waro – English Translation – Keybot Dictionary

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  5. Ngā poroiwi kiore – ...  
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Tērā pea i kainga e te kiore tētahi mea he matūwaro tawhito i roto, koinā pea te take ka hē te whakatau i te pakeke o te kiore.
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The bones might contain old carbon that the rat had intercepted through the food chain, and so the dates may not accurately represent the true age of the rat.
  Kāinga (settlement) – T...  
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Ka takoto ngā māra ki ngā tahataha e anga atu ai ki te tokerau, kia whitia e te rā. Ka tāpiri te oneone ki te onepū, te kirikiri me te waro kia noho ai te mahana ki te one, kia rere ai te wai ki waho.
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This picture depicts an idealised kāinga (Māori settlement). The gardens were placed on elevated, north-facing slopes to maximise exposure to sun. Soils were modified by adding sand, gravel and charcoal to improve heat retention and drainage.
  2. Te taunga ki Aotearo...  
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Otirā, ka whakatipuria te kūmara ki ngā tahataha e anga ana ki te raki. Ka tāpirihia te kirikiri me te waro ki te oneone hei pupuri i te mahana, hei pana atu hoki i te wai. Ko te rua kūmara te wāhi takawai puritia ai ngā kūmara ka kainga me ngā kūmara huri.
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Kūmara growing and storage methods, in particular, had to be adapted to New Zealand. Kūmara was grown on north-facing, elevated sites. Unsuitable soils were adapted by adding sand, gravel and charcoal to improve heat retention and drainage. Māori also developed rua kūmara (kūmara pits) with high humidity levels to store tubers for both eating and planting.
  Midden at Waiotahi – Mā...  
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Kitea ai ki ngā ahu otaota ngā taunakitanga para kai (pērā i te mātaitai me te kōiwi), pungarehu, waro mai i ngā ahi, aha atu. E 500 tau te tawhito o tēnei ahu otaota ki Waiotahe, tata ana ki Ōpōtiki.
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Middens are places where the remains of food (such as shellfish and bones), ash and charcoal from fires, and other traces of settlement can be found. This midden at Waiotahi near Ōpōtiki is about 500 years old. Most of the shells are pipi from the local estuary. Such middens provide evidence that early Māori settlements were often coastal, and that food from the sea was an important part of the diet.
  4. Te tātari hae – poll...  
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Ka tohu te nuinga o ngā taunakitanga hae o Aotearoa ki te mea, atu i te tau 1300 ka huri te āhua o te whenua mai i te ngahere ki te rarauhe, me te piki o te waro. Nā te tahutahu a ngā tāngata i te ngahere kia tipu ai te kūmara te take i pēnei te āhua o te whenua.
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Nearly all New Zealand pollen records, especially those from drier regions, show that by 1300 there was a massive change from predominantly forest species to bracken fern and scrub, with a corresponding increase in charcoal. These widespread vegetation changes were due to settlers burning the forests for kūmara (sweet potato) cultivation, to create living space and to encourage bracken fern growth. The starch-rich underground stems of bracken fern formed an important part of the settlers’ diet.
  7. Ngā waka o Te Tai Ha...  
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. Ko Maruiwi rātou Ruatāmore, ko Taitāwaro ngā rangatira. Ka maumahara anō ki ngā rangatira a Pohokura (te teina a Taitāwaro) rātou ko Panenehu, ko Tāmaki. Ka mōhiotia ngā uri o ngā waka nei ko Te Tini-o-Maruiwi, ko Te Tini-o-Ruatāmore, ko Te Tini-o-Taitāwaro, ko Te Tini-o-Te Panenehu, ko Koaupari, ko Te Wīwini.
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. These were commanded by Maruiwi, Ruatāmore and Taitāwaro respectively. Three other chiefs on these canoes are also remembered: Pohokura (a younger brother of Taitāwaro), Pananehu and Tāmaki. The descendants of the three crews were later known as Te Tini-o-Maruiwi, Te Tini-o-Ruatāmore, Te Tini-o-Taitāwaro, Te Tini-o-Pananehu, Koaupari and Te Wīwini.
  7. Ngā waka o Te Tai Ha...  
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. Ko Maruiwi rātou Ruatāmore, ko Taitāwaro ngā rangatira. Ka maumahara anō ki ngā rangatira a Pohokura (te teina a Taitāwaro) rātou ko Panenehu, ko Tāmaki. Ka mōhiotia ngā uri o ngā waka nei ko Te Tini-o-Maruiwi, ko Te Tini-o-Ruatāmore, ko Te Tini-o-Taitāwaro, ko Te Tini-o-Te Panenehu, ko Koaupari, ko Te Wīwini.
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. These were commanded by Maruiwi, Ruatāmore and Taitāwaro respectively. Three other chiefs on these canoes are also remembered: Pohokura (a younger brother of Taitāwaro), Pananehu and Tāmaki. The descendants of the three crews were later known as Te Tini-o-Maruiwi, Te Tini-o-Ruatāmore, Te Tini-o-Taitāwaro, Te Tini-o-Pananehu, Koaupari and Te Wīwini.
  7. Ngā waka o Te Tai Ha...  
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. Ko Maruiwi rātou Ruatāmore, ko Taitāwaro ngā rangatira. Ka maumahara anō ki ngā rangatira a Pohokura (te teina a Taitāwaro) rātou ko Panenehu, ko Tāmaki. Ka mōhiotia ngā uri o ngā waka nei ko Te Tini-o-Maruiwi, ko Te Tini-o-Ruatāmore, ko Te Tini-o-Taitāwaro, ko Te Tini-o-Te Panenehu, ko Koaupari, ko Te Wīwini.
