xve siècle – -Translation – Keybot Dictionary

  Tombouctou, Réplublique...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Après la période de ralentissement du XVe siècle, Tombouctou atteint son apogée sous le règne des Askia (1493-1591). Son rayonnement s'accroît. La ville est alors densément construite.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	After a slower period in the 15th century, Tombouctou reached its peak under the reign of the Askias (1493-1591). Its influence increased. By this time, the city was densely constructed.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	Tras un período de regresión, en el siglo XV, Tombuctú alcanza su apogeo bajo el reinado de los Askia (1493-1591), época en que aumenta su influencia. La ciudad está densamente construida.

  Dubrovnik, Croatie | OVPM  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Les remparts «représentent [...] un remarquable effort d'adaption [de l'enceinte urbaine médiévale] aux progrès de l'artillerie. [...] ils constituent l'une des grandes références de l'histoire de la fortification au XVe siècle»
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	Dubrovnik illustrates the willingness to create an urban landscape conceived like a work of art. As a museum-city, it conserves both monuments constructed by great architects and a large number of dwellings of obvious architectural merit. This homogeneity in the quality of the built form is without equal elsewhere. (I) The city presents a unique testimony to the civilisation of the Republic of Raguse. (III) The ramparts represent a remarkable effort to adapt its urban medieval enclosure to progress in the field of artillery and constitute one of the great references for 15th-century fortification history. (IV)
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	"Dubrovnik ilustra el deseo de crear [...] un paisaje urbano concebido a manera de una obra de arte. Ciudad-museo, Dubrovnik conserva, al lado de monumentos construidos por los más grandes arquitectos [...], una gran cantidad de casas de una evidente calidad arquitectónica [...]. Esta homogeneidad en la calidad de los edificios" no tiene equivalente en otras partes (I). " La ciudad aporta un testimonio único, [...] sobre la civilización de la República de Ragusa" (III). Las fortificaciones "representan [...] un notable esfuerzo de adaptación [del recinto urbano medieval] a los progresos de la artillería. [...] constituyen una de las grandes referencias de la historia de las fortificaciones en el siglo XV" (IV).

  Brême, Allemagne | OVPM  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	L’Hôtel de ville et la statue de Roland sur la place du marché de Brême au nord-ouest de l’Allemagne constituent des témoignages exceptionnels de l’autonomie civique et des droits de marché qui caractérisèrent le Saint Empire romain germanique. L’ancien bâtiment de l’hôtel de ville a été construit en style gothique au début du XVe siècle, après que Brême soit devenue membre de la Ligue hanséatique.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	The Town Hall and Roland on the marketplace of Bremen in northwest Germany are outstanding representations of the civic and trading rights as they developed in the Holy Roman Empire in Europe. The old town hall was built as in the Gothic style in the early 15thcentury, after Bremen joined the Hanseatic League. The building was renovated in the so-called Weser Renaissance style in the early 17th century. A new town hall was built next to the old one in the early 20th century as part of an ensemble that survived the bombarding during the Second World War. The statue is stands 5.5m tall and dates back to 1404.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	El edificio del Ayuntamiento y la estatua de Roland en la Plaza del Mercado de Bremen en el noroeste de Alemania, constituyen dos pruebas excepcionales de la autonomía cívica y de los derechos mercantiles que caracterizaban al Sacro Imperio Romano-Germánico. El antiguo edificio del Ayuntamiento fue construido en estilo gótico a principios del siglo XV, después de que Bremen se convirtió en miembro de la Liga Anseática. El edificio fue remodelado a principios del siglo XVII en un estilo llamado Renacimiento del Weser. Un nuevo Ayuntamiento, construido al lado del antiguo a inicios del siglo XX, forma parte de un conjunto salvado de los bombardeos de la Segunda Guerra Mundial. La estatua de 5.5 m de altura data de 1404.

  Bruxelles, Belgique | O...  

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La plus grande part du flanc sud-ouest est dominée par l’Hôtel de Ville, construit dans la première moitié du XVe siècle et complété d’une aile arrière lors de la reconstruction successive au bombardement de 1695.

