tunu – English Translation – Keybot Dictionary

  9. Ngā kai, ngā inu, ng...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Kei te whai tonu te Māori i te tikanga tunu kai puta i Te Moananui-a-Kiwa, arā, te mahi umu; ki Aotearoa, ko te hāngī. Kua tīmata te whai haere a tauiwi i tēnei momo tunu kai o Aotearoa ake.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine teara.govt.nz as primary domain	Māori still follow the traditional Polynesian practice of cooking for large numbers in a hāngī, an earth oven in which hot stones create steam to cook wrapped food. Non-Māori New Zealanders are increasingly familiar with its distinctive taste.

  Patupaiarehe – Te Ara E...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Ka aitia e rātou ngā wāhine ātaahua kia puta he tamariki urukehu. Hei ārai i a rātou, ka pani ngā tāngata i a rātou ki te hinu haunga, ka tunu kai rānei i te mea he anuanu ki te patupaiarehe te haunga o te kai.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine teara.govt.nz as primary domain	Sometimes patupaiarehe would put people under a spell and steal them away. They made love to beautiful women, and some people thought their children were the redheads called urukehu. To keep them away, people would paint themselves with smelly mixtures, or cook food, because patupaiarehe hated the smell. Fire and light would also frighten them away.

  6. Ngā rākau whai hua –...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Ko te kiri o te hīnau hei hanga pātua, ā, tangohia ai te tae pango mō te tā moko. He tino kai ngā hua. Ka paopao, ka rūmakina ki te wai kia makere ai te kiko i te whatu. Kātahi ka whakamaroke, ka tunu hei komeke.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine teara.govt.nz as primary domain	Hīnau bark was used to make pātua (food containers) and black tattooing pigment. Its fruit was an important food for Māori, who pounded or soaked it to remove the flesh from the stones, dried it, then baked it into large cakes.

  Te tāhere manu – Te Ara...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Te tunu i te manu
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine teara.govt.nz as primary domain	Using birds

  3. Ngā taputapu me ngā ...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Ka waru i ngā kōpura iti, ka whakamaroke ki te rā kia pai ai te mahi kao. Ka kai mata, ka rūmaki ki te wai, ka penupenu, ka tunu rānei te kao ki roto hāngī.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine teara.govt.nz as primary domain	Small tubers were scraped, then dried in the sun to make a delicacy called kao. They were eaten raw, or soaked and mashed, or steamed in a hāngī (earth oven).

  6. Te taha wairua – Te ...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	I te huakina o te tau tāhere manu ka whakahaerehia te kawa kīia ai ko te ahi taitai. Ko tēnei mea te ahi taitai kia ora ai ngā kai, ngā kākano, ngā manu. Ka tunu, ka tāpae ngā manu tuatahi mā ngā atua. I reira ka hiki te tapu i te ngahere me te whare mātā.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine teara.govt.nz as primary domain	The fowling season was opened with the ahi taitai ceremony. The first birds caught were offered to the gods. They were cooked in the ceremonial oven, and lifted the tapu from the forest and the whare mātā.

  Uncovering a hāngī – So...  

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Ko te hāngī te momo tunu kai nui ki te Māori. Ka taea te rahi o te kai te tunu ki roto hāngī, arā, te uta kai ki runga kōhatu wera kua putua ki te wai; puta ana te koromāhu, ka taupokina te kai ki te oneone tunu ai.

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One way in which Māori traditionally cooked food was in an earth oven or hāngī. Large quantities of food could be cooked by steaming it over hot stones in a pit, which was then covered in. It is still customary for Māori to ‘put down a hāngī’ when large crowds have to be fed. Here the hāngī has been opened and the food is ready for serving. The event, in 1974, was part of a programme exposing students to different cultural experiences.

  The Waikite Geyser – T...  

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I mua i te whanaketanga o ngā mahi tāpoi ki te takiwā o Rotorua, he rawa nui ōna ngāwhā ki a Te Arawa. Whakamahia ai rātou ngā ngāwhā hei horoi i o rātou kākahu, hei wai kaukau, hei tunu kai hoki. Whakamahia anō e rātou ngā whenua mahana hei whakatipu kūmara.

