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  Take whenua – Te Ara En...  
E whai iho nei ngā mātāpono a te Māori mō te taunaha whenua.
Māori could claim land rights under a number of principles.
  8. He aha i hōpara ai? ...  
Kia tae rā anō ki te wā o muri mai, ki te wā e roa kē te tangata ki ngā moutere, i te wā i mua i te nekehanga ki Aotearoa, ka puta ngā kōrero mō ngā tāngata i panaia, mō te nui rawa o te taupori, mō ngā whawhai hoki. Ko te kōrero nui, ehara i te mea i tūpono noa te tae a ngā tīpuna ki ngā moutere hōu, he mea āta wānanga kē e rātou.
A common reason for seeking new lands is overcrowding. But early Pacific migrations were not forced by the need for more space. In Lapita times population numbers were lower than they would ever be again. Stories of voyages of exile, overpopulation and warfare all belong to the end of Polynesian prehistory, long after the islands were settled. There is also little support for the Pacific being settled by accidental drift voyages – it was clearly intentional.
  Rua Kēnana Hepetipa – H...  
He mea poropiti e ia i te tau 1927, ka pau nei te ao, oti atu ana i ngā whetū maringi mai i te rangi. Whakahaua ana e ia kia mahia anō ngā kāinga whakamau rawa i ngā tuanui ki te haeana mō te tūpono o taua aituā.
In 1925 an outbreak of typhoid fever struck Maungapohatu. Rua was advised by Dr Charles Hercus of the need to reconstruct the homes and latrines. He turned this knowledge to wider purposes, rebuilding the City of God on earth. In 1927 he predicted the end of the world in a rain of stars, and ordered the reconstruction of the houses, all possessing tin roofs against this event. Once again, the people sold their belongings and regathered from the lower-lying valleys to the foot of the mountain.
  6. Ngāti Tūwharetoa i ē...  
Ka tohutohu te poari i te iwi mō te whakahaere me te whakamahi i ana rawa hei oranga mō ngā whakatipuranga kei te tū ā tōna wā. Ka tirohia ngā mātāpono o te ao ōhanga hei arataki i ngā kaupapa kaipakihi.
The board advised Ngāti Tūwharetoa on taking stock of its resources, both land and people, and planning a future based on economic and social principles. This was not easy, given their relative isolation and distance from markets. As part of its long-term strategy, the board set up trusts to support forestry investments, and continues to support the people through education grants.
  2. Te rea o te hāhi – T...  
Ka matakite a Rātana mō te temepara kāmehameha e tauira ana i ngā pono o te Paipera me ana anō whakahau. I te 25 o ngā rā o Hānuere i te tau 1928 (te rā whānau 55 o Rātana) ka whakatuwherangia te Temepara Tapu o Ihoa me ana pou whakatangi pere e rua.
Rātana had envisioned a magnificent temple embodying deep Biblical truths along with his own revelations. Te Temepara Tapu o Ihoa (the holy temple of Jehovah) with its two imposing bell towers was opened on 25 January 1928, Rātana’s 55th birthday. Officiating was the Japanese bishop Juji Nakada – Rātana and his party had stayed with him in Japan in 1924. At the opening, Rātana stated that his spiritual mission was complete, and church apostles and officers would take on the work.
  2. Te heke mai i raro –...  
Kia tata ratou ki te awa o Mōkau, ka tūpono te tira wāhine a Te Rauparaha ki tētahi taua o Ngāti Maniapoto. Ka whakakuhuna e Te Rauparaha ngā wāhine ki ngā kākahu kahurangi, ka tohua rātou kia tū ki te taha o tēnā, o tēnā ahi, e pōhēhē ai te hoariri he ope taua nui rātou.
Near the Mōkau River further down the coast, Te Rauparaha, accompanied by a small group of mainly women, encountered a war party from Ngāti Maniapoto. Te Rauparaha dressed some of the women as chiefs and told them to stand by several fires, making their enemies think his party was larger than it was. This episode provided the name for this first migration – Te Heke Tahutahuahi (the fire-lighting migration). Ngāti Toa were given sanctuary in Taranaki by relatives, notably their close kin Ngāti Mutunga.
  Letter written by Rātan...  