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La Gran Plaza de Bruselas ocupa el emplazamiento de un pantano seco en la ribera derecha del Sena. La primera mención escrita conocida del mercado bajo o “Nedermerckt” data de 1174. La parte más grande del costado suroeste está dominada por el Ayuntamiento, construido en la primera mitad del siglo XV y completado con una ala trasera durante la reconstrucción que siguió al bombardeo de1695. Desde la Edad Media sus funciones no han cambiado: es la sede de la representación política del municipioLa Casa del Rey está en frente. El edificio actual, reconstruido entre 1873 y 1895 de estilo gótico flamígero, en él se encuentra el Museo de la Ciudad desde 1884, primero limitado a una planta antes de ocupar, en 1926, el edificio entero.

  Chinguetti, Mauritanie ...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Oualata est très prospère au XVe siècle et acquiert en outre une notoriété intellectuelle considérable après avoir accueilli l'élite de Tombouctou lors des attaques Touaregs (1446). Ouadane jouit d'une grande prospérité commerciale qui ralentit face aux incursions arabes du XVIe siècle.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	Oualata was very wealthy in the fifteenth century, and also achieved a certain intellectual notoriety by sheltering the elite of Timbuktu who were fleeing Tuareg attacks (1446). Ouadane enjoyed great commerical prosperity, which then diminished under Arab incursions in the fifteenth century. At the height of its influence (seventeenth to nineteenth centuries), the religious and cultural prestige of Chinguetti reached as far as Mecca. Tichitt’s wealth lasted until the eighteenth and nineteeth centuries, when it was consumed by droughts, epidemics, and clan warfare.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	Oualata goza de una gran prosperidad en el siglo XV y además adquiere un renombre intelectual, después de la acogida de la elite de Tumbuctú, durante los ataques Touaregs (1446). Ouadane, disfruta de una prosperidad comercial la cual disminuyó con la invasión de los árabes en el siglo XVI. En su apogeo (siglo XVII al XIX) Chinguetti extiende su prestigio religioso y cultural hasta La Meca. La prosperidad de Tichitt se mantiene hasta los siglos XVIII y XIX cuando la sequía y las epidemias se agregan a las guerras de los clanes.

  Oviedo, Espagne | OVPM  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Les bâtiments religieux construits plus tard, comme la cathédrale gothique San Salvador datant du XVe siècle et le monastère San Vicente aux origines romanes, témoignent de la persistance de l’Église chrétienne durant tout le Moyen Âge.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	The later religious buildings, such as the Gothic San Salvador Cathedral from the fifteenth century, and the Roman San Vicente Monastery, suggest the persistence of the Christian church throughout the Middle Ages. First and foremost, Ovideo’s monuments are priceless relics of the Kingdom of Asturias, which existed so long ago that few of its buildings remain. But in addition, the town in its entirety serves as a illustration of how Christianity has persisted in northern Spain ever since the late Middle Ages.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	Las construcciones religiosas erigidas más tarde, como la catedral gótica San Salvador que data del siglo XV y el monasterio San Vicente con orígenes romanos, son muestra de la persistencia de la Iglesia cristiana durante la Edad Media. Los monumentos de Oviedo son, antes que nada inestimables testigos del reino asturiano, que remonta a una época lejana de la cual quedan muy pocas construcciones. Además, el conjunto de la ciudad de Oviedo ilustra la perseverancia de la tradición cristiana en España septentrional desde la alta Edad Media.

  Bakou, Azerbaïdjan | OVPM  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	La Tour de la Vierge (Giz Galasy), du XIIe siècle, se dresse sur des structures antérieures, remontant aux VIIe-VIe siècles avant notre ère. Le Palais des Chahs de Chirvan, du XVe siècle, est l'une des merveilles de l'architecture azerbaïdjanaise.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	Built on a site inhabited since the Palaeolithic period, the Walled City of Baku reveals evidence of Zoroastrian, Sassanian, Arabic, Persian, Shirvani, Ottoman, and Russian presence in cultural continuity. The Inner City (Icheri Sheher) has preserved much of its 12th-century defensive walls. The 12th-century Maiden Tower (Giz Galasy) is built over earlier structures dating from the 7th to 6th centuries BC, and the 15th-century Shirvanshahs' Palace is one of the pearls of Azerbaijan's architecture.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	Edificada sobre un sitio habitado desde la época paleolítica, la ciudad fortificada de Bakou presenta una remarcable continuidad cultural con rastros de la presencia del zoroastrismo, sasánida, árabe, persa, shirvani, otomana y rusa. La ciudad intramuros (Icheri Sheher) conserva una gran parte de sus murallas del siglo XII. La Torre de la Virgen (Giz Galasy), del siglo XII, está construida sobre estructuras anteriores, que datan de los siglos VII-VI a. C., es una de las maravillas de la arquitectura azerbaidjanesa.