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. These were commanded by Maruiwi, Ruatāmore and Taitāwaro respectively. Three other chiefs on these canoes are also remembered: Pohokura (a younger brother of Taitāwaro), Pananehu and Tāmaki. The descendants of the three crews were later known as Te Tini-o-Maruiwi, Te Tini-o-Ruatāmore, Te Tini-o-Taitāwaro, Te Tini-o-Pananehu, Koaupari and Te Wīwini.
  Accelerator mass spectr...  
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E ai ki ngā kaimatai whaipara tangata, ko te radiocarbon dating te tikanga nui rawa mō te ine i te pakeke o tētahi mea. Ka taea te ine i te pakeke o ngā mea matūwaro tatū rawa ki ngā tau e 50,000. Mā te tohunga me ngā taputapu hōu rawa ka puta ngā hua tika i tēnei tikanga ine pakeke.
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In New Zealand there are two radiocarbon laboratories – the Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences’ Rafter Radiocarbon Laboratory in Lower Hutt and the University of Waikato’s laboratory in Hamilton. For archaeologists, radiocarbon dating is the most widely used method of estimating the age of objects. It is a dating method used for objects containing carbon that are up to 50,000 years old. Accurate radiocarbon dating requires great expertise and technologically advanced equipment.
  Te Ao-kapurangi – Hauro...  
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Tokorua ā rāua tama, ko Tarakawateipu tō mua, ko Te Hihiko tō muri. Nō te iriirihanga o Te Hihiko ka tapaina ki a Hōne. E ai ki te kōrero, he tohunga tūāhu ngā tungāne o Te Ao-kapurangi, a Te Kōhuru rāua ko Te Waro.
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Te Ao-kapurangi was born probably in the late eighteenth century. One of her parents was Pare-puwhenua and the other possibly Te Whangongo. Descended from Tama-te-kapua of Te Arawa canoe and from Hoturoa of the Tainui canoe, she was a woman of mana, who belonged to Ngati Rangiwewehi and Tapuika hapu. Her two brothers, Te Kohuru and Te Waro, were considered to be most sacred tohunga. Te Ao-kapurangi's first husband was Rauru of Tapuika. They had two sons: the elder was Tarakawa-te-ipu, whose son Takaanui Tarakawa left a record of her life; the younger son was Te Hihiko, later baptised Hone.
  3. Te tikanga radiocarb...  
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Mā tēnei tikanga ka taea te ine i te pakeke o tētahi mea paraumu (organic) pēnei i te rākau, anga, kōiwi rānei. Kei ngā kaiao katoa o te ao tētahi momo matūwaro (carbon) kīia ai ko carbon 14. Kei te mōhiotia e ngā tohunga pūtaiao he aha te roa, kātahi ka tīmata te pirau haere o tēnei momo matūwaro.
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In the 1950s a new method of archaeological analysis, radiocarbon dating, allowed organic materials such as wood, shell or bone to be accurately dated. All living organisms contain a radioactive form of carbon (carbon-14), which decays at a known rate. Therefore, by measuring the amount of carbon-14 a once-living object retains, scientists can determine its age. While the radiocarbon dating method can provide close estimations of age, the figures should not be regarded as exact.
  3. Te tikanga radiocarb...  
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Mā tēnei tikanga ka taea te ine i te pakeke o tētahi mea paraumu (organic) pēnei i te rākau, anga, kōiwi rānei. Kei ngā kaiao katoa o te ao tētahi momo matūwaro (carbon) kīia ai ko carbon 14. Kei te mōhiotia e ngā tohunga pūtaiao he aha te roa, kātahi ka tīmata te pirau haere o tēnei momo matūwaro.
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In the 1950s a new method of archaeological analysis, radiocarbon dating, allowed organic materials such as wood, shell or bone to be accurately dated. All living organisms contain a radioactive form of carbon (carbon-14), which decays at a known rate. Therefore, by measuring the amount of carbon-14 a once-living object retains, scientists can determine its age. While the radiocarbon dating method can provide close estimations of age, the figures should not be regarded as exact.
  Modern Pacific rat bone...  
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Kua kitea i ngā rangahautanga o ngā kōiwi o ngā kiore o nāianei me ngā kiore tawhito mai i ngā wāhi ketuketu whaipara tangata, hei ētahi wā ka kuhu ētahi matūwaro (carbon) ki roto i te tinana o te kiore mā roto i ā rātou kai, koinei pea te take i puta i ētahi rangahautanga te wā 50–150 AD.
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Some researchers, such as Atholl Anderson, have questioned whether rat bones yield reliable radiocarbon dates. It is suggested that not all contaminants are removed during chemical processing – a possible reason for the early dates (50–150 AD). Other explanations for the early dates are that the soils where the bones were deposited have contaminated them, or that the rats’ diet confuses the analysis. Research on both modern rat bones such as these, and on older bones from archaeological sites, has shown that in some circumstances old carbon in the environment can be absorbed by animals through their diet, and this might have influenced the analysis of the rat bones that were dated at 50–150. Dates on rat bones from a South Island cave site that yielded early (50–150) dates in the mid-1990s have not yet been duplicated by more recent dates (1250 or later) on rat bones.