Kei ana ringa te whakaoranga i puaki nei i tana māngai. Inoi ki a Ihowā me te ngākau pono māna anake koe e whakaora i ō mamaetanga. Inoi ki a ia i runga i te ingoa o te Matua, te Tama te Wairua Tapu me ngā Anahera Pono, ā,whakamoemiti ki a ia me te rīpenetā e whiwhi ai koe i a ia ā māku anō e mea kia whakaaengia tō inoi.
All things are possible with God. He has power to do with his hands that which He has promised with his mouth. Appeal to your Lord Jesus Christ with a real heart belief that He and He alone heal you of your ailment. Pray to Him in the name of the Father Son Holy Ghost and the Holy Angels with a sincere beautiful and reverent prayers so therefore repent that ye may receive His grant as I will also pray to Him to grant your request.
  5. 1920–2000: he mārama...  
I whakapae rāua ko ngā tāngata tuatahi o tēnei motu – ngā iwi patu moa, i puta mai i Poronihia tonu. Nā ana kerikeritanga ki te tāhuna o te awa o Te Wairau, ka kitea e Duff ngā taunaki pono, arā, he iwi Māori tōmua aua iwi whaiwhai moa.
The idea of a pre-Māori known as Moriori was debated by two New Zealand ethnologists – H. D. Skinner in the 1920s, and Roger Duff in the 1940s. Both men argued that the first settlers, the moa hunters, were Polynesian themselves. Duff’s excavations at the archaeological site of Wairau Bar in Marlborough established conclusively that the moa hunters were an early Māori people. He showed that differences between human tools found in different excavated layers could be explained by the evolution of a Māori culture, and were not evidence of a separate, pre-Māori people in New Zealand.
  Maramataka expert, Tūta...  
He tohunga whakapapa, koia tētahi o ngā ākonga mutunga i te whare maire o tōna iwi. He nui ngā kōrero me ngā whakamārama i tukuna e ia ki a Te Pēhi (Elsdon Best). Hei tā Te Pēhi, koia te ‘tohunga pono rawa, mōhio rawa ki ngā kōrero o mua.’
Tūtakangahau, a Tūhoe chief from Maungapōhatu, stands on the left. He was an acknowledged expert on genealogy, and the last tohunga to be schooled in the tribe’s traditional whare maire (school of learning). He provided the ethnographer Elsdon Best with detailed and important information about the maramataka. Best called him: ‘the most trustworthy of authorities on old-time lore.’
  Tuatara door handle – N...  
Ka whakatūpato a Mangō i a Tuatara, mō ngā āhuatanga kino o te noho ki te whenua. Ka whakautu a Tuatara, e pai ana, nā te anuanu o tōna āhua ka mataku te katoa. Ka tūpono kitea e te tangata he tuatara, he aituā kei te haere, he kaupapa tahuri.
This metal tuatara is actually a door handle. It is said that Tuatara once lived in the sea, but argued with his brother Mangō (shark) about whether to stay there or go to the land. Tuatara moved onto the land and Mangō stayed in the sea. While Mangō warned him of dangers, Tuatara said that he would be fine as his looks would frighten everybody. Some tribes considered the tuatara a bad omen.
  4. Ngā kaiārahi o te wa...  
I tēnei wā anō, ka puea ake tētahi tikanga hōu ki Rangitīkei. I ngā tau tōmua o te rau tau 1900, ka whakatūria ki Parewanui te pokapū whakapono a tētahi wahine nō Ngāti Apa, ko Mere Rikiriki tōna ingoa.
About this time a new force in Māori leadership emerged in Rangitīkei. In the early 1900s a Ngāti Apa woman, Mere Rikiriki, established a spiritual centre at Parewanui. Based on Christian scripture, Te Hāhi o te Wairua Tapu (the Church of the Holy Spirit) emphasised the unity of Māori under God and the Treaty of Waitangi. Thousands from tribes throughout New Zealand visited Parewanui to listen to Mere Rikiriki’s teachings and to receive and witness healings.
  Letter written by Rātan...  