  Amsterdam, Pays-Bas | O...  

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En 1452, la ville subit un incendie qui détruit pratiquement tous ses bâtiments à pans de bois ; l'usage de la brique se généralise pour la reconstruction. Elle se dote de fortifications le long du Singel, à la fin du XVe siècle.

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The Netherlands passed under Spanish rule in 1515 with the accession of Charles V. The country rose in revolt in the 16th century in defence of public freedom and religious tolerance, since much of the population had espoused the Reformation. After a period of wars and compromises, the seven provinces of the northern Netherlands formed the independent United Provinces in 1581. This situation attracted rich Jewish families, Antwerp traders, and French Huguenots in particular to Amsterdam, the largest city in this relatively dispersed federation without any prince regent. It became a land of refuge and of free-thinking. For two decades the military situation, the naval in particular, with Spain remained tense; there were many conflicts, but maritime trade and warehousing activities developed quickly. The Dutch East India Company (VOC, 1602) and the Dutch West India Company (WIC, 1621) were created to trade with the Indian Ocean and the Americas respectively. The 17th century was a particularly flourishing period for the United Provinces, whose sovereignty, economic importance, and cultural uniqueness were fully recognised by the Treaty of Westphalia (1648).

  Samarcande, Ouzbékistan...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Samarkand – carrefour de cultures (C i, ii, iv) La ville historique de Samarkand représente un carrefour et un lieu de synthèse des cultures du monde entier. Fondée au VIIe siècle avant l'ère chrétienne sous le nom d'Afrasyab, Samarkand connut son apogée à l'époque timouride, du XIVe au XVe siècle.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	Samarkand - Crossroads of Cultures (C i, ii, iv) The historic town of Samarkand is defined as the crossing and synthesis of world cultures. Developed from the seventh century BC as ancient Afrasiab, Samarkand had its most significant development in the Timurid period from the fourteenth to the fifteenth centuries. The major monuments include the Registan Mosque and madrasahs, Bibi-Khanum Mosque, the Shakhi-Zinda compound and the Gur-Emir ensemble, as well as Ulugh-Beg's Observatory.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	Samarkand – unión de culturas (C i, ii, iv) La ciudad histórica de Samarkand representa una unión y un sitio de síntesis de culturas del mundo entero. Fundada en el siglo VII antes de la era cristiana bajo en nombre de Afrasyab, Samarkand tuvo su apogeo en la época timúridas, del siglo XIV al siglo XV. Los principales monumentos son la mezquita y las medersas del Registan, la mezquita de Bibi-Khanum, el conjunto de Shah i-Zinda y el de Gur i-Emir, así como el observatorio de Ulugh-Beg.

  Zamosc, Pologne | OVPM  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Après l'extinction de la dynastie (1572), le royaume est électif. À l'instigation de Zamoyski, la noblesse, qui affirmait difficilement ses privilèges au XVe siècle, participe désormais à l'élection royale.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	After the extinction of the Jagello Dynasty in 1572, the Kingdom became subject to elections. At the instigation of Jan Zamoyski (1541-1605), the gentry, which had difficulty confirming its rights in the 15th century, participated in the royal election. It possessed, along with the high clergy, a monopoly over real estate.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	Al extinguirse la dinastía Jagelón (1572), el reino se hace electivo. A instancias de Zamoyski, la nobleza, que afirmaba difícilmente sus privilegios en el siglo XV, participa ahora en la elección real. Con el alto clero, tiene el monopolio de los bienes raíces.