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Before a tourist industry developed around the thermal attractions of the Rotorua area, its hot pools were an important resource for the people of Te Arawa. They washed clothes, bathed, and cooked food in them. They also used areas where the earth was warmed for growing kūmara (sweet potato), and collected kōkōwai (ochre) for colouring their carvings red. This photograph of a Māori woman beside the Waikite Geyser at Whakarewarewa was taken about 1910.

  A gourd used by Māori –...  

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E rua ngā tipu nō Amerika ki te Tonga i kawea e ngā tāngata tōmua kia noho ki Aotearoa, ko te kūmara me te hue. Kainga ai e te Māori te hua o te hue i te raumati, mā te tunu ki roto umu. Ki te tīkaroa te puku o te hue, ka pai te hue pakari hei ipu pupuri wai, pupuri kai rānei.

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Polynesian settlers to New Zealand brought two South American plants, the kūmara and the gourd. Māori ate the young fruit of the gourd, or hue, in summer, baking it in an earth oven. Hollowed out, the matured fruit provided water vessels and food containers. Because gourds were more difficult to grow in the South Island, seaweed and bark vessels were commonly used. Empty gourds were also made into musical instruments.

  4. Te Māori me ngā hino...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Ko Taakawa, he waipiro kua kōpirongia me te rau kawakawa. Nā Simon Burney o Whiti rāua ko Bruce Smith o Ngāti Raukawa tēnei waipiro i tunu. I ngā tau tōmua o 2000, ka huri rātou mai i te kōpiro waipiro ki te kāinga, ki te mahi i ngā waipiro 30,000 kīaka te maha i roto i te tau kotahi ki tētahi whare whakangao waipiro.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine teara.govt.nz as primary domain	Taakawa, an ale infused with native kawakawa leaves, was created by Simon Burney from Fiji and Bruce Smith from Ngāti Raukawa. In the early 2000s they went from home brewing to producing approximately 30,000 litres a year through an Auckland-based brewery.

  6. Ngā rākau whai hua –...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Me āta tunu te tutu hei patu i te tāoke. Kei tua atu i ngā puapua (anō he kerepi te āhua), he tāoke te katoa o te tutu. Hei tango i te tae ka kōpenua ka tātaritia ngā puapua mā ngā puapua o te toetoe, ērā momo tipu.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine teara.govt.nz as primary domain	Tutu needed special preparation to neutralise its deadly toxicity. Every part of the plant is poisonous except for the petals (which look like long strings of small, dark fruit). To extract the juice, Māori crushed and strained the petals through toetoe and other fibrous plants. It was used to sweeten and flavour other foods such as aruhe (fern root) and dishes made from mamaku and karaka.

  6. Ngā rākau whai hua –...  

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Ko ngā whatu o te karaka tētahi o ngā tino kai a te Māori. Heoi, me āta tunu tēnei kai, ka mate te tangata ki te kainga matangia. E 12 hāora te roa o te kōhuatia, te koromamao rānei, kātahi ka rūmaki ki te wai mō ngā wiki e rua.

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Growing from 5 to 15 metres tall, and with thick, glossy green leaves, karaka was probably the most important source of kernels. These had to be carefully prepared because in their raw state they are poisonous. They were boiled or steamed for up to 12 hours, then immersed in running stream water for one or two weeks. The kernels could then be stored for several months. Re-cooking softened them for eating. The raw flesh of the bright orange fruit is also edible, and has a strong apricot flavour. Māori planted groves of karaka trees near the bays and harbours they seasonally visited.

  5. Ngā tūranga i te hap...  

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Kīhai rātou i puritia, i mauherehia rānei. Ko tā rātou he tunu kai, pīkau wahie me te hoe waka. Ki te moe te tangata ki tana pononga ka whānau mai he tamaiti, ka rite ngā tika o taua tamaiti ki ērā o ngā tāngata o te hapū.

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Taurekareka, also known as mōkai, were slaves taken or born into captivity, or groups that had been taken over by more powerful ones. They were not held in custody or under restraint but were often required to do most of the menial work such as preparing food, carrying firewood and paddling canoes. Children of taurekareka taken as wives or husbands by their masters were born as free members of the hapū.