Kei ana ringa te whakaoranga i puaki nei i tana māngai. Inoi ki a Ihowā me te ngākau pono māna anake koe e whakaora i ō mamaetanga. Inoi ki a ia i runga i te ingoa o te Matua, te Tama te Wairua Tapu me ngā Anahera Pono, ā,whakamoemiti ki a ia me te rīpenetā e whiwhi ai koe i a ia ā māku anō e mea kia whakaaengia tō inoi.
All things are possible with God. He has power to do with his hands that which He has promised with his mouth. Appeal to your Lord Jesus Christ with a real heart belief that He and He alone heal you of your ailment. Pray to Him in the name of the Father Son Holy Ghost and the Holy Angels with a sincere beautiful and reverent prayers so therefore repent that ye may receive His grant as I will also pray to Him to grant your request.
  2. Te heke whakatetonga...  
I taua wā, kua tīmata te mauāhara ki a Ngāi Tara. I tētahi mahinga, ka tūpono a Ngāi Tahu ki te tūpāpaku o tētahi rangatira nō Ngāi Tara i roto i tētahi ana. Ka tangohia, ka auahatia ngā kōiwi o taua rangatira hei matau, kātahi ka karangahia a Ngāi Tara kia haere tahi ki te hī ika.
During this period, relations with another tribe, Ngāi Tara, had become strained. On one occasion a Ngāi Tahu party discovered the corpse of a Ngāi Tara chief inside a cave. The warriors fashioned the bones into fishhooks and invited Ngāi Tara on a fishing expedition. During the expedition, the Ngāi Tahu crew sarcastically commented, ‘The old man has them biting well.’ Ngāi Tara realised that the bones of their ancestor had been desecrated. In response, they killed the chief Pūraho, hiding under the latrine he used each morning and impaling him on a spear.
  Tūtānekai – Te Arawa – ...  
Ahakoa he kāwai rangatira ōna, he tamaiti pōriro a ia. Hei tama kē a ia mā Tūwharetoa, te rangatira nō Kawerau i tūpono atu ki te moutere. Ka murua te hara o Rangiuru e tana tāne e Whakaue, ka riro māna te tamaiti hei whāngai.
This carving of Tūtānekai playing a flute stands in Rotorua’s city centre. Tūtānekai lived on Mokoia Island in Lake Rotorua. Although of high rank, he was an illegitimate child. He was conceived when Tūwharetoa, a chief from Kawerau, visited the island. His mother Rangiuru was forgiven by her husband, Whakaue, who reared the boy as his own. Tūtānekai grew into a handsome young man, a fine dancer and athlete, which aroused the jealousies of his three elder half-brothers. All four had fallen in love with the beautiful Hinemoa of Ōwhata, on the lake’s eastern shore. However, it was Tūtānekai’s seductive flute-playing that won Hinemoa’s heart.
  Bill Hamilton, designer...  
I pakeke a Bill Hamilton ki tētahi pāmu i te ikawhenua o Te Wai Pounamu. Mai anō i tana tamarikitanga i akiakina a ia kia kimi oranga mōna i ngā raruraru tērā ka tūpono i te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao. Ka whakatūria e ia he hēte hei mahi mīhini mō ngā hanganga nui i runga i ana hoahoa waipēhi.
Raised on a South Island high-country farm, Bill Hamilton was encouraged from an early age to take an independent and innovative approach to solving problems. During the Second World War he established an engineering workshop that produced construction machinery using his own hydraulics design. In the 1950s, developing the established water-jet principle, Hamilton designed a jet unit that would propel boats in rivers too shallow for conventional propeller-driven craft. His highly successful invention was marketed worldwide.
  Ngata, Āpirana Turupa –...  
Ko Māui Pōmare me ērā o ngā mema Māori o te Pāremata ōna hoa ki te whakatari Māori hai hōia, me te akiaki kia whakatōpūtia rātau – nō muri mai i te aituā o Karipori (Gallipoli) – hai ope Māori. Nā te ū o Ngāti Porou ki ā rātau tikanga ā-iwi o te noho ngākau pono ki te Karauna, i nuku kē ake tōna kaha i ētahi atu iwi ki te whakarato tūao.