  Trogir, Croatie | OVPM  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	À partir de 1420, Trogir fait partie de l’empire vénitien, qui poursuit la fortification et l’agrandissement de la ville-îlot. Venise, force qui règne sur la mer Adriatique durant le XVe siècle, contribue par sa richesse au développement économique et artistique de la ville dalmatienne.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	From 1420 Trogir was part of the Venetian Empire and as such continued to fortify and enlarge its island-city. The economic and artistic development of the Dalmatian city was funded by Venice, which was the dominant power in the Adriatic Sea during the fifteenth century. Despite the decline of the Venetian Empire, Trogir remained under its rule until the end of the eighteenth century.(Mais sous les Hongrois du XIIme au XIVme)
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	A partir de 1420, Trogir forma parte del imperio veneciano, que continua con la fortificación y la ampliación de la ciudad islote. Venecia, fuerza que reina en el mar Adriático durante el siglo XV, contribuye por su riqueza al desarrollo económico de la ciudad dalmacina. Aún con el decline del imperio veneciano, Trogir queda bajo su dominación hasta finales del siglo XVIII.

  Angra do Heroísmo, Port...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Au XVe siècle, le Royaume du Portugal par le relais des Iles du Cap-Vert détourne par l'Atlantique le commerce de l'or traditionnellement effectué par les routes caravanières du Sahara. Au début du siècle suivant, les ports asiatiques de Goa (1510) et de Malaka (1511) deviennent possessions portugaises.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	In the 15th century, the Kingdom of Portugal rerouted the gold trade, which had followed the caravan routes of the Sahara, to the Atlantic Ocean. Early in the next century, the Asiatic ports of Goa and Melaka were taken over by the Portuguese in 1510 and 1511 respectively.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	En el siglo XV, el Reino de Portugal logra desviar a través del Atlántico, con escala en las islas de Cabo Verde, el comercio del oro, realizado tradicionalmente por las rutas de caravanas del Sahara. A principios del siguiente siglo, los puertos asiáticos de Goa (1510) y Malaca (1511) son posesiones portuguesas.

  Pienza, Italie | OVPM  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	L'enceinte restaurée au XVe siècle, qui a survécu en bonne partie, englobe encore la ville. Une rue principale, le Corso Rossellino, traverse Pienza d'est en ouest, reliant ses deux portes principales.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	The surrounding wall that was restored in the fifteenth century still stands, largely intact. The high street, le Corso Rossellino, crosses Pienza from east to west and links the two main town gates. On either side of this street the rectilinear street plan, following the ancient layout, creates an irregular grid. The shape of the Piazza Pio II is an irregular trapezoid, and it consitututes the urban centre and focal point of the town. At groundlevel, the herringbone pattern of the cobblestones accentuates the square’s unique shape.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	El recinto restaurado en el siglo XV, que sobrevivió en gran parte, encierra aún a la ciudad. Una calle principal, el Corso Rossellino, cruza Pienza de Este a Oeste, uniendo sus dos puertas principales. A cada lado de dicha vía, calles rectilíneas las cuales su trazo respeta la antigua trama, forman un tablero irregular. La Piazza Pío II, de forma trapezoide irregular, constituye el centro urbanístico y la referencia principal de la ciudad. La disposición de los adoquines en ángulo, acentúan la originalidad de la forma.

  Banska Stiavnica, Répub...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	La grande prospérité du XVe siècle s'accompagne d'un accroissement de la densité urbaine. La guerre qui éclate à la mort du roi Albert de Hongrie entraîne des destructions. Un nouvel essor architectural s'ensuit : églises, hôtel de ville, place de la Trinité.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	The great prosperity of the 15th century was accompanied by an increase in urban density. A war which broke out following the death of King Albert of Hungary led to considerable destruction. The renewed architectural momentum that followed involved the construction of churches, a town hall, and Trinity Square.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	La gran prosperidad del siglo XV viene acompañada de un aumento de la densidad urbana. Al morir el rey Alberto de Hungría, estalla una guerra que ocasiona destrucciones. Luego llega un nuevo auge arquitectónico: iglesias, ayuntamiento, Plaza de la Trinidad.

  Fès, Maroc | OVPM  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Après sa chute au XVe siècle, elle retrouve sa fonction de capitale sous les Alaouites (descendants d'Ali qui règnent encore sur le Maroc) au XIXe siècle. De son passé prestigieux, la médina de Fès exerce encore de nos jours sa fonction de centre culturel islamique.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	After its fall in the 15th century, Fez regained its function as capital under the rule of the Alaouites (descendants of Ali who still reigned over Morocco) in the 19th century. From the time of its prestigious past to the present, Fez has retained its function as an Islamic cultural centre.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	Después de su decaimiento, en el siglo XV, recupera su función de capital bajo los alauitas (descendientes de Alí, que aún reinan en Marruecos) en el siglo XIX. De su pasado prestigioso, la medina de Fez ejerce, todavía en la época actual, su función de centro cultural islámico.