  Te ahi kā – a lit fire ...  

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Ko te kōrero a te pūkenga rā a Te Rangi Hīroa (Peter Buck), ka tahuna ngā ahi hei tunu kai ki runga i te whenua me te aha, ka noho te ahi kā hei kupu whakarite mō te noho ki tētahi whenua mō te wā roa.

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This painting by John Backhouse shows a Māori village in the North Island, around the 1880s. A woman tends to a fire outside one of the whare (houses). Scholar Peter Buck (Te Rangi Hīroa) noted that people kept their fires burning to cook food while they occupied land. Unsurprisingly, the visibility of fires came to symbolise continuous occupation, leading to the phrase ahi kā (lit fire) or ahi kā roa (long burning fires).

  1. Ngā kōrero tuku iho ...  

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Whai muri ka waihangatia e Kae he whare hei whakamaumahara ki tōna mahi taurekareka. Kei runga i tētahi maihi ka whakairotia te tōiatanga o Tutunui ki uta. Ki runga i tētahi atu ka whakaarihia te tunu te ika.

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In this story, the ill-favoured tohunga Kae visited the great chief Tinirau, and asked if Tinirau’s pet whale, Tutunui, would carry him home. Tinirau reluctantly agreed. Kae rode the whale to his homeland, but forced him to beach. Eventually he killed Tutunui and roasted him on a fire of koromiko shrub. On learning of the murder, Tinirau punished Kae. Some versions of the story say Kae built a house to commemorate his wretched act, showing the hauling of Tutunui ashore on one maihi and the cutting up and preparation for cooking the whale on the other. The bones of Tutunui were suspended on the rafters and framework of the interior of the house. Tinirau was also said to have built a house to honour the sad event.

  Ideas of Māori culture ...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	He whakaahua tēnei mai Rotorua nō te tekau tau atu i 1920; he wāhine kei te tuku kai kia tunu ki roto i te waiariki. Ahakoa te tūturu o ō rātou kākahu, he mea whakapaipai noa iho pea mō te tango whakaahua; kāore ēnei momo kākahu i te kākahu tika mō te tunu kai.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine teara.govt.nz as primary domain	Rotorua women in the 1920s pose for a photographer. They are lowering flax bags filled with food to be cooked in the thermal springs, and their clothes seem traditional, but it is unlikely that such clothes would have been worn for cooking. Pictures like this show how ideas of traditional Māori culture have been distorted.

  2. Ngā wā o te tau – Te...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Te tunu i ngā manu
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine teara.govt.nz as primary domain	Using birds

  Eating kiore – Kiore – ...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Ka whakaatu te kaumātua a Manga Tau rāua ko Brad Haami me pēhea te tunu me te kai kiore.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine teara.govt.nz as primary domain	In this clip, kaumātua Manga Tau and Brad Haami demonstrate traditional methods of preparing, cooking and eating kiore.

  Te hopu tuna – Te Ara E...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	He mea pōkai te tuna ki te rau rākau ka tunu ki roto kete iti. I tua atu, ka pāwhara te tuna i runga i te ahi, i ngā hihi rānei o te rā.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine teara.govt.nz as primary domain	People wrapped eels in leaves and roasted them, or cooked them in small baskets. They also preserved eels by drying, or by partly cooking them over a fire.

  Te hopu tuna – Te Ara E...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Te tunu me te pāwhara
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  Take whenua – Te Ara En...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Me mātua whakaatu te tangata i tōna mana ki te whenua. Koirā te take e kā ai ngā ahi, hei tohu i te ahi tunu kai, te ahi whakamahana, te ahi tīaho i te pō, te ahi kōrero. Ki te mahue te whenua, ka kīia kua mātao te ahi; i reira, ka ngaro ngā tika me te mana ki te whenua.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine teara.govt.nz as primary domain	To prove their rights to an area, Māori needed to show they had occupied it continually. This is known as ahi kā (lit fire), because people kept fires burning for cooking. If they left the land, the fire was seen as dying out, and they could lose their rights.

  Uncovering a hāngī – So...  