In the meantime, Ngata's career was diverted by the First World War and its aftermath. Ngata, who was 40 and the father of a large family when the war started, could hardly have served. But he threw himself into the Maori war effort, working with Maui Pomare and other Maori MPs to recruit Maori troops and agitating to have them grouped together – after the disaster of Gallipoli – into a Maori battalion. Ngati Porou lived up to their tradition of loyalty to the Crown by providing more than their share of Maori volunteers. Ngata also worked to provide land for returned Maori servicemen, although, with his approval, this was taken from blocks of Maori land.
  2. Ngā heke tuauri ki P...  
Engari, tekau kē ngā whakawhitinga o te moana e tae ai te tangata mai i Āhia ki Poronihia Tata; ko te mea roa rawa atu i ēnei whakawhitinga e 100 kiromita te tawhiti. Nā reira ko te titiro, he mea āta wānanga ngā haerenga nei, ehara i te haere tūpono noa.
If only a single water crossing had been necessary to get from mainland Asia to Near Oceania, then surely during thousands of generations, a few groups would have made it across somehow. In fact, a minimum of 10 water crossings were required, the longest being 100 km. To make such a journey indicates intent rather than accident.
  5. He tohu rangatira – ...  
Tērā tētahi wahine ko Tōmairangi tōna ingoa, i moe i tana tāne nō Ngā Rauru. Nā tōna kūare ka tūpono taua wahine ki te takotoranga o Āwhiorangi. I tana kitenga i te toki rā, ka hikohiko te uira, ka papā te whatitiri, ka rere te huka.
, of the Ngā Rauru tribe. Eventually, this adze was considered so sacred that it was deposited by the ancestor Rangitaupea above a burial cave so it would not be disturbed. It is said that when it was discovered by Tōmairangi, who had married into the tribe and was unaware that she was trespassing upon a sacred site, lightning, thunder and snow came from the heavens. She said, ‘Kotahi te mea i kite ai au i reira, anō he atua, ka nui taku mataku’ (I saw one thing there, which was as a god, and I was greatly afraid).
  2. Te rea o te hāhi – T...  
Kāre te Hāhi Rātana e aukati i ngā whakapono o ētahi hāhi kē. Ka whakapono tonu a Rātana ki te tokotoru tapu; arā, te Matua, te Tama me te Wairua Tapu, ka tāpirihia anō ngā Anahera Pono, ā, Te Māngai hoki i ētahi wā ki roto i ā rātou karakia.
The Rātana Church embraces other Christian denominations and expresses tolerance towards other faiths. The Rātana cosmology includes the Christian trinity; te Matua, te Tama and te Wairua Tapu (Father, Son and Holy Spirit), adding ngā Anahera Pono (the faithful angels) and sometimes Te Māngai (the mouthpiece) to prayers. Its central book is the Bible, although the Blue Book, written in Māori and containing prayers and hymns (many composed by Rātana), is used in all church services.
  Waitaramea memorial – ...  
I te whakawhitinga o Ngāi Tahu i Te Moana-o-Raukawa ki Te Wai Pounamu, ka tūpono rātou ki ō rātou huānga o Ngāti Māmoe e noho ana i reira. I te hekenga haere o Ngāi Tahu ki te tonga ka tuki ki a Ngāti Māmoe.
When Ngāi Tahu crossed Cook Strait to settle in the South Island they found a related tribe, Ngāti Māmoe, already living there. As Ngāi Tahu moved slowly south, there were battles between the two tribes, but also intermarriage and peaceful assimilation. The last major battle was fought in the early 18th century at Waitaramea, in the Five Rivers area of inland Southland. This monument marks the site.
  Take whenua – Te Ara En...  
Ngā mātāpono tika whenua
Land-rights principles
  5. Ngā poroiwi kiore – ...  
Kei te pono ngā poroiwi kiore?
Can rat bones be trusted?
  3. Ngā kapua – Tāwhirim...  
Ki te puta mai te atiru ka tūpono mai te marangai me te hau.
Atiru clouds threatened rain and wind.
  6. External links and s...  
Nō te rau tau 1800 ka waihangahia te Kōti Whenua Māori hei whakawā i ngā take whenua Māori. Kei konei te hītori, ngā whakahaere, te ture, ngā mātāpono me whakataunga o te Kōti Whenua Māori.
The Māori Land Court was set up in the 19th century to rule on matters relating to Māori land. This site contains information on the history and activities of the court, relevant acts and regulations, and decisions.