  Riga, Lettonie | OVPM  

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Dès le XIIIe siècle, la plupart des bâtiments de Riga sont érigés en pierre, ce qui reflète la richesse de la ville médiévale. La vieille ville a conservé plusieurs de ces constructions aux façades étroites telles que la “ Maison des trois frères ” datant du XVe siècle.

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The zone described in the World Heritage listing is very large. It includes the medieval centre, the old eighteenth and nineteenth century suburbs that were laid out on a grid plan, and a semi-circle of boulevards dating from the nineteenth century. From the thirteenth century the majority of Riga’s buildings were stone, reflecting the wealth of the medieval city. The old city has conserved many of these buildings with their narrow façades, such as the fifteenth century “House of the Three Brothers.” There are several medieval churches in the old city. The cathedral, begun in 1211, was subject to numerous additions and renovations in the late Middle Ages and the modern era, which explains the mix of Roman, Gothic, Mannerist, Baroque, Classical and Neolithic elements to be seen in it today. Another medieval church, dedicated to Saint Peter, was badly damaged during World War II but its remarkable spire still marks the city’s skyline.

  Alger, Algérie | OVPM  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	À la suite de la conquête vandale (Ve s.), la Mauritanie passe sous l'autorité byzantine (VIe s.) puis sous celle des Arabes qui fondent une nouvelle ville sur les ruines de l'ancienne ville romaine (944). Jusqu'au XVe siècle, l'histoire urbaine d'Alger est liée aux luttes dynastiques du Maghreb.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	Following the conquest of the Vandals in the 5th century, Mauritania went under the rule of the Byzantines in the 6th century. Then the Arabs took over and in 944 they founded a new city on the ruins of the ancient Roman city. Until the 15th century, the urban history of Algiers was linked to the battles between the dynasties of the Maghreb.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	Tras la conquista vándala (s. V), Mauritania pasa bajo la autoridad bizantina (s. VI), y luego de los árabes que fundan una nueva ciudad sobre las ruinas de la antigua ciudad romana (944). Hasta el siglo XV, la historia urbana de Argel está vinculada a las luchas dinásticas del Magreb.

  Tallin, Estonie | OVPM  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	La métropole commerciale de Gotland, Visby, perd son titre au XIVe siècle, et Tallinn et Riga prennent sa place dans l’économie. Par la suite, malgré l’affaiblissement de la Hanse à partir du XVe siècle, Tallinn réussit à garder son rôle commercial et ne cesse de s’agrandir et de s’embellir.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	When Visby, the commercial centre of Gotland, lost its metropolitan status in the fourteenth century, Tallinn and Riga took its place in the regional economy. Even when the Hansa began to weaken in the fifteenth century, Tallinn managed to keep its commercial role and continued to grow and improve.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	La metrópolis comercial de Gotland, Visby, pierde su título en el siglo XIV, y Tallinn y Riga toman ese lugar en la economía de la región. Aún con la atenuación de la Hansa a partir del siglo XV, Tallinn logra conservar su papel comercial y no cesa de crecer y de embellecerse.

  Shakhrisyabz, Ouzbékist...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Le centre historique de Shakhrisyabz compte des édifices monumentaux exceptionnels et des quartiers anciens témoignant du développement séculaire de la ville, et tout particulièrement de son apogée, sous l'empire de Timour, au XVe siècle.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	The historic centre of Shakhrisyabz contains a collection of exceptional monuments and ancient quarters which bear witness to the city's secular development, and particularly to the period of its apogee, under the empire of Timur, in the 15th century.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	El centro histórico Shakhrisyabz cuenta con edificios monumentales excepcionales y con barrios antiguos los cuales son testigo del desarrollo secular de la ciudad, sobre todo de su apogeo, bajo el imperio de Timur en el siglo XV.