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Ko te hāngī te momo tunu kai nui ki te Māori. Ka taea te rahi o te kai te tunu ki roto hāngī, arā, te uta kai ki runga kōhatu wera kua putua ki te wai; puta ana te koromāhu, ka taupokina te kai ki te oneone tunu ai.

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One way in which Māori traditionally cooked food was in an earth oven or hāngī. Large quantities of food could be cooked by steaming it over hot stones in a pit, which was then covered in. It is still customary for Māori to ‘put down a hāngī’ when large crowds have to be fed. Here the hāngī has been opened and the food is ready for serving. The event, in 1974, was part of a programme exposing students to different cultural experiences.

  1. Ngā whakamahinga i t...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	He momo uku te taioma, ka tahuna, ka pehua, ka konatua ki te hinu kia puta te momo hinu tā, kīia ai ko taioma. Waihoki, tērā te pukepoto, he hinu kikorangi te tae. Ko te uku hei horoi. Hei ētahi wā ka pōkaia te kai ki te uku, ka waiho ki te ahi tunu ai.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine teara.govt.nz as primary domain	Taioma, a white paint, was created by burning and pulverising a clay of the same name, then mixing it with oil. Pukepoto was a cobalt blue colour found in clay rock. Uku, a white or bluish soapy clay, was used for washing. Food was sometimes cooked by enveloping it in clay mixed with water and placing it in a hot fire.

  1. Te rāngai mahi ō mua...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Mā te tāne anake ētahi mahi, mā te wahine anō etahi. He rite tonu te wā ko ngā tāne ngā kaitawhiti kiore, kaipiki rākau, kaihī me ngā toa pakanga. Ko tētahi atu mahi nui a te tāne he keri aruhe, ā, mā ngā wāhine e tunu.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine teara.govt.nz as primary domain	Certain tasks tended to be done by men and others by women. In general, activities such as rat trapping, tree climbing, fishing and warfare were performed by men. Men usually dug up aruhe (fern root) while women processed it.

  Uncovering a hāngī – So...  

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Ko te hāngī te momo tunu kai nui ki te Māori. Ka taea te rahi o te kai te tunu ki roto hāngī, arā, te uta kai ki runga kōhatu wera kua putua ki te wai; puta ana te koromāhu, ka taupokina te kai ki te oneone tunu ai.

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One way in which Māori traditionally cooked food was in an earth oven or hāngī. Large quantities of food could be cooked by steaming it over hot stones in a pit, which was then covered in. It is still customary for Māori to ‘put down a hāngī’ when large crowds have to be fed. Here the hāngī has been opened and the food is ready for serving. The event, in 1974, was part of a programme exposing students to different cultural experiences.

  3. Ngā taputapu me ngā ...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Ka whai iho ētahi o ngā momo tunu i ngā kūmara rahi:
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine teara.govt.nz as primary domain	Larger tubers were prepared in a variety of ways:

  Kōhatu – Te Ara Encyclo...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	He momo kōhatu anō mō te tunu hāngī me te kōhua wai. He mea āta kohi ēnei toka, i te mea ka pahū ētahi toka.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine teara.govt.nz as primary domain	Round stones were heated for cooking in earth ovens, and to boil water. These were chosen carefully because some rocks explode when hot.

  Karaka groves – Te ngah...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Ka whakamārama a Tā Tīpene O’Reagan mō te tipu o ngā uru karaka puta noa i Aotearoa. Ahakoa he mate i ngā whatu, ka tohunga te Māori ki te āta tunu hei kai.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine teara.govt.nz as primary domain	Tipene O’Regan explains how karaka groves were deliberately planted throughout New Zealand. Although the kernels are poisonous, Māori had developed a way to make them edible.

  2. Te tikanga o te hauh...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	E ai ki te kuia o Hauraki mā te tangata tika anō hei tunu i ngā ika mō te tohunga manuhiri – he tohu aroha he tohu manaakitanga hoki tēnei.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine teara.govt.nz as primary domain	A female elder of the Hauraki area has noted that only certain people were allowed to prepare fish for visiting tohunga – both a mark of respect and also a demonstration of the host’s manaakitanga.

  Mātaitai – Te Ara Encyc...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Te tunu me te whakamaroke
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine teara.govt.nz as primary domain	Cooking and preserving