboratory and in the field, is caused by physical (micro-spots) and chemical (pheromones) signals left by ants.
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Sur la base d’une étude d’impact de l’IITA, ce document démontre l’importance de l’établissement de liens plausibles entre les interventions de coopération au développement et les changements pertinents observés sur le terrain lors de l’évaluation de l’impact.
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On the basis of an IITA impact study, this paper demonstrates the importance of establishing plausible linkages between development cooperation interventions and the relevant changes observed on the ground when assessing impact. It also proposes standards for establishing plausibility in this context. Experience has shown that impact evaluators often try to prove or quantify impact on a highly-aggregated level. However, this paper contends that in most cases, attribution gaps caused by the existence of too many other significant factors make it impossible to isolate the effects of a single development intervention. The authors maintain that, for most development interventions, to require impact evaluators to establish more than plausible impact relationships would force them to gloss over much information and over-interpret the data.
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Les activités de l'IITA concernent la recherche, la conservation du matériel génétique, la formation et l'échange d'informations en partenariat avec les programmes régionaux et nationaux, notamment les universités, les ONG et le secteur privé.
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IITA activities include research, germplasm conservation, training and information exchange in partnership with regional and national programs, including universities, NGOs, and the private sector. The research addresses crop improvement, plant health, and resource and crop management within a food systems framework, focusing on traditional food crops such as cassava, cowpea, maize, plantain and banana, soybean and yam. IIATA's Policy on Intellectual Property .
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Selon l’IITA, les agriculteurs auraient pu doubler leurs revenus et contribué à éviter le déboisement et la dégradation de 2,1 millions d’hectares de forêts, permettant ainsi de générer plus de 1 600 millions de dollars face aux 1,3 milliards de tonnes de carbone dispersés dans l’atmosphère par la déforestation.
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According to IITA, by doing so farmers would have doubled their incomes and helped to avoid deforestation and degradation on 2.1 million hectares and in the process, this would have generated a value of over 1,600 million dollars on 1.3 billion tons of CO2 emissions that would not have come from deforestation. To the authors, funding support for reducing carbon emissions due to deforestation and degradation (REDD) to mitigate climate change offers the potential of significant new public resources for needed investments in agricultural research and extension and market infrastructure to support the transformation of traditional agriculture in West Africa.
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Les variétés testées ont été mises au point ces cinq dernières années à partir de croisements entre les meilleures lignées de niébé développées par l’Institut international d’agriculture tropicale (IITA) et la Texas A&M University.
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The new cowpea varieties combine extra-early maturity, high protein and high yield potential with resistance to major diseases and tolerance to heat and drought. Cowpea is a major food legume and a source of dietary protein for masses in Africa, Asia and South America. The dry grains from cowpeas are used as a pulse (edible seed) and its young leaves, pods and green seeds are also used as a vegetable. The varieties being tested were developed during the last five years from crosses involving the best cowpea lines from the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) and those from Texas A&M University.
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Les variétés testées ont été mises au point ces cinq dernières années à partir de croisements entre les meilleures lignées de niébé développées par l’Institut international d’agriculture tropicale (IITA) et la Texas A&M University.
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The West African regional workshop on biopesticides was held in Ghana, March 2012 to mark the first successful registration of commercial environmentally friendly biological pesticides in the country. The workshop marked the culmination of a long-term research initiative by the Natural Resources Institute (NRI), University of Greenwich, UK and collaborators that develops and promotes the use of new safe effective biological pesticides in West Africa. Pest control in Africa has so far depended upon the use of synthetic chemical pesticides. However, fears concerning the affect on workers' health, increased pest resistance and the negative environmental impact of these chemicals has led to the development of safer, more environmentally acceptable and cost effective biological control alternatives. Read about this issue on NRI’s website. (NRI; 13/4/2012)
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Des chercheurs de la Fondation africaine pour les technologies agricoles (AATF) au Kenya, du Département de l’Agriculture des Etats-Unis (USDA) et de l’Institut international d’agriculture tropicale (IITA) au Nigeria ont mis au point une méthode saine et naturelle capable de réduire de 99 pour cent la contamination par l’aflatoxine des produits alimentaires agricoles en Afrique.