  Boukhara, Ouzbékistan |...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	La ville est mise à sac et incendiée par les hordes de Gengis Khan (1220); de nouvelles invasions mongoles s'ensuivront (1273 et 1316). Intégrée à l'empire des Timurides en 1370, on y élève des chefs d'oeuvre d'architecture. Lors des luttes féodales de la fin du XVe siècle, elle connaît un déclin.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	In 1220, the city was sacked and set on fire by the hordes of Gengis Khan. In 1273 and 1316, the Mongols invaded again. Following its integration into the Timurid Empire in 1370, a number of architectural masterpieces were erected in Bukhara. During the feudal struggles at the end of the 15th century, the city went into decline.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	La ciudad es saqueada e incendiada por las hordas de Gengis Khan (1220); seguirán nuevas invasiones de los mongoles (1273 y 1316). Tras su integración al imperio de los timuridas en 1370, se erigen en ella obras maestras de la arquitectura. Durante las luchas feudales de fines del siglo XV, sufre una decadencia.

  Moscou, Fédération Russ...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Le Kremlin prend à la fin du XVe siècle l'aspect général qu'il conservera. Des architectes italiens se sont joints aux architectes russes pour la réalisation de son premier noyau, la place des Cathédrales, conjuguant avec éclat Renaissance italienne et traditions russes.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	At the end of the 15th century, the Kremlin had the general appearance that it maintains to this day. Italian and Russian architects worked together on the realisation of its first nucleus, Cathedral Square, leading to a successful blend of Italian Renaissance and Russian traditions. Immense buildings are integrated into the 18th-19th centuries ensemble. The famous Cathedral of Saint Basil facing Red Square is one of the great monuments of Orthodox art.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	A fines del s. XV, el Kremlin adopta el aspecto que conservará. Unos arquitectos italianos se unieron a sus colegas rusos para realizar el primer núcleo, la plaza de las Catedrales, hermanando con brillo Renacimiento italiano y tradiciones rusas. En el s. XVIII, unos edificios inmensos se unen al conjunto. En la Plaza Roja, la célebre colegiata San Basilio es una de las más bellas obras del arte ortodoxo.

  Banska Stiavnica, Répub...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Le lent déclin de la fin du XVe siècle s'accélère avec l'insurrection des mineurs (1525 1526). Après la défaite des Hongrois à Mohacs (1526), les Turcs avancent vers les villes minières. On érige un système de fortifications qui relie les maisons dispersées.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	The slow decline of the at the end of the 15th century was accelerated by the miners' revolt of 1525-1526. After the defeat of the Hungarians at Mohacs in 1526, the Turks advanced towards the mining towns. A system of fortifications was constructed to link the dispersed houses.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	La lenta decadencia de finales del siglo XV se acelera con la insurrección de los mineros (1525-1526). Tras la derrota de los húngaros en Mohacs (1526), los turcos avanzan hacia las ciudades mineras. Se erige un sistema de fortificaciones que reúne las casas dispersas.

  Moscou, Fédération Russ...  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	L'enceinte triangulaire du Kremlin (2,2 km) est renforcée de 19 tours, toutes différentes, érigées entre la fin du XVe siècle et la fin du XVIIe siècle. Le plan de la ville s'inscrit dans une continuité.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	The triangular enclosure of the Kremlin, which is 2.2 km. in length, is reinforced by 19 towers, each different, that date to between the end of the 15th century and the beginning of the 17th century. The plan of the city expresses its continuity: from the beginning, routes radiated outwards from the hill of the Kremlin across the country, and the radial plan of the modern city was laid out and developed so that its streets originated from this same centre.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	La muralla triangular del Kremlin (2,2 km) está reforzada con 19 torres, todas diferentes, erigidas entre finales del siglo XV y finales del XVII. El plano de la ciudad se inscribe dentro de la continuidad. Desde este cerro, irradiaron diversas rutas por todo el país. El plano radial de la ciudad moderna recupera y desarrolla, a partir del mismo centro, este trazado antiguo.

  Mérida, Espagne | OVPM  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	L'arrivée des Rois Catholiques entraîne un bref renouveau à la fin du XVe siècle. Révoltes portugaises et catalanes (XVIIe s.), guerre de Succession (XVIIIe s.) et guerre de péninsule (XVIIIe s. ) accentuent son déclin.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	The arrival of the Catholic kings led to a brief revival at the end of the 15th century. Portuguese and Catalanian revolts followed in the 17th century, and the Succession War and the war of the peninsula, both in the 18th century, contributed to Merida's further decline.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	Durante el reinado de los Reyes Católicos, hay un breve renacimiento hacia finales del siglo XV. Las revueltas portuguesas y catalanas (s. XVII), la Guerra de Sucesión y la guerra peninsular (s. XVIII) precipitan su decadencia.