  2. Kaumātua i ngā wā ō ...  
Kei ngā kōrero mō Tāwhaki, ka kake rāua ko tana taina ko Karihi ki te toi o ngā rangi. I mua i te ekenga, ka tūpono ki tō rāua kuia matakerepō, ko Whaitiri. I te pū rangiaho mata i ngā mahi a ana mokopuna, ka tohua rāua e Whaitiri ki hea rāua piki ai ki te rangi tūhāhā.
In the Tāwhaki stories, Tāwhaki and his young brother Karihi decided to climb up to the heavens. Before the climb, they found their blind grandmother, Whaitiri. The grandsons restored her sight, and in return Whaitiri advised them how best to make the climb into the sky.
  5. Rēkohu – Te ohanga o...  
I te takiwā o te tau 1500, ka nunumi atu ngā tīpuna Moriori i Te Waipounamu ka noho ki Rēkohu, e 800 kiromita te tawhiti atu ki te rāwhiti. Ka tūpono rātou ki ngā tāero nui i pā ki ō rātou tīpuna Māori i te taenga ake ki Te Ika-a-Māui me Te Waipounamu: arā ko te urutau ki tētahi āhuarangi rerekē, me ngā rawa whenua hou.
Around 1500 AD the ancestors of the Moriori people left the South Island and settled Rēkohu (the Chatham Islands), 800 kilometres east of New Zealand. They came up against the difficulties encountered by their Māori ancestors when settling the North and South islands in the 13th century: adjusting to a different climate and adopting new resources.
  2. Te rea o te hāhi – T...  
Ko te hiki a Rātana i tana iwi mōrehu ko rātou hei kaitiaki i tēnei tukanga tapu ki Aotearoa. Nāna te akiaki kia whai tonu i te Wairua Tapu me ngā Anahera Pono e tutuki ai te aroha me te hauora mō te iwi.
T. W. Rātana gave hope to his people that they were custodians of an important pan-tribal legacy that would help shape New Zealand. They were encouraged to look to te Wairua Tapu (Holy Spirit) and the angels so they would continue the legacy of bringing comfort and healing to the people.
  8. Te whakapapa me te k...  
Ko te kupu ‘kaupapa’ ka kōrero mō ngā mātāpono me ngā ariā e mahi ai hei pūtake mō te mahi. Ko te kaupapa he huinga o ngā uara, o ngā mātāpono, o ngā mahere hoki i whakaaetia ai e te iwi hei pūtake mō te mahi.
Kaupapa means principles and ideas which act as a base or foundation for action. A kaupapa is a set of values, principles and plans which people have agreed on as a foundation for their actions.
  8. Te whakapapa me te k...  
Ko te kupu ‘kaupapa’ ka kōrero mō ngā mātāpono me ngā ariā e mahi ai hei pūtake mō te mahi. Ko te kaupapa he huinga o ngā uara, o ngā mātāpono, o ngā mahere hoki i whakaaetia ai e te iwi hei pūtake mō te mahi.
Kaupapa means principles and ideas which act as a base or foundation for action. A kaupapa is a set of values, principles and plans which people have agreed on as a foundation for their actions.
  2. Te rea o te hāhi – T...  
Ko te tohu matua o te hāhi ko te whetū mārama e whakamauhia ana ki ngā kara o ngā mōrehu me ngā whare karakia. Ko te marama kōura (he tohu māramatanga) ka anga ki ngā taha rerekē o te whetū: e tohu ana te kahurangi mō te Matua, te mā mō te Tama, te whero mō te Wairua Tapu, te waiporoporo mō ngā Anahera Pono.
The main tohu (symbol) of the church is the five-pointed star and crescent moon, the whetū mārama (shining light), worn on the lapels of mōrehu (the scattered remnant, Rātana followers) and at pivotal points on church buildings. The golden crescent moon (symbolising enlightenment) can face different parts of the coloured star: blue represents te Matua (the Father), white is te Tama (the Son), red is te Wairua Tapu (Holy Spirit) and purple is ngā Anahera Pono. Te whetū mārama represents the kingdom of light or Māramatanga, standing firm against the forces of darkness (mākutu).
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