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Dr. Sheila Okoth, leading an interdisciplinary and farmer participatory project on Conservation and Sustainable Management of Belowground Biodiversity (CSM-BGBD) is in the process of finding a sustainable solution to fungal contamination and mycotoxin production in foods, including aflatoxins. Aflatoxins are toxic, carcinogenic by-products of fungi that colonise maize and groundnuts, among other crops. Okoth’s research findings revealed that African countries do not have cost-effective technologies that can be used to reduce the risk of human and animal exposure to aflatoxin contamination. IFPRI, Washington, USA, has also launched a research project to find cost-effective methods of handling aflatoxin contaminations. Currently attached to the University of Stellenbosch in South Africa on a fellowship sponsored by the African Women in Agricultural Research and Development program, Okoth is studying possibilities, in collaboration with the university’s Department of Plant Pathology, of developing aflatoxin-resistant maize lines. The project includes collaboration between five institutions in Kenya and 120 farmers in agro-ecological regions (Embu and Taita Districts, Kenya) demonstrating alternative methods of farm management. (Source: African Agriculture Blog, 19 September 2010)
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L’adoption de variétés de manioc améliorées pouvant être facilitée si ces dernières sont aisément disponibles pour les agriculteurs, l’IITA et le NRCRI ont mis au point une technique destinée à la multiplication rapide des segments de tiges de manioc pour la plantation.
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Considering that adoption of improved cassava varieties can be facilitated if they are readily available to farmers, IITA and NRCRI developed a technology for rapid multiplication of cassava stem cuttings as planting materials. This involves producing cassava stems using 2- and 3-node cassava stakes. Use of the 2-nodes stakes requires selecting stems of improved varieties of choice; cutting the stems into 2-node stakes; administering some preventive agrochemical treatment (a mixture of insecticide and fungicide) on the stakes against pests and diseases; pre-nursery handling; then nursery care; transplanting of sprouted stakes and management of the field. Planting the 3-nodes stakes follows the same processes, except that the stems are cut into 3 nodes, treated with agrochemicals and then planted direct into the already-prepared field. These stakes are planted at shorter interspaces than when roots are produced. With efficient field management, the cassava stems are ready for initial harvest 6 months after planting. The roots are not harvested with the stems; rather, they are left underground to decay and nourish the ratoons that will soon emerge from the stumps of the harvested stems. The ratoons, which sprout in multiples, are allowed to grow and yield even more stems than the initial stakes planted the next 6 months after first harvest. In all, using about 30 bundles of cassava stems to plant up a hectare, about 1600 bundles of cassava stems can be obtained from the same unit area within a farming year.
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L’Institut international d’agriculture tropicale (IITA) invite les personnes intéressées à soumettre leur candidature pour le poste de responsable de l’unité de biométrie et de statistique. Le poste, annoncé en janvier 2013, restera ouvert jusqu’à ce qu’il soit pourvu par le candidat opportun.
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The International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) invites applications for the position of Head, Biometrics and Statistics Unit. The position, announced in January 2013, will remain open until a suitable candidate is found.
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IITA, 1990. Cassava in Tropical Africa. International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria.
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IITA, 1990. Cassava in Tropical Africa, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria.
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Institut international d'agriculture tropicale (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
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International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria
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L’Institut international d’agriculture tropicale (IITA) recherche le candidat correspondant le mieux au profil du poste d’assistant de recherche (amélioration génétique de l’igname) basé au siège de l’Institut à Ibadan, au Nigeria.
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The International Institute of Tropical Agriculture seeks suitable candidate for the position of Research Associate (yam breeding) at the Institute's Headquarters in Ibadan, Nigeria.
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IITA. 1998. IITA Annual Report and Research Highlights 1987/88. International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria.
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IITA (International Institute of Tropical Agriculture). 1998. IITA (International Institute of Tropical Agriculture) Annual Report and Research Highlights for 1987–88. IITA, Ibadan, Nigeria.
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Collaborative Study of Cassava in Africa (COSCA). 1996. COSCA Working Paper No. 20, IITA, Ibadan, Nigeria.
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Collaborative Study of Cassava in Africa (COSCA) 1996. COSCA Working Paper No. 20, IITA, Ibadan, Nigeria.
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IITA, 1990. Cassava in Tropical Africa. International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria.
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IITA, 1990. Cassava in Tropical Africa, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria.
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IITA. 1998. IITA Annual Report and Research Highlights 1987/88. International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria.
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IITA (International Institute of Tropical Agriculture). 1998. IITA (International Institute of Tropical Agriculture) Annual Report and Research Highlights for 1987–88. IITA, Ibadan, Nigeria.
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La réforme du GCRAI éloigne les lieux de décision, d’après le directeur de l’IITA
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Construction of an agricultural research centre at the University of Kinshasa, DRC
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(Source : IITA, 8 avril 2011)
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(Source : IITA, 8 April 2011)
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Les activités de l'IITA concernent la recherche, la conservation du matériel génétique, la formation et l'échange d'informations en partenariat avec les programmes régionaux et nationaux, notamment les universités, les ONG et le secteur privé.
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IITA activities include research, germplasm conservation, training and information exchange in partnership with regional and national programs, including universities, NGOs, and the private sector. The research addresses crop improvement, plant health, and resource and crop management within a food systems framework, focusing on traditional food crops such as cassava, cowpea, maize, plantain and banana, soybean and yam. IIATA's Policy on Intellectual Property .