  Tolède, Espagne | OVPM  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Du XIIe au XVe siècle, le développement des arts est remarquable à Tolède. Au XVIe siècle, sous le règne de Charles Quint, le statut de "ville impériale et couronnée" lui sera accordé. Elle sera éblouissante dans plusieurs domaines.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	From the 12th until the 16th century, Toledo was the site of remarkable artistic development. In the 16th century, under the reign of Charles-Quint, it attained the status of an "imperial and crowned city," and flourished in many domains.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	Del siglo XII al XV, el desarrollo de las artes es notable en Toledo. En el siglo XVI, bajo el reinado de Carlos V (Carlos I de España), se le otorga el estatuto de "ciudad imperial y coronada". Es deslumbradora en varios aspectos.

  Lübeck, Allemagne | OVPM  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	À la suite des difficultés qui surgissent à partir du XVe siècle et avec l'apparition de concurrents, la Hanse malgré des efforts de restauration s'engage dans un lent déclin. La guerre de Trente Ans (1618-1648) lui sera fatale.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	Following difficulties that began in the 15th century when competitors appeared on the market, the Hanseatic League started to decline slowly despite various efforts to restore itself. The Thirty Years' War (1618-1648) was fatal for the League.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	A raíz de dificultades que surgen a partir del siglo XV y con la aparición de competidores, el Hansa, pese a los esfuerzos de restauración, inicia su lenta decadencia. La Guerra de los Treinta Años (1618-1648) será fatal para ella.

  Split, Croatie | OVPM  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Du XIIe au XVe siècle, Split est une ville libre rattachée à l'Empire austro-hongrois. On construit un rempart autour du nouveau noyau urbain.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	From the 12th century until the 15th century, Split was a free city which was annexed to the Austro-Hungarian Empire. A wall was built around its new urban node.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	Del siglo XII al XV, Split es una ciudad libre unida al Imperio Austro-húngaro. Se construye una muralla alrededor el nuevo núcleo urbano.

  Albi, France | OVPM  

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La période de la Renaissance, à compter du milieu du XVe siècle dans l'Albigeois, amène une reprise économique basée sur l'exploitation du pastel, une plante tinctoriale alors en vogue. De nouvelles élites locales s'affirment, entraînant la construction de beaux hôtels particuliers, dans un style Renaissance, et la rénovation des quartiers anciens du centre historique.

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The Renaissance, beginning in the mid-15th century in the Albi region, brought economic recovery based on the extraction of pastel, a plant-dye in fashion at the time. A new local elite developed, bringing in its wake the construction of fine residences in a Renaissance style and the renovation of the old quarters in the historic centre. The seigneurial bishops Louis I and Louis II of Amboise undertook the completion of the Cathedral, building the external entrance baldaquin and the choir, with its rood-screen and internal stone rails; they then launched an imposing programme of internal murals and statuary, assisted by both regional artists and others from France, Flanders, and Italy (see Description). They reflect a Late Gothic style, characterised by extremely rich decoration, at times overly ornate, coupled with highly expressive characters.

  Strasbourg, France | OVPM  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	À partir du XVe siècle, le développement économique de Strasbourg est accompagné d'un rayonnement politique et intellectuel.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	From the 15th century on, the economic development of Strasbourg was accompanied by political and intellectual enlightenment.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	A partir del siglo XV, el desarrollo económico de Estrasburgo se acompaña de una proyección política e intelectual.

  Kathmandu, Népal | OVPM  

Show textShow cached sourceOpen source URL	Réunifié sous les Malla (1380-1395), le pays atteint son âge d'or autour du XVe siècle. Bhatgaon, Patan et Katmandou témoignent de cette brillante période.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	Reunited under the Malla Dynasty between 1380 and 1395, Nepal enjoyed its golden era around the 15th century; Bhodgaon, Patan and Kathmandu flourished during this period of prosperity.
Compare text pagesCompare HTM pagesOpen source URLOpen target URLDefine ovpm.org as primary domain	Reunificado bajo los Malla (1380-1395), el país alcanza su edad de oro alrededor del siglo XV. Bhatgaon, Patan y Katmandú son el testimonio vivo de ese brillante período.