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With this in mind, the NFER has developed a model, presented in the form of a layered, or ‘onion’, diagram (see link to report below), to show how technical teaching and learning can be better understood and applied. At the core of the layers is the learner as the primary recipient and beneficiary of teaching and learning. The next ring shows the characteristics and traits of good quality learning in general, which are acquired during students’ secondary education to ensure progression to more specialised technical or vocational learning later. This includes a personalised and flexible approach to study, using innovative approaches; establishing a good rapport between learner and teacher and a purposeful and stimulating environment. The outer layer represents the characteristics of technical and vocational education specifically, and outlines aspects such as meeting the diverse needs of learners; access to industry standard facilities and resources; contextualisation; sequencing of learning; communities of practice; and employer engagement. Learners should be able to see how their studies have an impact on the development of skills for the workplace and distinguish clear pathways towards higher-level learning.
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